静态水热脱铝处理对HZSM-5分子筛的结构、酸性和催化性能的影响

开发了一种静态水热脱铝的方法。HZSM-5经此法处理后,正戊烷的裂解活性增加,脱氢和芳构化性能加强。可用改变处理温度的方法来控制脱铝的程度。用XRD和吡啶吸附红外技术进行了研究。HZSM-5分子筛催化剂性能的变化用非骨架铝产生的强L酸中心来解释。     

硅酸钠溶液水热法深度脱铝研究

以Na_2SiO_3·9H_2O、NaAlO_2和CaCl_2为原料,采用水热法将溶液中的铝转化成水化石榴石沉淀进行脱铝。通过对水热温度160℃、时间1～16h条件下得到的粉体进行X射线衍射和扫描电镜分析,得到硅酸钠溶液深度脱铝的最佳条件。结果表明,水热1h,反应体系中Ca_5Si_6O_(16)(OH)_2、Ca_5Si_6O_(16)(OH)_2·8H_2O和低铝水化石榴石Ca_5Si_5Al(OH)O_(17)·5H_2O絮状混合沉淀大量生成;当水热时间为10～12h时,体系中同时存在高铝水化石榴石Ca_(2.93)Al_(1.97)Si_(0.64)O_(2.56)(OH)_(9.44)与低铝水化石榴石Ca_5Si_5Al(OH)O_17·5H_2O物相,铝脱除率可达98.05%,可实现反应体系的深度脱铝。     

Hydrothermal Chemistry Involved in Developing Practical Y Type Zeolite Catalysts

ＨｙｄｒｏｔｈｅｒｍａｌＣｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙＩｎｖｏｌｖｅｄｉｎＤｅｖｅｌｏｐｉｎｇＰｒａｃｔｉｃａｌＹＴｙｐｅＺｅｏｌｉｔｅＣａｔａｌｙｓｔｓＨｅＭｉｎｇｙｕａｎ，ＳｈｕＸｉｎｇｔｉａｎ，ＭｉｎＥｎｚｅ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＰｅｔｒ...     

盐渍海蜇脱铝研究及安全食用建议

目的采用不同弱酸浸泡盐渍海蜇脱铝,探讨海蜇产品铝含量超标安全风险,研究降低海蜇产品铝含量的食用方法。方法采用高纯水、盐酸、冰醋酸、柠檬酸以及食用醋5种不同溶液分别浸泡不同铝含量的盐渍海蜇除去盐渍海蜇中的铝,分析实验前后铝含量及观察实验前后样品感官变化。结果水浸泡法对降低海蜇中残留铝的效果有限;盐酸与柠檬酸溶液有较好的脱铝效果,但脱铝后海蜇样品韧性变差,品质下降;冰醋酸与食用醋溶液有较好的脱铝效果,且脱铝后海蜇样品有光泽,柔软饱满、有弹性,冰醋酸浓度为0.1 mol/L浸泡4h时和食用醋浓度为体积比1/9浸泡4 h,是最佳的浸泡浓度及时间,脱铝后海蜇样品铝含量符合SC/T3210-2001《盐渍海蜇皮和盐渍海蜇头》中明矾含量使用规定。结论建议生产者在生产即食海蜇时增加冰醋酸溶液浸泡工序,消费者在食用盐渍海蜇时进行食用醋溶液浸泡,以降低铝残留危害。     

用EDTA脱铝控制NaY沸石硅铝比的探讨

本文用EDTA作为NaY沸石的脱铝剂,制备出具有不同硅铝比的脱铝NaY沸石。考察了EDTA的加入量和pH对脱铝程度的影响。测定了脱铝沸石样品的IR吸收光谱、Cu~( )离子交换度和对水的吸附能力。结果表明,在pH=1～2条件下脱铝程度是与加入的EDTA量成线性关系,可根据需要控制脱铝NaY沸石的硅铝比。     

Liquid-phase degradation of polyethylene wax over mordenite catalysts with different Si/Al molar ratios

The catalytic liquid-phase degradation of polyethylene wax into fuel oil was studied using mordenite catalysts with various Si/Al molar ratios prepared by dealumination. The total yield of gas and liquid products showed a volcano plot along the Si/Al molar ratio of mordenite. No significant change was observed in the composition of the liquid product for all catalysts used in this study. Fast deactivation was anticipated on the mordenite catalysts with low Si/Al molar ratios such as 5 and 10, due to pore blocking by the carbon deposited on the external surface of the zeolite. A high activity and a long catalyst life were obtained on the mordenite catalyst with a Si/Al molar ratio of 12.     

超稳Y分子筛改性的研究进展

本文从超稳Y分子筛的制备与改性两个方面综述了超稳Y分子筛(USY分子筛)的研究进展,对改性的超稳Y分子筛的二次孔体积、比表面积、水热稳定性、酸量和酸强度等方面进行总结,并对USY分子筛改性研究的重点及发展方向进行了展望.     

Alkaline modification of ZSM-5 catalysts for methanol aromatization: The effect of the alkaline concentration

The effects of alkaline treatment on the physical properties of ZSM-5 catalysts and on their activities for methanol to aromatics conversion have been investigated. A mild alkaline treatment (0.2 and 0.3 mol/L NaOH) created mesopores in the parent zeolite with no obvious effect on acidity. The presence of mesopores gives the catalyst a longer lifetime and higher selectivity for aromatics. Treatment with 0.4 mol/L NaOH decreased the number of Brønsted acid sites due to dealumination and desilication, which resulted in a lower deactivation rate. In addition, more mesopores were produced than with the mild alkaline treatment. As a result, the lifetime of the sample treated with 0.4 mol/L NaOH was almost five times that of the parent ZSM-5. Treatment with a higher alkaline concentration (0.5 mol/L) greatly reduced the number of Brønsted acid sites and the number of micropores resulting in incomplete methanol conversion. When the alkaline-treated catalysts were washed with acid, some of the porosity was restored and a slight increase in selectivity for aromatics was obtained.     

草酸脱铝NaY分子筛结晶度变化规律

针对多级孔Y型分子筛制备过程中酸处理步骤易造成结晶度损耗的问题,重点研究了酸处理NaY分子筛的结晶度变化情况。以草酸溶液处理NaY分子筛,采用XRD、XRF、29Si MAS NMR、27Al MAS NMR等手段对处理后的Y分子筛进行表征,系统考察了酸浓度、处理温度、处理时间、水/筛比（酸溶液与分子筛的质量比）对NaY分子筛草酸脱铝过程的影响,全面归纳了NaY分子筛结晶度随处理条件的变化规律,得出了可以保留更高结晶度的酸处理条件。结果表明：延长酸处理时间,增大水/筛比,可以使NaY分子筛在保证脱铝程度的同时获得更高的结晶度。     

USY分子筛表面酸性的调变及其在催化脱除芳烃中烯烃的应用

详细论述了柠檬酸对USY分子筛的改性作用,以脱除高溴指数芳烃中烯烃的反应为例对其催化活性进行了评价。实验结果表明:0.2mol/L柠檬酸溶液酸性适宜,对分子筛的骨架铝以及非骨架铝进行了有效的脱除,脱除的铝在分子筛中以无定形的非骨架铝形式存在。柠檬酸改性过程可使分子筛的介孔面积以及介孔孔容增大,这十分有利于减缓分子筛的失活速率。柠檬酸改性过程使分子筛表面的强B酸减少,强L酸增多,这有助于减缓分子筛上积炭的生成速率。经过柠檬酸改性的USY分子筛对脱除芳烃中微量烯烃的催化效果明显高于目前工业中在用的普通白土和改性白土。再生实验说明,经3次焙烧再生后,改性分子筛的活性依然在90%以上,具有很好的可再生性。