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排序方式: 共有226条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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目前阿维菌素以高效性、无污染和低抗药性等特点而得到广泛应用,但是其稳定性较差,易降解导致使用量较大从而造成浪费。为解决上述问题,本文以半纤维素为基体,利用原位聚合法制备阿维菌素载药微囊(HDCM),通过制备条件、热降解性、储存稳定性和释放动力学研究,确定了HDCM的载药量、热稳定性及释放性能。结果表明,在芯壁比为1∶34(质量比),温度为65℃,pH为3.5的制备条件下,HDCM的载药量可达66.5%,粒径较小且分散均匀。HDCM的热降解性能和恒温热稳定性能较阿维菌素原药有所提高,最高热分解温度从261℃增加到272℃,阿维菌素原药10h后降解率达到12.1%,而载药量为66.5%的HDCM降解率仅为5.2%。HDCM的释放机理满足Fick扩散,阿维菌素原药在水中的累积释放率在12h之内达到83.8%,而HDCM的累积释放率在24h之后才有所增大,12h内其释放率仅为33.7%,表明HDCM具有极好的缓释性能。 相似文献
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综述了基于纤维素和半纤维素的先进材料,如:智能材料、功能材料、高性能材料等。并简要介绍了这些先进材料的制备方法和特点。 相似文献
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Valdeir Arantes Adriane Maria Ferreira Milagres 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2006,81(3):413-419
The involvement of catechol and hydroxamate chelators, along with hydrogen peroxide and Fe3+, in the degradation of cellulosic and hemicellulosic substrates was examined with the purpose of improving our current knowledge of the non‐enzymatic mechanisms involved in wood biodegradation by fungi. It could be demonstrated that a catechol chelator‐mediated Fenton reaction not only clearly degraded hemicellulosic substrates but also significantly accelerated and increased the effectiveness of degradation reactions. On the other hand, when a hydroxamate chelator‐mediated Fenton reaction was used, an inhibitory effect was observed. When cellulosic substrates underwent a chelator‐mediated Fenton reaction, no significant difference in degradation was observed between catechol and hydroxamate chelator‐mediated reactions. However, a catechol‐mediated reaction did accelerate the degradation of cellulosic substrates at the beginning of reactions. In addition, it was observed that with a chelator‐mediated Fenton reaction, oxidation of cellulose proceeds depolymerization. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Yu Huang Zhiguo Wang Linshan Wang Yuesheng Chao Takuya Akiyama Tomoya Yokoyama 《木材化学与工艺学杂志》2016,36(1):56-62
In our previous studies on the relationships between lignin structure and hemicellulose composition in a wide range of hardwood species, we showed that the higher the syringyl ratio, the higher the xylan/mannan ratio. In this study, the relationship of the syringyl ratio and xylan/mannan ratio was further studied using fractions obtained by stepwise extraction of finely milled beech wood by use of aqueous dioxane and subsequent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/LiCl solvents with increasing LiCl concentration. Each soluble fraction obtained with a different LiCl concentration was compared with the corresponding insoluble residue, and it was shown that both the syringyl ratio and xylan/mannan ratio were always higher in the insoluble fraction. To analyze polysaccharides closely located with lignin, milled wood lignin (MWL), and cellulolytic enzyme lignin (CEL) obtained by enzyme treatment after DMSO/LiCl swelling were investigated. Although the xylan/mannan ratio of MWL was higher, that of CEL with more than 80% lignin yield was lower. 相似文献
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Kinetic modeling of hemicellulose hydrolysis in the presence of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts 下载免费PDF全文
Tapio Salmi Dmitry Yu. Murzin Päivi Mäki‐Arvela Bright Kusema Bjarne Holmbom Stefan Willför Johan Wärnå 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2014,60(3):1066-1077
Kinetic models were developed for the hydrolysis of O‐acetyl‐galactoglucomannan (GGM), a hemicellulose appearing in coniferous trees. Homogeneous and heterogeneous acid catalysts hydrolyze GGM at about 90°C to the monomeric sugars galactose, glucose, and mannose. In the presence of homogeneous catalysts, such as HCl, H2SO4, oxalic acid, and trifluoroacetic acid, the hydrolysis process shows a regular kinetic behavior, while a prominent autocatalytic effect was observed in the presence of heterogeneous cation‐exchange catalysts, Amberlyst 15 and Smopex 101. The kinetic models proposed were based on the reactivities of the nonhydrolyzed sugar units and the increase of the rate constant (for heterogeneous catalysts) as the reaction progresses and the degree of polymerization decreases. General kinetic models were derived and special cases of them were considered in detail, by deriving analytical solutions for product distributions. The kinetic parameters, describing the autocatalytic effect were determined by nonlinear regression analysis. The kinetic model described very well the overall kinetics, as well as the product distribution in the hydrolysis of water soluble GGM by homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. The modelling principles developed in the work can be in principle applied to hydrolysis of similar hemicelluloses as well as starch and cellulose. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 60: 1066–1077, 2014 相似文献
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米糠半纤维素对面团流变学特性的影响(Ⅱ) 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
面团流变学特性试验及面包烘焙试验研究结果表明,米糠碱溶性半纤维素具有独特的改变面团流变学特性的作用,将其添加面粉中制作高纤维面包是可行的,它不但可以提高面包的纤维含量,而且还可增中面包的营养价值。 相似文献
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C?t?lin Voiniciuc Bo Yang Maximilian Heinrich-Wilhelm Schmidt Markus Günl Bj?rn Usadel 《International journal of molecular sciences》2015,16(2):3452-3473
For more than a decade, the Arabidopsis seed coat epidermis (SCE) has been used as a model system to study the synthesis, secretion and modification of cell wall polysaccharides, particularly pectin. Our detailed re-evaluation of available biochemical data highlights that Arabidopsis seed mucilage is more than just pectin. Typical secondary wall polymers such as xylans and heteromannans are also present in mucilage. Despite their low abundance, these components appear to play essential roles in controlling mucilage properties, and should be further investigated. We also provide a comprehensive community resource by re-assessing the mucilage phenotypes of almost 20 mutants using the same conditions. We conduct an in-depth functional evaluation of all the SCE genes described in the literature and propose a revised model for mucilage production. Further investigation of SCE cells will improve our understanding of plant cell walls. 相似文献
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