冷冻整鸡样本中单株猪红斑丹毒丝菌的鉴定及生物学特性

目的 探讨冷冻整鸡样本来源的单株猪红斑丹毒丝菌致病性、耐药性及生物学特征,为该菌防治供科学依据。方法 通过基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱（matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry,MALDI-TOF MS）和全基因组测序技术进行菌株鉴定和分子生物学研究,采用纸片扩散法（K-B法）检测其耐药表型,通过体外生物被膜形成实验检测其生物被膜形成能力,通过ParSNP构建亲缘关系图。结果 MALDI-TOF MS可以准确地鉴定猪红斑丹毒丝菌,该菌染色体大小为1,791,362 bp,G+C含量36.5%,含有1730个蛋白质编码序列,53个tRNA和2个rRNA,基因组分析暂未发现质粒;携带四环素类耐药基因tet(M),抗菌药物敏感性实验结果显示仅对四环素耐药,耐药基因和耐药表型一致;携带7个与黏附和荚膜形成相关的毒力基因;体外生物被膜形成能力适中（2+）;与韩国分离株KCSbR1亲缘关系较相近。结论 本研究阐明了冷冻整鸡样本中猪红斑丹毒丝菌分离株的生物学特性,为该菌科学有效防控提供理论依据。     

Deferment of slaughtering in swine affected by cutaneous erysipelas

According to the European Union rules for meat inspection (Regulation (EC) No. 854/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004, that will be enforced in January 2006 in place of Council Directive 91/497/EEC of 29 July 1991 and Council Directive 91/498/EEC of 29 July 1991), any swine carcase affected by erysipelas must be destroyed. When pigs show erysipelas during antemortem inspection, the slaughtering must be deferred. Legislation however does not specify how long should be this period. In our research, 24 swine showing cutaneous erysipelas during antemortem inspection, have been tested: 8 of them were slaughtered after 10 days, 8 after 15 days and 8 after 20 days from the observation of the disease. Skin with scars of "diamond lesions", spleen, liver, kidney, inguinal lymph nodes, tonsils and muscle samples were tested in each carcase for the presence of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. The results suggest that the slaughtering of swine affected by cutaneous erysipelas must be deferred for at least 15 days from disappearance of typical lesions, in order to guarantee a good level of safety of the meat and to reduce the hazard of occupational disease for veterinarians, abattoir workers and meat processors.