异养培养光合细菌产5-氨基乙酰丙酸发酵条件的研究

从废水处理厂的活性污泥中筛选出产5 氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)的红假单胞菌原始菌株,可产生7 35mg/L的ALA,采用亚硝基胍(NTG)以及紫外线对该菌株进行诱变处理,得到产量为19 12mg/L的菌株C-1。在摇瓶实验过程中,对培养基组成和培养条件进行了初步优化,使菌株产ALA的能力达到了38 9mg/L。     

Optimization of H2 photo-fermentation from benzoate by Rhodopseudomonas palustris using a desirability function approach

The operational conditions of H₂ production from benzoate by Rhodopseudomonas palustris was optimized in batch experiments by using the response surface methodology (RSM) and a desirability function approach. The estimated best H₂ production performance, i.e., maximum substrate-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 0.61 and light conversion efficiency of 3.20%, was achieved at: benzoate concentration 9.97 mM, NH₄Cl concentration 0.21 g/L and pH 6.76. These parameters were employed for running a continuous H₂ production bioreactor, for which the optimal hydraulic retention time was found to be 6 d. Under a light–dark cycle, R. palustris survived and maintained their H₂ production activity in the continuous operating system. The results demonstrate that it is possible to operate an outdoor photo-bioreacror for continuous H₂ production by utilizing aromatic compound as substrate. This works offer implications for guiding the design and operation of more energy–productive processes for treatment of aromatic compound-containing wastewater treatment.     

Bio-hydrogen production enhancement by co-cultivating Rhodopseudomonas palustris WP3-5 and Anabaena sp. CH3

Photobiological H₂ production is a promising method for renewable energy development. An innovative system that co-cultivating Rhodopseudomonas palustris WP3-5 and Anabaena sp. CH3 was carried out to estimate the effect of co-cultivation on H₂ production enhancement. H₂ production prolongation and enhancement were observed due to the light and metabolic compatibility of these two strains. Co-culture system served by acetate and fructose as carbon source can accumulate H₂ in 140.8 mL, almost double than the sum of individuals. Moreover, the enhancement of H₂ production was significantly affected by the mixed ratio of two strains. The mixed ratio (WP3-5:CH3) of 1:2 showed a highest H₂ production rate in 44.8 mL-H₂/L-culture/h, and both 2:1 and 1:2 exhibited a relatively high substrate conversion efficiency during the latest period of cultivation, whereas the mixed ratio of 1:1 and 3:1 only revealed a prolongation in H₂ production due to metabolic compatibility of two strains.     

The effect of Ni,Fe and Mg concentration on photo-hydrogen production by Rhodopseudomonas faecalis RLD-53

In the present study, the effect of Ni²⁺ (0–10 μmol/l), Fe²⁺ (0–200 μmol/l) and Mg²⁺ (0–15 mmol/l) concentration on photo-hydrogen production from acetate was investigated by batch culture. Results showed that under a proper concentration range, Ni²⁺ was able to enhance the hydrogen production rate and the hydrogen yield; Fe²⁺ was able to increase the hydrogen yield, and hydrogen production rate was enhanced only when the culturing time was 24–72 h. Ni²⁺ and Fe²⁺ at a higher concentration inhibited cell growth. When Ni²⁺ and Fe²⁺ concentrations were 4 μmol/l and 80 μmol/l, respectively, maximal hydrogen yield of 2.87 and 2.78 mol H₂/mol acetate was obtained when batch culturing at 35 °C with initial pH 7.0. Mg²⁺ did not significantly affect hydrogen production and hydrogen yield which maintained at about 2.45 mol H₂/mol acetate, but it was favorable to cell growth.     

Photo fermentative hydrogen production using dominant components (acetate, lactate, and butyrate) in dark fermentation effluents

Engineering strategies were applied to promote the phototrophic H₂ production of an indigenous purple nonsulfur bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris WP3-5 using major components (i.e., acetate, butyrate, and lactate) of dark fermentation effluents as carbon sources. First, performance of cell growth and photo-H₂ production on each carbon source was examined individually. It appeared that acetate was the most effective carbon source for photo-H₂ production, giving an overall H₂ production rate and H₂ yield of 12.68 ml/h/l and 67.1%, respectively. Next, the effect of substrate concentration of each carbon source on photo-hydrogen production was investigated. Kinetic models were developed to describe the correlation between maximum specific growth rate/specific H₂ production rate and the substrate concentration. The results show that using acetate and lactate as the carbon source, the kinetics for the cell growth and photo-hydrogen production can be described by Monod-type and Michaelis–Menten models, respectively, whereas substrate inhibition occurred when using butyrate as the carbon source. The continuous cultures were also conducted at a hydraulic retention time of 96 h using synthetic dark fermentation soluble metabolites (with a 5 and 10 fold dilution) as the influent. The phototrophic H₂ production efficiency was stably maintained for over 30 days with an overall H₂ yield 10.30 and 11.97 mol H₂/mol sucrose, when using 5-fold and 10-fold diluted dark fermentation effluent, respectively, as the substrate for dark fermentation. This demonstrates the feasibility of using the sequential dark and photo fermentation for high-yield biohydrogen production.     

B族维生素对沼泽红假单胞菌产氢以及降解废水的影响

研究了B族维生素对沼泽红假单胞菌生长和产氢的影响以及其对模拟废水的处理效果。考察了在基础培养基中加入不同配比B族维生素时的产氢状况和废水处理效果。结果表明,B族维生素对沼泽红假单胞菌的生长,产氢以及处理废水能力都是有影响的。从产氢量的角度来看,空白对照组(未添加任何B族系列维生素)的产氢量最少,产氢量累积达到57.88 mL/L,加入全部维生素累积量128.83 mL/L,缺少VB2的产氢累积为83.25 mL/L,低于加入全部维生素累积量,因此VB2对产氢有促进作用,而缺少VB4的产氢量累积高达337.43 mL/L,高于加入全部维生素累积量,因此VB4对产氢有抑制作用。而对于废水处理效果来看,只加入复合VB的COD去除率达到最高值64.706%。     

类胡萝卜素发酵生产条件的研究

对影响红假单胞菌产类胡萝卜素的因素作了较全面的研究,获得了类胡萝卜素产量较高的培养条件：以乙酸钠为碳源,谷氨酸钠为氮源,酵母膏为生长因子,4mg／LMgSO4,2mg／LFe2（SO4）3,15001X光照度,30℃,微好氧培养120h。在此条件下R-41菌株的类胡萝卜素产量由23．8mg／g干菌体提高到57．3mg／g干菌体。     

富硒沼泽红假单胞菌G3 菌与牛初乳复配改善小鼠免疫功能的作用研究

目的：探讨富硒沼泽红假单胞菌G3 菌(简称富硒G3 菌)与牛初乳复配对小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法：将富G3 菌与牛初乳复配形成富硒牛初乳,用环磷酰胺构建小鼠免疫低下模型,对免疫低下小鼠灌胃富硒G3 菌、牛初乳和富硒牛初乳,50d 后测定各组小鼠脏器指数、白细胞数、T 淋巴细胞阳性率、血清SOD 酶活性、全血GSH-Px活性,同时计算平均每日进食饲料质量与体质量增加量的比值。结果：富硒G3 菌、牛初乳、富硒牛初乳均能提高免疫低下小鼠对饲料的利用率,能提高免疫低下小鼠SOD、GSH-Px 活性、白细胞数和T 淋巴细胞阳性率,其中富硒牛初乳高剂量组效果最为明显,说明富硒牛初乳高剂量组能显著增强小鼠的免疫功能。     

Control strategies for hydrogen production through co-culture of Ethanoligenens harbinense B49 and immobilized Rhodopseudomonas faecalis RLD-53

This study evaluated hydrogen production by co-culture of Ethanoligenens harbinense B49 and immobilized Rhodopseudomonas faecalis RLD-53 with different control strategies. To enhance cooperation of dark and photo-fermentation bacteria during hydrogen production process, the glucose concentration, phosphate buffer concentration and initial pH were controlled at 6 g/l, 50 mmol/l and 7.5, respectively. The maximum yield and rate of hydrogen production were 3.10 mol H₂/mol glucose and 17.2 mmol H₂/l/h, respectively. Ethanol from E. harbinense B49 in acetate medium can enhance hydrogen production by R. faecalis RLD-53 except the ratio of ethanol to acetate (R_E/A) among 0.8 to 1.0. Control of the proper phosphate buffer concentration (50 mmol/l) not only increased acetic acid production by E. harbinense B49, but also maintained stable pH of co-culture system. Therefore, the results showed that co-culture of E. harbinense B49 and immobilized R. faecalis RLD-53 was a promising way of converting glucose into hydrogen.