MBR处理制药废水中动力学参数测定

根据膜生物反应器的特点,利用Lawrence-McCarty模式建立了膜生物反应器处理废水时的污泥增殖动力学模型和底物降解动力学模型,并根据MBR处理诺氟沙星制药废水的试验运行数据计算出了动力学常数Y、Kd、Vmax、和Ks,分别为0.31、0.01、0.32、270.22。     

诺氟沙星合成方法的改进

1-乙基-6-氟-7-氯-1,4-二氢-4-氧代喹啉-3-羧酸与哌嗪在聚乙二醇催化下反应,以高收率得到诺氟沙星。     

Solubilities of norfloxacin in ethanol, 1‐propanol,acetone, and chloroform from 294.15 to 318.15 K

The solubilities of norfloxacin in ethanol, 1‐propanol, acetone, and chloroform have been determined from 294.15 to 318.15 K by a static equilibrium method. The experimental results showed that the solubilities of norfloxacin in ethanol, 1‐propanol, acetone, and chloroform were all small, and increased slightly with the increase of the temperature, respectively. Under the same temperature, the decrease order of solubility of norfloxacin in the different solvents is 1‐propanol, chloroform, ethanol, and acetone. The experimental data were correlated with the modified Apelblat equation.     

土壤类型、温度和pH值对诺氟沙星吸附的影响

通过静态吸附实验,研究了黏土、壤土和砂土3种土壤对诺氟沙星的吸附行为,考察了温度和pH值对诺氟沙星吸附的影响.结果表明,3种土壤对诺氟沙星的吸附等温线均能较好地符合Freundlich吸附模式;303.15 K时诺氟沙星有机质吸附常数Kom平均值为14.475,吸附自由能△G为-7.549～-5.284 kJ·mol-1.     

诺氟沙星片在中国健康受试者空腹和餐后状态下生物等效性研究#br#

目的：采用随机、开放、两周期、自身交叉、单次给药试验设计比较浙江医药股份有限公司新昌制药厂生产的诺氟沙星片与原研产品BACCIDAL在中国健康人体中的生物利用度,并评价两种制剂的生物等效性。方法：分别在空腹和餐后条件下,健康受试者随机交叉单剂量口服诺氟沙星片受试制剂或参比制剂100 mg,采用液相色谱-质谱串联（LC-MS/MS）法测定受试者服药前后不同时间点血浆内药物浓度,采用WinNonlin 7.0软件计算主要药代动力学参数,并评价两种制剂的生物等效性。结果：空腹试验共有28例受试者入组并完成试验,诺氟沙星受试制剂与参比制剂的Cmax分别为（607.62±125.24）ng/mL和（552.01±134.11）ng/mL;AUC0-t分别为（2 551.66±509.08）ng·mL-1·h和（2 429.98±460.47）ng·mL-1·h;AUC0-∞分别为（2 675.40±523.04）ng·mL-1·h和（2 557.68±485.43）ng·mL-1·h;t1/2分别为（6.07±0.69）h和（6.18±0.92）h;两种制剂的Cmax、AUC0-t和AUC0-∞几何均值比的90%置信区间分别为101.45%～121.94%、98.96%～111.27%、98.82%～110.76%。餐后试验共有28例受试者入组并完成试验,诺氟沙星受试制剂与参比制剂的Cmax分别为：（256.54±58.87）ng/mL和（300.80±94.67）ng/mL;AUC0-t分别为（1 314.74±349.92）ng·mL-1·h和（1 278.60±314.77）ng·mL-1·h;AUC0-∞分别为（1 413.73±361.98）ng·mL-1·h和（1 374.98±321.62）ng·mL-1·h;t1/2分别为（6.66±1.23）h和（6.66±1.34）h;两种制剂的Cmax、AUC0-t和AUC0-∞几何均值比的90%置信区间分别为81.42%～93.56%、99.61%～105.58%、99.80%～105.21%。结论：浙江医药股份有限公司新昌制药厂生产的诺氟沙星片与原研产品BACCIDAL在中国健康受试者空腹和餐后服用的状态下等效且安全性良好,临床上可以替换使用。     

Research and application of fluorescence system on norfloxacin-terbium-phen-SDBS

Fluorescence characteristics of complex system of rare earth terbium (Tb 3+ ), norfloxacin, 1,10-phenanthroline(1,10-phen) and surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) had been studied by using fluorescence spectroscopy. In a buffer solution (pH=6.3), the fluorescence intensity of the norfloxacin-Tb 3+ (NFLX-Tb 3+ ) system had been remarkably enhanced by SDBS and 1,10-Phen. When excited at 335 nm, a good linear relationship between fluorescence intensity of NFLX-Tb 3+ system and NFLX concentration was obtained in the range of 8×10 -8 -4×10 -6 mol/L, and the linear equation was F=2×10 8 C NFLX +22.7 with correlation coefficient of 0.9959. In addition, this method was compared with some previous literatures, the proposed method had relatively higher sensitivity and lower detect limit. The method was simple, rapid, sensitive, practical and suitable for direct analysis of pharmaceutical preparation. It was successfully applied to determine the capsules, human serum and urine in real pharmaceutical samples.     

Effect of bismuth tungstate with different hierarchical architectures on photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin under visible light

The photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin by bismuth tungstate (Bi₂WO₆) with different hierarchical architectures was investigated under visible light irradiation. Bi₂WO₆ was prepared by hydrothermal method with the reaction solution pH ranging from 4 to11. The relatively ultrathin Bi₂WO₆ nanoflakes prepared at pH 4 showed excellent adsorption and photodegradation efficiency towards norfloxacin. The characterization results showed that Bi₂WO₆ prepared at pH 4 had a larger specific area and faster photo-generated carrier separation rate. The decay rate reached the maximum in weak alkaline reaction solution, which could be attributed to the presence of moderate OH^? anions. The present study demonstrated that the smaller size of Bi₂WO₆ could be an efficient photocatalyst on the degradation of norfloxacin in the aquatic environment.     

Y-N-TiO_2/凹凸棒土光催化剂制备及性能研究

以钛酸丁酯为钛源、硝酸钇和二乙醇胺为改性剂原料,凹凸棒土为载体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了凹凸棒土负载的Y-N-TiO_2/凹凸棒土光催化剂,通过IR和XRD对其结构进行表征。考察了焙烧温度、催化剂用量、溶液pH值、光照条件等因素对光催化剂降解诺氟沙星性能的影响。结果表明,Y、N掺入了TiO_2晶格,其中部分TiO_2进入了催化剂载体凹凸棒土的层间并通过化学键与其成功复合。500℃焙烧的催化剂中锐钛矿型TiO_2比例相对较高,表现出最优的光催化活性,当催化剂用量为2g/L,溶液pH值为6,在可见光或太阳光下反应2h后,该催化剂对25mg/L的诺氟沙星降解率分别达89.6%和91.3%。此外,该催化剂易于回收,再生性良好。     

诺氟沙星单克隆抗体的制备及初步应用

采用优化的碳二亚胺法制备诺氟沙星（NOR）人工抗原,紫外扫描和红外光谱图表明人工抗原偶联成功。采用细胞融合技术筛选抗NOR单克隆抗体（NORmAb）杂交瘤细胞株,体内诱生腹水法制备NORmAb,建立间接竞争ELISA（icELISA）标准曲线。结果表明,筛选的3株杂交瘤细胞分泌的抗体为IgG1亚型,具k轻链;建立的icELISA标准曲线在PBS中的的线性检测范围为0.04～43.6ng/mL,IC50值为0.62ng/mL,检测限（LOD）为0.02ng/mL;抗体与环丙沙星（87.2%）、培氟沙星（76.9%）、依诺沙星（66.8%）、恩诺沙星（48.6%）和洛美沙星（36.6%）有较高的交叉反应率;禽肉基质中NOR添加回收率满足检测要求。