An effective classification and numbering system for dental bitewing radiographs using teeth region and contour information

We propose a dental classification and numbering system to effectively segment, classify, and number teeth in dental bitewing radiographs. An image enhancement method that combines homomorphic filtering, homogeneity-based contrast stretching, and adaptive morphological transformation is proposed to improve both contrast and illumination evenness of the radiographs simultaneously. Iterative thresholding and integral projection are adapted to isolate teeth to regions of interest (ROIs) followed by contour extraction of the tooth and the pulp (if available) from each ROI. A binary linear support vector machine using the skew-adjusted relative length/width ratios of both teeth and pulps, and crown size as features is proposed to classify each tooth to molar or premolar. Finally, a numbering scheme that combines a missing teeth detection algorithm and a simplified version of sequence alignment commonly used in bioinformatics is presented to assign each tooth a proper number. Experimental results show that our system has accuracy rates of 95.1% and 98.0% for classification and numbering, respectively, in terms of number of teeth tested, and correctly classifies and numbers the teeth in four images that were reported either misclassified or erroneously numbered, respectively.     

Evaluation of Two Homogenization Techniques for Modeling the Elastic Behavior of Granular Materials

This paper discusses the capabilities of two homogenization techniques to accurately represent the elastic behavior of granular materials considered as assemblies of randomly distributed particles. The stress-strain relationship for the assembly is determined by integrating the behavior of the interparticle contacts in all orientations, using two different homogenization methods, namely the kinematic method and the static method. The numerical predictions obtained by these two homogenization techniques are compared to results obtained during experimental studies on different granular materials. Relations between elastic constants of the assembly, interparticle properties, and fabric parameters are discussed, as well as the capabilities of the models to take into account inherent and stress-induced anisotropy for different stress conditions.     

Optimization of Potato Cube Drying in a Microwave-Assisted Pulsed Spouted Bed

The drying homogeneity of the microwave–pulsed spouted bed drying (MPSBD) method was studied via preparing tubers granules by MPSBD under different predefined conditions. The effects of three parameters (microwave power, moisture content transition point, and loading) on the homogeneity of prepared tubers granules were studied. Based on response surface analysis results, it was concluded that the optimum conditions for tuber granules prepared by MPSBD method is 1.10 W/g microwave power, 80% moisture content transition point, and 90 g material loading. It was proven that the experimental result from the predicted optimal condition agreed with the model-predicted results, which evidenced the accuracy of the response surface analysis. Furthermore, the brighter color and higher rehydration capacity of samples prepared by MPSBD indicates that MPSBD is a promising method that can be applied in the food dehydration industry.     

人工模拟降雨装置的研制与应用

本文介绍为现场核素迁移试验而研制的人工模拟降雨装置 ,着重介绍了设计参数的选择和性能测试的方法及其结果。该装置采用医用注射针头在一圆圈内振动洒落水滴模拟降雨。经过两年多现场试验中的使用 ,证明它具有降雨强度可变范围宽 (小降雨器 2～ 10 0 mm/h、大降雨器 4～ 10 0 mm/h) ,降雨强度下限低 (小降雨器 2 mm/h、大降雨器 4 mm/h)和性能稳定等特点。与采用喷嘴喷淋的装置相比较 ,便于控制降雨面积、降雨量和总给水量。该装置能满足现场核素迁移试验使用要求 ,也可用于其它需要模拟降雨的试验研究中     

融合多权重因素的低秩概率矩阵分解推荐模型

针对个性化推荐精度较低、对冷启动敏感等问题,该文提出一种融合多权重因素的低秩概率矩阵分解推荐模型MWFPMF.模型利用给定的社交网络构建信任网络,借助Page rank算法和信任传递机制求取用户间信任度;基于Page rank计算用户社会地位,利用活动评分和评分时间修正用户间关系权重;引入词频-逆文本频率技术(TF-I...     

The PZT system (PbTixZr1−xO3, 0≤x≤1.0): High temperature X-ray diffraction studies. Complete x-T phase diagram of real solid solutions (Part 3)

Based on high temperature x-ray diffraction studies of the PZT system (PbTi_xZr_1−xO₃, 0.0≤x≤1.0) the complete x-T phase diagram of solid solutions is built, which exhibits peculiar properties due to the real structure of ceramics:     

Te溶剂垂直区熔法生长Φ20MCT晶体组分控制研究

采用Ｔｅ作溶剂在特制的垂直区熔炉上开展了Φ２０ＭＣＴ晶体的生长研究；详细阐述了该方法ＭＣＴ晶体的生长过程和生长机理；总结了分析了晶体生长过程中影响组分的因素；提出了生长过程中组分控制存在的问题和改善组分控制的措施。     

Assessment of the mean-value of 17-hydroxypregnenolone in the umbilical blood of newborns by the exploratory analysis of biochemical data

The main aim of data analysis in biochemical metrology is the extraction of relevant information from biochemical data measurements. A system of extended exploratory data analysis (EDA) based on the concept of graphical tools for sample data summarization and exploration is proposed and the original EDA algorithm in S-Plus is available on the Internet at http://www.trilobyte.cz/EDA. To check basic assumptions about biochemical and medical data is to examine the independence of sample elements, sample normality and homogeneity. The exact assessment of the mean-value and the variance of steroid levels in controls is necessary for the correct assessment of the samples from patients. Data examination procedures are illustrated by a determination of the mean-value of 17-hydroxypregnenolone in the umbilical blood of newborns. For an asymmetric, strongly skewed sample distribution corrupted with outliers the best estimate of location seems to be the median. The Box–Cox transformation improves a sample symmetry. The proposed procedure gives reliable estimates of a mean-value for an asymmetric distribution of 17-hydroxypregnenolone when the arithmetic mean can not be used.     

Principles of 2-sliding mode design

Second-order sliding modes are used to keep exactly a constraint of the second relative degree or just to avoid chattering, i.e. in the cases when the standard (first order) sliding mode implementation might be involved or impossible. Design of a number of new 2-sliding controllers is demonstrated by means of the proposed homogeneity-based approach. A recently developed robust exact differentiator being applied, robust output-feedback controllers with finite-time convergence are produced, capable to control any general uncertain single-input-single-output process with relative degree 2. An effective simple procedure is developed to attenuate the 1-sliding mode chattering. Simulation of new controllers is presented.     

Nonhomogeneous Spectral Element for Wave Motion in Multilayer Systems

This contribution deals with the use of the computationally efficient spectral element technique as a means of analyzing the dynamic behavior of axisymmetric multilayer systems consisting of homogenous and nonhomogeneous material layers and subjected to a stationary but transient force. Focus is placed on the mathematical formulation and numerical verification of a nonhomogeneous spectral element for soil material. The general solution of the wave equations and the boundary value problem are achieved by triple summation over fast Fourier, Fourier–Bessel, and Frobenius series. Practical utilization of the model is presented via a numerical example, which simulates a pavement structure subjected to the dynamic action of a falling weight deflectometer test as typically utilized for pavement structural evaluation.