Biofortification with selenium and lithium improves nutraceutical properties of major winery grapes in the Midwestern United States

Enriching the micronutrients, selenium (Se) and lithium (Li), in grapes to improve their nutraceutical properties were implemented by foliar application of organic fertiliser rich in Se and Li onto five grape cultivars. The effects of this biofortification on vine vigour, fruit quality, overall micronutrients and phenolic compounds also were investigated. Agronomic biofortification was found greatly increased the Se and Li content in the whole grape by multiple times, meanwhile it did not significantly affect the vine vigour and fruit quality of grapes. However, the biofortification did impact the Ionome (including all the mineral nutrients and trace elements) and phenolic compounds in grapes and this varied among cultivars. This study demonstrated foliar spray of organic Se/Li fertiliser was a very effective strategy to biofortify these micronutrients in grape berries, particularly in the skin, and therefore might be a promising strategy to increase the consumption and awareness of these grapes.     

Nonenzymic browning during storage of white hard grape pekmez (Zile pekmezi)

Effects of storage period on hydroxymethylfurfural, pH and colour were studied in white hard grape pekmez (Zile pekmezi), a Turkish traditional product. Pekmez samples were stored at 20 °C for 8 months. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences in hydroxymethylfurfural, pH, L, a and b values (P<0.01) based on storage time.     

多灰度级显示器上的曲线绘制

光栅扫描显示器的屏幕是由位置固定的，离散的象素点所组成的，因而在其上生成的曲线只能是实际曲线的某种近似表示，并不是很美观的，例如有曲线的阶梯效应及曲线亮度不均度等问题，该文说明利用多灰度光栅显露器可以在一定程度上解决这些问题，并且用给出的主些算法绘制曲线时，可以较好地解决上述问题，这些算法在动画制作中也可有典型的应用。     

山西煤焦流通市场化改革建议

本文分析了山西在推进煤炭流通市场化过程中面临的机遇及现行体制弊端,提出建立更加适合市场经济的煤焦流通体制的若干建议。     

山西塔儿山地区金成矿的构造控制因素

本文通过分析晋南塔儿山地区的构造特征，探讨了该区金成矿作用的构造控制因素。     

山西省水资源开发利用对策措施

通过对山西省水资源状况及面临的水资源形势分析，提出了山西省水资源开发和利用的对策。山西省在未来10年内水资源开发利用应继续遵循“西引黄河，东抓蓄调，腹部盆地节调并举”的战略思想，只有加强以农田水利为重点的农村基础设施建设，继续抓好大中型水利工程的立项建设，鼓励支持社会各方力量兴办中小型水利工程，加强农业节水工程建设，推广农业高效用水技术，才能使山西省大部分地区的水资源短缺状况将得到极大改善，为全省国民经济和社会可持续发展提供支撑和保障。     

Nephelometric study of salivary protein–tannin aggregates

Grape seed procyanidins were fractionated through different degrees of polymerisation, and human saliva was purified and separated into two fractions: one was mostly α‐amylase and the other was essentially proline‐rich proteins (PRPs). The interaction of these proteins with the procyanidin compounds was assayed using nephelometry, and the influence of several factors was investigated, such as degree of polymerisation, pH and concentrations of both protein and tannin. The same experiments were performed with bovine serum albumin (BSA). The amount of insoluble aggregates, resulting from the formation of polyphenol–protein aggregates, increased quickly up to a maximum value which thereafter remained practically unchanged. pH was set at 5.0 for all further assays, since it was the nearest value to that encountered in human saliva (pH 5.6–7.9), where proteins were stable and had a maximum ability to bind and precipitate procyanidin oligomers. These proteins were shown to have a strong affinity for procyanidin oligomers and were unable to resolubilise the polyphenol–protein aggregates when present in excess. PRPs required a much lower content to bind all the tannins (400 µg of procyanidin oligomers) than BSA and especially α‐amylase (48, 60 and 132 µg respectively). The procyanidin's ability to bind PRPs, BSA and α‐amylase increased with its average molecular weight. This ability increased regularly for PRPs up to 4500 Da, whereas the ability to bind the globular proteins decreased beyond 3400 Da. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry     

层析法分离提取葡萄籽原花青素的进一步研究

以吸附量和解吸率为指标,比较了7种大孔吸附树脂对原花青素的静态吸附解吸性能并考查了AB—8树脂对原花青素的吸附特性及机理。实验结果表明:AB—8树脂是较理想的吸附剂;在溶液中AB—8树脂对原花青素的吸附达到平衡的时间为240 min,吸附行为符合Langmuir等温方程;最佳动态吸附参数原花青素提取液浓度4.0 mg/mL,吸附流速2 BV/h(1BV=13.03 mL)用40%乙醇溶液洗脱。AB—8树脂适合于柱层析操作分离原花青素。     

水土保持措施对汾河水库泥沙淤积的影响

对山西省汾河水库1962～2008年淤积情况的分析结果表明:水库淤积量总体呈减小趋势。汛期降水量和来水量是造成水库淤积的主要原因,实施水土保持措施可减少水库淤积。     

山西省国定贫困县农村饮用水卫生安全调查与检测评价

山西省国定贫困县农村饮水安全工程水质普查于2016年12月进行,为期40天,共普查9924处饮水工程,检测指标19项,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》进行了水质安全评价,全省贫困县饮水安全率达82.0%,其中太原市农村饮水安全率最高(97.8%),吕梁市农村饮水安全率最低(68.5%),主要水质超标项目为氟化物、硫酸盐、总硬度、硝酸盐。针对普查出的影响水质不安全因素,本文提出了加强宣传、加大农村饮水工程资金投入力度、增加不达标指标的处理设施等建议,本次农村饮水普查唤醒了广大农村的饮水安全意识,增加了各级政府对贫困县农村饮水安全的重视力度。