一种磁性介孔硅纳米探针及其对Fe~(3+)的识别和脱除

制备了一种可用于Fe~(3+)检测和脱除的香豆素类磁性介孔硅纳米探针MMS-C,通过TEM、FT-IR、XRD、N2吸附手段表征了其结构。性能测试结果表明,MMS-C在甲醇中对Fe~(3+)表现荧光猝灭的响应和较高的识别选择性。此外,MMS-C对Fe~(3+)具有一定的脱除能力,脱除率为38.9%。     

A Novel Nanoprobe for Multimodal Imaging Is Effectively Incorporated into Human Melanoma Metastatic Cell Lines

To facilitate efficient drug delivery to tumor tissue, several nanomaterials have been designed, with combined diagnostic and therapeutic properties. In this work, we carried out fundamental in vitro and in vivo experiments to assess the labeling efficacy of our novel theranostic nanoprobe, consisting of glycogen conjugated with a red fluorescent probe and gadolinium. Microscopy and resazurin viability assays were used to study cell labeling and cell viability in human metastatic melanoma cell lines. Fluorescence lifetime correlation spectroscopy (FLCS) was done to investigate nanoprobe stability. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed to study T₁ relaxivity in vitro, and contrast enhancement in a subcutaneous in vivo tumor model. Efficient cell labeling was demonstrated, while cell viability, cell migration, and cell growth was not affected. FLCS showed that the nanoprobe did not degrade in blood plasma. MRI demonstrated that down to 750 cells/μL of labeled cells in agar phantoms could be detected. In vivo MRI showed that contrast enhancement in tumors was comparable between Omniscan contrast agent and the nanoprobe. In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time that a non-toxic glycogen-based nanoprobe may effectively visualize tumor cells and tissue, and, in future experiments, we will investigate its therapeutic potential by conjugating therapeutic compounds to the nanoprobe.     

Determination of hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity of phenolic acids by employing gold nanoshells precursor composites as nanoprobes

A series of phenolic acids were tested for their ability to scavenge hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) by using a novel enzyme-free, spectrophotometry assay. Gold nanoshells (GNSs) precursor composites were selected as the optical nanoprobes. The approach was based on the H₂O₂-induced growth of GNSs, which combines nanoscience with food/health research as an innovative detection scheme. The addition of phenolic acids inhibits the formation of complete GNSs and the corresponding peak wavelength changes rationally, which could be used as an optical signature. Among the tested samples, caffeic acid is found to be the most efficient H₂O₂-scavenger with its H₂O₂-scavenging activity being 125 × 10⁻³ μM⁻¹, whereas trans-cinnamic acid exhibits the weakest activity (0.73 × 10⁻³ μM⁻¹). Results obtained were considered on the basis of structure–activity relationships. Additionally, several tea and herb extracts were also evaluated. The presented wavelength-based detection method shows superiority in evaluating coloured samples, which avoids background interference compared with the conventional absorbance-based optical methods.     

Gradient Magnetic Separation and Fluorescent Imaging-Based Heterogeneous Circulating Tumor Cell Subpopulations Assay with Biomimetic Multifunctional Nanoprobes

The heterogeneity of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) greatly impacts cancer metastasis and malignancy, contributing to increased mortality. Therefore, the analysis of such heterogeneity is essential to clinical diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of patients. Though varied, the types and expression levels of proteins on heterogeneous CTCs enable specific recognition and separation. Accordingly, herein the sequential magnetic separation and fluorescence visualization-based assay of heterogeneous CTCs after the model tumor cells of BT474^Her2+++, LNCaP^PSMA++, and MDA-MB-231^Vim+ binding with corresponding antibody-modified biomimetic fluorescent-magnetic nanoprobes with different magnetic sensitivities is reported. These nanoprobes-bound cell subpopulations are specifically recognized and magnetically separated at different time points under an external magnetic field with good capture performance within several minutes. Moreover, a low detection limit of 1 cell mL⁻¹ in blood sample could be achieved. Consequently, the as-proposed strategy based on gradient magnetic separation, fluorescent imaging, and biomimetic membrane, shows promise for clinical applications.     

The Relationship between Chemical Flexibility and Nanoscale Charge Collection in Hybrid Halide Perovskites

Hybrid organometal halide perovskites are known for their excellent optoelectronic functionality as well as their wide‐ranging chemical flexibility. The composition of hybrid perovskite devices has trended toward increasing complexity as fine‐tuned properties are pursued, including multielement mixing on the constituents A and B and halide sites. However, this tunability presents potential challenges for charge extraction in functional devices. Poor consistency and repeatability between devices may arise due to variations in composition and microstructure. Within a single device, spatial heterogeneity in composition and phase segregation may limit the device from achieving its performance potential. This review details how the nanoscale elemental distribution and charge collection in hybrid perovskite materials evolve as chemical complexity increases, highlighting recent results using nondestructive operando synchrotron‐based X‐ray nanoprobe techniques. The results reveal a strong link between local chemistry and charge collection that must be controlled to develop robust, high‐performance hybrid perovskite materials for optoelectronic devices.     

Three dimensional measurement of nanostructures by single event TOF-RBS with nuclear nano probe

Single, double and triple-layer test structures were measured by time of flight (TOF) Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) for checking the sensitivity and resolution. A single-layer nanostructure with Au stripes on a Si substrate was resolved by TOF-RBS measurement within a short time of 256 s. The spatial resolution, measured by the edge of the Au stripes, was 42 nm. Another single-layer nanostructure with Pt stripes fabricated by electron beam (EB) induced deposition on a Si substrate was resolved by TOF-RBS measurement even at a thickness of Pt stripes less than one mono-layer. Ga embedded layers implanted by a focused ion beam under the Pt stripes fabricated by EB induced deposition on a Si substrate could be detected for a double-layer nanostructure. Furthermore, a triple-layer nanostructure with two Pt stripe layers isolated by a SiO₂ layer fabricated by EB induced deposition on a Si substrate could be resolved and cross-sections shown.     

In Vivo Immunotoxicity of SiO2@(Y0.5Gd0.45Eu0.05)2O3 as Dual-Modality Nanoprobes

We have successfully synthesized SiO₂@(Y_0.5Gd_0.45Eu_0.05)₂O₃ nanocomposites as a potential dual-modality nanoprobe for molecular imaging in vitro. However, their immunotoxicity assessment in vivo remains unknown. In this article, the in vitro biocompatibility of our dual-modality nanoprobes was assayed in terms of cell viability and apoptosis. In vivo immunotoxicity was investigated by monitoring the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cluster of differentiation (CD) markers and cytokines in Balb/c mice. The data show that the in vitro biocompatibility was satisfactory. In addition, the immunotoxicity data revealed there are no significant changes in the expression levels of CD11b and CD71 between the nanoprobe group and the Gd in a diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) chelator (Gd-DTPA) group 24 h after injection in Balb/c mice (p > 0.05). Importantly, there are significant differences in the expression levels of CD206 and CD25 as well as the secretion of IL-4 and the generation of ROS 24 h after injection (p < 0.05). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that few nanoprobes were localized in the phagosomes of liver and lung. In conclusion, the toxic effects of our nanoprobes may mainly result from the aggregation of particles in phagosomes. This accumulation may damage the microstructure of the cells and generate oxidative stress reactions that further stimulate the immune response. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the in vivo immunotoxicity of these rare earth-based biomaterials at the molecular level before molecular imaging in vivo.     

达氟沙星残留生物条形码检测技术的建立

将达氟沙星多克隆抗体和条形码DNA链同时修饰在金纳米颗粒表面用于制备纳米金复合探针（NP）,达氟沙星单克隆抗体与磁性颗粒相结合制备磁性探针（MMP）,待上述两种探针制备成功后与达氟沙星标准品进行杂交反应,同时发挥磁场作用固定MMP,除去未结合的NP探针,最后将标记在金纳米复合探针上的DNA链释放出来,对收集释放的DNA链应用微孔板银染的生物条形码技术进行检测间接得到达氟沙星的残留量,该检测方法不需要昂贵的仪器设备,普通实验室利用酶标仪即可完成全部实验操作,操作简单,检测速度快,其检测灵敏度要优于传统的酶联免疫吸附法。结果表明,在0.05~50 ng/mL范围内检测达氟沙星的最低检出限IC15为3.62 ng/mL,其检测灵敏度是常规免疫检测方法的100倍。本方法实现了对达氟沙星残留的超高灵敏度检测,同时本方法也可应用于其它类抗生素的高效快速检测,因此,本方法的建立具备一定的实用性。