“The innovation governance dilemma: Alternatives to the precautionary principle”

This article reviews the four innovation governance approaches (the precautionary principle, responsible innovation, permissionless innovation, and the innovation principle), including definitions, important attributes, and weaknesses found in each approach, and when utilizing an affinity diagram as a tool of analysis, identifies their distinctive characteristics and common relationships. A discussion section summarizes the paper’s findings and offers insights into where there is common relationships for further possible convergence between two innovation governance approaches – responsible innovation and permissionless innovation – that conceptually share substantially more in common than they contrast with each other. For addressing this challenge, the study recommends the following policy proposals: embrace artificial intelligence/machine learning/data analytics for risk management and regulatory adaptability; consider “soft law”as an option to public regulation; and substitute corporate citizenship for corporate social responsibility.     

Ranking of aircraft maintenance organization based on human factor performance

Aircraft maintenance organisation is a complex socio-technical setup, where human factors influence the quality of aircraft maintenance service. Maintenance service quality is assessed based on the commitment of management and its ability to provide suitable facility, tools, spares and manpower supported with comfortable environment and maintenance procedures. Assessment of the service quality of the aircraft maintenance organisation is a complex process. Airlines, regulators, insurance companies and other agencies need decision support system, to assess the performance of a maintenance organisation. This paper provides criteria and scientific approach for assessing the maintenance organisation; it presents a methodology of applying Analytical Hierarchy Process to prioritise the key functions and to rank the maintenance organisations under study. The study has established that maintenance service quality in airline is directly correlated to its fleet size.     

户式中央空调的节能研究

对户式中央空调系统节能问题作了研究,从住宅建筑空调负荷的计算特点和方法、系统主机容量的确定、末端设备的选择到系统调节特性等诸多方面,综合考虑,并结合实际工程,阐述了影响户式中央空调能量消耗的各种主要因素和改进措施.     

我国放射性物质运输概况

本文介绍了我国放射性物质运输概况(除台湾省外)。目前,全国放射性物质货包的年运输最约10万件,总放射性活度为1.8PBq,运输的放射性同位素主要是~(131)I、~(32)P 和~(198)Au 等。承运人员的年剂量当量是相当低的,一般小于5mSv。由于十分重视放射性物质的安全运输,所以没有发生过严重事故。文中还讨论了放射性物质运输中的防护问题。     

关于变压器二次额定电压的计算

推导了变压器二次负载电压的计算公式,建议由此公式代替以往原理书中惯用的近似公式。利用此公式绘制和分析了不同功率因数额定负载时的相量轨迹图。     

盘锦地区电力负荷的季节性分析

本文从盘锦地区１９８７－１９９３年电力负荷的原始资料入手，运用移动平均并加以改良的方法，从具有季节性变化的电力负荷系列中，分离出季节性分量，提示了电力负荷发展变化的规律。文中分析了盘锦地区七年间电力负荷发展的自身特点，指出其循环变化的转折点，给出了未来近期负荷变化的趋势，为电力行业制定规划和组织生产提供了依据，对供电企业合理安排生产计划、适应市场经济带来启示。     

长江九江河段河势演变及治理探讨

对九江河段历史的和近期的演变分析表明,该河段由于受来水来沙及上游河势变化的影响,深泓有一定的摆动幅度,由此引起潜洲、边滩、浅滩出现相应的冲淤变化,以致影响船舶停靠和通航.对该河段进行治理,一方面可通过挖泥疏浚来缓解目前的矛盾;另一方面,从长运考虑应实施综合治理工程来彻底根治目前九江河段存在的问题.     

正确把握电信发展规律

二十世纪末，全球网络经济过热和电信业陷入之际，正是中国电信业深化体制改革、破除垄断、全面引入竞争之时。面对复杂的国际国内形势，中国电信业在一系列关系发展全局的重大问题上，坚持理性与务实，保持了行业积极稳健的发展。我国电信业目前正处于新的发展时期，面对新的机遇和挑战，在总结国内外实践的基础上，要进一步加深对电信发展基本问题的认识，要正确处理好一系列带有全球性、战略性、方向性的重大关系问题。     

调节阀的闪蒸和气蚀

针对调节阀的闪蒸和气蚀问题，介绍了调节阀在选型和使用中的要点。     

Adaptive observers as nonlinear internal models

This paper shows how the theory of nonlinear adaptive observers can be effectively used in the design of internal models for nonlinear output regulation. The theory substantially enhances the existing results in the context of adaptive output regulation, by allowing for not necessarily stable zero dynamics of the controlled plant and by weakening the standard assumption of having the steady-state control input generated by a linear system.