5个不同产区地理标志辣椒营养成分分析

目的 探究5个不同产区(高台、宝鸡、安集海、丘北和甘谷)地理标志辣椒果实的品质特点及营养成分。方法 采用食品安全国家相关标准规定的方法测定感官指标和营养品质指标。结果 不同地理标志辣椒的果实长度、果肩宽及果肉厚度等感官特性存在一定差异,其中甘谷辣椒果实最长,丘北辣椒果肩宽和果肉厚度最大。分析营养成分时发现甘谷辣椒中粗纤维、维生素C、反式辣椒红素和不挥发性乙醚提取物含量最高,分别为25.64%、45.76 mg/100 g、17.02 g/kg和7.93%;宝鸡辣椒中可溶性糖、脂肪及可溶性固形物含量最高,分别为0.38%、8.50 g/100 g、63.00%;高台辣椒中总辣椒碱和硒含量最高,分别为0.18%和1.81 mg/kg;;安集海辣椒钙含量最高,达到了1.42 g/kg,丘北辣椒铁和胡萝卜素含量最高,分别为76.40 mg/kg和35.67 mg/100 g。主成分分析发现,提取的前3个主成分累计贡献率为80.8889%,对果实营养品质影响最大。第一主成分特征向量中载荷较高的营养物质有脂肪、反式辣椒红素、不挥发性乙醚提取物,第二主成分特征的硒、钙、维生素C的载荷较大,第三主成分...     

新型基质分散挤压萃取-高效液相色谱法测定辣椒粉中6种苏丹红色素

目的 建立新型基质分散挤压萃取-高效液相色谱法(matrix dispersion squeezing extraction-high performance liquid chromatography, MDSE-HPLC)测定辣椒粉中苏丹红色素的方法。方法 样品与分散剂混匀后、加入提取剂充分研磨,通过挤压收集提取溶剂,经Al2O3固相萃取柱净化,采用高效液相色谱法进行检测,外标法定量。结果 6种苏丹红色素在1.20~9.60 μg/g浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.9989,方法检出限为0.10~0.15 μg/g,定量限为在0.30~0.45 μg/g范围内。样品在3个水平加标浓度(1.0、5.0、10.0 μg/g)下的平均回收率为72.0%~102.4%,相对标准偏差为1.9%~6.8%。结论 本方法简单新颖、成本低、污染少,能快速有效提取目标物,准确度和精密度符合要求,可用于辣椒粉中的6种苏丹红色素的检测。     

野山椒泡鸭掌加工工艺研究

本文介绍了采用预调制的泡制液浸泡鸭掌的加工工艺,对关键步骤进行了较为详细的说明。同时制定了该产品的感官、理化和微生物标准,对影响产品质构的保脆和杀菌方式进行了探讨。结果表明,在0～4℃条件下,鸭掌经泡制液浸超过24小时后真空包装,成品具有泡山椒特有风味,口感爽脆,经94℃杀菌45分钟,常温下保质期可达60天。     

A rapid HPLC method for determination of Sudan dyes and Para Red in red chilli pepper

A rapid high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system consisting of an ultraviolet-visible (UV–VIS) detector was developed for the separation and determination of Sudan dyes (I, II, III, and IV) and Para Red in red chilli peppers. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a reverse phase C₁₈ column with isocratic elution, using a mobile phase of acetonitrile/methanol (80:20, v/v); detector was set at 506 nm. All four Sudan dyes and Para Red were separated in less than 9 min. Among 80 red chilli peppers screened, only one of them contained 0.10, 0.04, and 0.05 mg/kg Sudans I, III, and IV, respectively. No Sudan II and Para Red were detected in any of the red chilli peppers analysed. The method was ‘in-house’ validated using red chilli peppers based on following criteria: limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), recovery, repeatability, reproducibility, and linearity in red chilli peppers. Depending on the dye involved, LOD and LOQ were in the range of 1.2–5.4 and 4–18 μg/kg in red chilli, respectively. The recovery, repeatability (expressed as coefficient of variation, CV_r), and reproducibility (CV_R) varied from 89 to 98%, from 0.82 to 4.09%, and from 1.33 to 4.65%, respectively. Linearity obtained for all dyes and Para Red were all r² > 0.9999 (in the range of 0.01–5 mg/l). The applicability of the method to the determination of Sudan dyes and Para Red in red chilli peppers was demonstrated. This method has potential to be used for illegal Sudan dyes and Para Red in red chilli peppers and some foodstuffs due to its simple, reliable, rapid, and excellent precision.     

栅栏技术在发酵辣椒保藏中的应用研究

为了保藏发酵辣椒,同时保证其风味及口感不被破坏,对发酵辣椒栅栏保藏技术进行研究。通过单因素试验和正交试验考察真空度、脱氢乙酸钠添加量、Nisin添加量、杀菌温度和时间对发酵辣椒保藏性的影响,确定最佳栅栏保藏工艺为脱氢乙酸钠添加量0.02%和Nisin添加量0.02%,抽真空度为0.09 MPa密封后,在75 ℃条件下处理10 min,此时菌落总数的对数值为2.30,感官评分为95分,总酸度为0.85%。经过该栅栏因子组合处理的产品不仅可以抑制保藏期间微生物的生长,控制产品的继续发酵,而且还有利于保证辣椒的感官品质。     

辣椒红色素的提取工艺研究

本文以红辣椒为原料,考察了提取辣椒红色素的几个影响因素,确定了提取辣椒红色素的优化条件。实验结果表明,提取的最佳条件为:提取溶剂为石油醚,原料粒度为20~40目,液固比为9:1mL/g,提取时间4h。     

激光加电场处理辣椒种子的生物效应研究

用ＣＯ２激光加静电场处理的辣椒种子，在生育期各阶段表现出的生物性状明显优于对照。     

辣椒籽中抗氧化成分的提取及抗氧化性能的研究

以辣椒籽为原料,研究了原料的预处理及不同溶剂对提取该物质中的抗氧化成分的影响及效果,发现将原料脱脂处理及用甲醇为溶剂进行提取效果最好.在此基础上,以温度、时间、料液比、甲醇浓度为影响因素,以抗氧化剂的总量为评价指标,进行L16(44)正交实验,得到辣椒籽中抗氧化成分最佳提取工艺条件为:温度45℃,浓度70%,料液比1∶3(m/V),提取时间1h.本研究还用薄层分析和紫外分析确证甲醇不溶物为有效抗氧化成分,并对猪油的抗氧化性能进行比较研究.     

Aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxins in ground red chilli pepper after drying

In this study, 180 red chilli pepper (RCP) berry samples were obtained from two different croplands of Gaziantep and Kahramanmara? (Turkey) in August, September and October. RCP berry samples were dried under sunlight and grinded. Ground red chilli pepper (GRCP) samples were analysed for aflatoxins (AFs, sum of B₁, B₂, G₁ and G₂) and AFB₁ contamination. According to the results, in 49 of 180 samples, AFB₁ and in 37 samples, AFs were higher than legal limits. The lowest amounts of AFs and AFB₁ were obtained in August and the highest amounts in October. χ² analysis showed that there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between cities among 3 months according to number of samples with AFs and AFB₁ above legal limits. According to the Duncan multiple-range test, there was no significant difference between all months. Strict measures are necessary to produce high-quality GRCP. RCP berry must be treated to reduce moulds before production of GRCP.