五味子木脂素超声循环提取工艺条件的优化

采用超声循环提取的方法从五味子中提取五味子醇甲等木脂素类有效成分,考察溶剂、超声时间、超声功率、液固比和温度对提取工艺的影响．结果表明采用85％的乙醇作为提取溶剂,在单因素实验的基础上通过正交实验得出最佳工艺条件：超声功率500W,超声时间10min,温度30℃,液固比20,五味子木脂素提取率达到80．84％．     

大孔树脂纯化北五味子藤茎中总三萜的研究

对5种商品化大孔树脂吸附纯化北五味子藤茎中总三萜的性能进行对比筛选,发现AB-8树脂对北五味子藤茎总三萜具有最大的吸附量。结果表明,在上样液pH为6,上样流速1BV/h,洗脱剂乙醇的体积分数为70%时,采用AB-8大孔吸附树脂对北五味子藤茎总三萜进行纯化效果最优。经过AB-8树脂纯化,产品的洗脱率达90.52%,纯度达34.26%。该工艺简单可行,可较好地纯化北五味子藤茎总三萜。     

Simultaneous determination of nine lignans using pressurized liquid extraction and HPLC-DAD in the fruits of Schisandra chinensis

The pressurized liquid extraction and HPLC-DAD was developed for extraction and determination of bioactive lignans in Schisandra chinensis. The efficient PLE conditions employed methanol as extraction solvent, 125 °C of extraction temperature, 5 min of static extraction time and only one cycle. A rapid HPLC-DAD method was described for simultaneous determination of nine lignans, including schisandrol A, gomisin J, schisandrol B, tigloylgomisin H, angeloylgomisin H, schisandrin A, γ-schisandrin, gomisin N and schisandrin C. The extraction efficiency of PLE was observed to be comparable with reflux and sonication. In addition, the contents of nine lignans in S. chinensis from different regions were analysed by PLE and HPLC-DAD method.     

北五味子多糖提取条件及其抗氧化性能

运用响应曲面法优北化五味子多糖超声辅助乙醇提取条件,并对其抗氧化性能进行了研究。结果表明:乙醇浓度,料液比,提取温度对北五味子多糖提取率有显著影响,采用Box-Behnken响应面技术得到最佳提取条件为:乙醇体积分数(X1)=54.7%、料液比(X2)=1∶25、提取温度(X3)=58℃;其他条件为:超声功率200W,提取时间40 min,提取次数2次。在此条件下,北五味子多糖相对提取率为87.12%(n=3),优于传统的水提法和醇提法。北五味子多糖具有较强的抗氧化性能。     

五味子多糖的分离纯化及清除自由基研究

应用水提醇沉以及多种方法除蛋白,从五味子果实中获得一种粗多糖SCP-B Ⅱ.SCP-B Ⅱ经DEAE-Cellulose 52和Sephadex G-200柱层析后得到单一组分SCP-B Ⅱ.应用化学发光法对SCP-B Ⅱ的清除·OH和O-2·的能力进行了研究,结果表明:SCP-B Ⅱ对·OH和O-2·均具有明显的清除能力.     

小血藤总黄酮的提取研究

运用索式回流提取法、碱提酸沉法、水浴浸提法提取小血藤根、茎、叶中总黄酮,以硝酸铝显色法测定其总黄酮的含量。进一步以正交试验法研究适宜小血藤根的索氏法提取条件,结果表明:小血藤根、茎、叶不同部位的总黄酮提取,均以索式回流提取法为最好;以石油醚在50℃下回流2h去脂多次,85%乙醇按料液比为1:15于70℃下提取3h,测得小血藤根、茎、叶中总黄酮含量分别为1.67%、0.94%、2.35%。     

五味子色素的提取工艺优化及其稳定性研究

以五味子色素提取液中花色素苷含量为指标,乙醇浓度、提取时间、料液比、提取温度为考察因素,在单因素实验基础上利用响应面方法优化五味子色素提取工艺,并以色素色度为指标,研究五味子色素的稳定性。结果表明,以55%浓度乙醇为提取液,按1∶20 g/mL的料液比,在80℃下提取80 min,五味子色素提取量最大,为11.89 mg/L。五味子色素稳定性实验表明:五味子色素光稳定性较好;蔗糖、抗坏血酸对色素有稳定、增色作用;五味子色素易被双氧水氧化;在酸性、中性和弱碱性条件下五味子色素较稳定,强碱条件下颜色改变;Ca2+、Mg2+、Na+、K+对色素稳定性无明显影响,Al3+对色素稳定性有破坏作用,Fe3+、Cu2+对色素稳定性有保护作用。     

北五味子木脂素对小鼠酒精性肝损伤的保护作用

目的：研究北五味子木脂素（Schisandra chinensis lignans,SCL）对酒精诱导小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用并初步探讨其作用机制。方法：将50 只小鼠随机分为正常对照组、酒精性肝损伤模型组、SCL低剂量组（25 mg/（kg•d））、SCL高剂量组（50 mg/（kg•d））、阳性对照组（联苯双酯150 mg/（kg•d））,灌胃给药预处理15 d。末次给药1 h,造模组小鼠给予50%乙醇12 mL/kg一次性灌胃,正常对照组给予同体积蒸馏水。12 h后处死小鼠,检测血清中谷丙转氨酶（alanine aminotransferase,ALT）和谷草转氨酶（aspartate aminotransferase,AST）活性,甘油三酯（triglyceride,TG）水平,肝组织中丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）、还原型谷胱甘肽（glutathione,GSH）含量及一氧化氮合酶（nitric oxide synthase,NOS）活性;HE染色观察肝脏病理学改变。结果：SCL可明显降低酒精致肝损伤小鼠血清ALT和AST活性以及TG水平（P＜0.05）,同时使小鼠肝组织MDA含量和NOS活性显著下降,GSH含量提高（P＜0.05）;苏木素-伊红染色结果显示SCL可显著改善酒精引起的小鼠肝细胞水肿、坏死,中央静脉充血等病理损伤。结论：SCL对小鼠酒精性肝损伤具有明显的保护作用,其机制可能与抗氧化有关。     

薄层扫描法同时测定南、北五味子提取物中四种木脂素的含量

目的:建立同时测定南、北五味子提取物中四种主要木脂素含量的方法。方法:分别采用乙醇、超临界CO2提取南、北五味子中的木脂素,采用GF254板,展开剂为正己烷-醋酸乙酯(8:3),双波长薄层扫描(λS=220nm,λR=340nm)测定南、北五味子提取物中五味子醇甲、酯甲、甲素和乙素的含量。结果:五味子醇甲点样量于0.44～1.54μg,酯甲点样量于0.60～2.10μg,甲素点样量于0.52～1.82μg,乙素点样量于0.48～1.68μg范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系,相关系数R分别为0.9986、0.9960、0.9997和0.9962,平均回收率分别为104.5%、95.0%、96.1%和102.1%,5次测定的RSD分别为4.0%、2.8%、2.6%和1.9%。超萃提取物中四种木脂素含量均高于醇提物。结论:本法简便、快速、精密度较好,可用于同时测定五味子提取物中四种主要木脂素含量。     

Content and Color Stability of Anthocyanins Isolated from Schisandra chinensis Fruit

In this work, a multivariate study based on Box-Behnken Design was used to evaluate the influence of three major variables affecting the performance of the extraction process of Schisandra chinensis anthocyanins. The optimum parameters were 5.5 h extraction time; 1:19 solid-liquid ratio and 260 r/min stirring rate, respectively. The extraction yield of anthocyanins was 29.06 mg/g under the optimum conditions. Moreover, many factors on the impact of heating, ultrasound, microwave treatment and ultraviolet irradiation on content and color stability of anthocyanins from Schisandra chinensis fruit were investigated. The results show that thermal degradation reaction of anthocyanins complies with the first order reaction kinetics, and the correlation coefficient is greater than 0.9950 at 40–80 °C. Ultrasound and microwave treatment has little effect on the stability of anthocyanins, and the extraction time of ultrasound and microwave should be no more than 60 min and 5 min, respectively. The anthocyanins degradation effect of UVC ultraviolet radiation is greater than UVA and UVB; after 9 h ultraviolet radiation, the anthocyanins content degradation of UVC is 23.9 ± 0.7%, and the ΔE* was changed from 62.81 to 76.52 ± 2.3. Through LC-MS analysis, the major composition of Schisandra chinensis anthocyanins was cyanidin-3-O-xylosylrutinoside.