三七红曲复方制剂遗传毒性评价

目的 评价三七红曲复方制剂的遗传毒性.方法 通过细菌回复突变试验(Ames试验)、小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验和小鼠睾丸染色体畸变试验组合的方式评价三七红曲复方制剂的遗传毒性.结果 Ames试验中,在8～5000μg/皿剂量范围内,TA97a,TA98,TA100,TA102和TA1535的回复突变菌落数与溶媒对照组比较无统计...     

恶霉灵毒性研究

报道了恶霉灵急性经口、经皮毒性,蓄积毒性,微核和睾丸初级精母细胞染色体畸变试验的研究结果。恶霉灵对小白鼠经口ＬＤ５０为２７１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ,经皮ＬＤ５０＞１００００ｍｇ／ｋｇ,蓄积毒性属于弱蓄积性,微核和睾丸初级精母细胞染色体畸变试验为阴性。     

吲熟酯致突变作用试验研究

吲熟酯浓度为 1、1 0、1 0 0、50 0、和 1 0 0 0 μg/皿 ,在加S9或不加S9的试验条件下 ,对TA97、TA98、TA10 0 、TA10 2 四个菌株进行Ames试验 ,结果表明 ,各浓度组的MR值均小于 2 ;以剂量为 2 0、1 0 0、2 0 0和 4 0 0mg/kg体重 ,进行小鼠微核试验 ,观察各剂量组小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率结果与对照组比较均未见引起显著性增加 (p >0 .0 5) ;以剂量为 4 0 0、80 0、1 0 0 0mg/kg体重进行小鼠睾丸精母细胞染色体畸变试验 ,各剂量组的染色体畸变细胞率分别为0 .80 %、0 .80 %和 1 .2 % ,与对照组比较均无显著性差异 (p >0 .0 5)。三项试验的结果均表明吲熟酯未显有致突变作用。     

Genotoxicity tests of poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride)-coated silver nanoparticles in vivo and in vitro

Nanosilver is thought to hold potential for use in medical materials. The safety of newly developed poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride)-coated silver nanoparticles (SMA-AgNPs) requires investigation. In this study, three in vitro and in vivo experiments for investigating genetic toxicity–the Ames test, a micronucleus assay, and a chromosome aberration test–were conducted. Results from the Ames testing showed SMA-AgNPs to have a negative effect, either with or without S9 metabolism. In addition, SMA-AgNPs increased the number of reticulocytes and micronuclei in reticulocytes at 48 and 72 h after treatment. Indeed, SMA-AgNPs induced significant changes in the chromosomal aberration rate in CHO-K1 (Chinese hamster ovary cell clone K1) cells. In conclusion, SMA-AgNPs did cause DNA damage in terms of chromosomal aberration and may have a potential genotoxic effect in certain applications.     

京杭大运河常州段的水质测定与防治

利用蚕豆根尖细胞微核技术检测京杭大运河流经常州市区五个地段水质的致突变性,结果发现1号(怀德桥地段)、2号(广化桥地段)、3号(政成桥地段)、4号(同济桥地段)、5号(朝阳桥地段)均受到了不同程度的污染,已经不能满足饮用水源、游泳、灌溉(瓜果蔬菜收获前一周)、渔业养殖等功能的需要。     

东紫苏致突变作用的研究

目的研究东紫苏是否具有致突变作用。方法采用平板掺入法Ames试验,设每皿5000、1000、200、40、8μg剂量组,同时设阴性、阳性对照组,观察每皿回变菌落数。微核及精子畸形试验设5000、2500、1250 mg/kg·BW 3个剂量组、阴性对照组及阳性对照组。微核试验采用30 h、2次给受试物法,检测骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率。精子畸形试验于首次染毒后第35 d处死动物,观察精子畸形率。结果与阳性对照组比较,东紫苏各剂量组在Ames试验中未呈现致突变性,骨髓细胞微核试验及小鼠精子畸变试验结果均为阴性,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在本实验条件和剂量范围内,未发现东紫苏有致突变性作用。     

生活污水对蚕豆根尖细胞致畸效应的研究

以蚕豆根尖为材料,采用蚕豆根尖细胞的微核试验和染色体畸变试验方法,研究不同取样点生活污水对蚕豆根尖细胞的致畸效应.结果表明:生活污水能诱发微核率升高,而且在一定范围内,其微核率随污染物浓度升高而增加,但高于一定浓度后有下降趋势;不同取样点的污水均使蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂指数下降;生活污水还能诱导蚕豆根尖细胞产生较高频率的染色体畸变.所以生活污水蚕豆根尖细胞具有明显的致畸效应.     

Evaluation of chlorite and chlorate genotoxicity using plant bioassays and in vitro DNA damage tests

In the last few years chlorine dioxide has been increasingly used for disinfecting drinking water in many countries. Although it does not react with humic substances, chlorine dioxide added to water is reduced primarily to chlorite and chlorate ions, compounds that are under investigation for their potential adverse effects on human health. The aim of this research was to study the genotoxicity of chlorite and chlorate and their mixtures. The end-points included two plant tests (chromosomal aberration test in Allium cepa and micronucleus assay in Tradescantia, carried out at different times of exposure) and two genotoxicity tests in human HepG2 cells (comet assay and cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus test). Preliminary toxicity tests were carried out for both plant and HepG2 assays. The results showed that chlorite and chlorate are able to induce chromosomal damage to plant systems, particularly chromosomal aberrations in A. cepa root tip cells, even at concentrations lower than the limit established by Italian normative law and WHO guidelines. In HepG2 cells increased DNA damage was only observed for chlorate at the lowest concentration. No increase in micronuclei frequency was detected in any of the samples tested in human HepG2 cells.