超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定蕨菜中原蕨苷的含量

目的建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,UPLC-MS/MS)测定蕨菜中原蕨苷的含量。方法以DNA加合物为指导分离原蕨苷对照品,采用Agilent Zorbax Extend C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm),以乙腈和超纯水为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为0.4 m L/min,柱温30℃,多反应模式监测,内标法定量。结果原蕨苷在进样质量浓度范围内呈现良好的线性关系(r2=0.9967),平均加标回收率为91.17%~93.03%,相对标准偏差为5.60%~6.91%。结论该方法快速、灵敏度高、专属性好,可用于测定蕨菜中原蕨苷的含量。     

Ontogenic variation of biologically active metabolites ofPteridium aquilinum (L. Kuhn) pterosins A and B,and ptaquiloside in a bracken population of the tropical andes

A negative correlation has been found between the amounts of pterosins A and B and ptaquiloside per biomass unit, and the growth stage of the blade of bracken. Their concentration decreased progressively from the crozierto the mature frond, where it attained less than 5% of the initial value. The growth was measured following the total blade length, its height, moisture content, and time of emergence from the soil surface. Quantitation of these compounds was achieved by HPLC using a water extraction, methylene chloride treatment, and silica gel microcolumn cleanup sequence. Pterosins were unevenly distributed in the blade, whereas ptaquiloside maintained a constant concentration throughout. Rhizomes contained only minor amounts of these compounds. Their possible role as semiochemicals in bracken is discussed.     

Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum)—toxic effects and toxic constituents

Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum L Kuhn) is one of the most successful weeds of the world. In the UK it covers almost 700 000 ha, and is expanding its area by 1–3 % per annum. Not only does bracken limit the usefulness of marginal land but toxic principles in the plant may cause serious illness and even death in stock animals consuming its rhizomes or fronds. Bracken-derived acute thiamine deficiency disorders occur in pigs and horses, and acute haemorrhagic syndrome, bovine enzootic haematuria and ‘bright blindness’ are all responsible for significant losses of livestock. A great deal of research has resulted in the isolation and identification of a number of natural components of bracken, and the evaluation of their biological effects using laboratory animal models and farm livestock has been carried out in detail. One compound contributing significantly to the toxicity of bracken is the carcinogenic and mutagenic norsesquiterpene, ptaquiloside. The effects on stock and laboratory animals of bracken, its extracts or ptaquiloside are discussed in this paper; the risk to human health from consumption of bracken fronds, milk and dairy products containing bracken carcinogens or their metabolites and drinking water supplies containing bracken leachates is considered from the standpoint of the UK and beyond. Options for the control of bracken are described briefly, and the final section indicates areas of bracken research deserving of further study.