Effects of added Cd on Cd uptake by oilseed rape and pai-tsai co-cropping

The experiment was designed to study whether the decrease of Cd in the rhizosphere of Zhongyouza Ⅰ,one breed of oilseed rapes （Brassicajunica） that can hyperaccumulate cadmium from the soil, can improve the living condition of less Cd-tolerant plant pai-tsai （Brassia chinensis） with their roots permitted to intermingle and develop coincident rhizosphere. The extent of rhizosphere interactions between Zhongyouza Ⅰ and pai-tsai was controlled by different root barriers, or without barrier. The results show that in the 10 and 20 mg/kg Cd treated soils, pai-tsai gets higher shoot mass and less Cd accumulation in its shoot than in the barrier treatments or in the mono cultures, when its roots are permitted to intermingle with those of Zhongyouza Ⅰ. Meanwhile, soil decontamination rates of Zhongyouza Ⅰ are not affected much by co-cropping with pai-tsai, they are 80.0% and 91.8% of that in the mono cultures of Zhongyouza Ⅰ, respectively. However, the co-cropping method in meliorating the living condition of pai-tsai is not obvious when Cd concentration in soil reaches 40 mg/kg, and soil decontamination rate decreases to 0.14, which is 58.3% of that in the mono culture. These results indicate that the oilseed rape Zhongyouza Ⅰ may alleviate Cd toxicity of surrounding less-tolerant species, and its ability of phytoremediation is not affected much at the same time, especially in the middle polluted soil.     

低浓度含铀废水处理技术的研究进展

各种人为因素使得环境中的铀及其化合物越来越多,对水体造成了放射性污染。在分析环境中低浓度铀来源的基础上,介绍了对低浓度铀污染水体进行处理的最新技术,并着重探讨了应用植物修复技术处理铀污染的研究现状与发展趋势。     

清除土壤重金属污染的植物修复技术

根据清除土壤重金属污染的机理不同，植物修复技术可分为植物固定、植物挥发和植物提取3种基本类型．与传统的土壤重金属污染治理技术比较，该技术存在成本低、利于环保、方便操作等优点，但同时也存在修复速度慢、受环境条件限制等局限性．今后研究的重点：寻找超累积植物并研究重金属富集的机理；通过基因工程发展植物修复技术；通过物理、化学和生物方法强化植物修复技术，如发展对环境安全的化学添加剂．     

How do the plants used in phytoremediation in constructed wetlands,a sustainable remediation strategy,perform in heavy‐metal‐contaminated mine sites?

This review draws on knowledge for the treatment of heavy‐metal leachate in contaminated mine sites. Mine waste rock dumps and tailings generate a continuous stream of metalliferous and saline leachate over the long term. The mining industry has many legacy sites, which have compromised aquatic ecosystems and groundwater because of heavy‐metal contamination. Chemical and engineering methods are available and have been extensively utilised. However, these methods require intensive energy and often produce substantial volumes of secondary waste. We therefore argue in favour of phytoremediation as a sustainable remediation strategy leading towards efficient and sustainable metal removal and immobilisation through constructed wetlands.     

植物修复铬污染土壤的研究进展

铬污染土壤的植物修复技术以其经济、高效和生态友好等优点成了众多修复技术中的佼佼者。文章归纳总结了土壤铬污染的来源及危害、铬污染土壤的植物修复以及植物与微生物的联合修复的最新进展,探讨了植物修复铬污染土壤存在的问题,展望了其发展趋势。     

放射性重金属污染水体的植物修复技术

分析水体中放射性重金属的来源,探讨影响植物修复放射性重金属污染水体的因素,对用于修复放射性重金属污染水体的植物种类、修复机制和主要技术进行综述,并对研究方向作出展望.     

甲基叔丁基醚的降解技术研究进展

随着汽油添加剂甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE）的普及使用和用量增加,其对环境和人体的危害受到了人们的普遍重视。主要介绍了MTBE在污染环境中的检测分析方法和降解技术研究进展,包括：物理吸附和曝气吹除、化学降解、生物降解和植物修复技术。分析了各种技术的原理及特点后指出,化学和生物降解MTBE可以将其对环境的危害降低到最低限度,是在修复由MTBE污染的环境时优先考虑的处理技术。     

重金属污染土壤的植物修复研究进展

土壤污染是全球面临的一个亟待解决的环境问题。近年来,植物修复技术迅速发展为主要用于清除土壤重金属污染的生态技术。文章介绍了土壤重金属污染的特性、危害及其治理方法。重点介绍了植物修复技术,并探讨了今后植物修复技术的发展前景。     

Use of native species and biodegradable chelating agents in the phytoremediation of abandoned mining areas

BACKGROUND: The application of phytostabilization and assisted phytoextraction to the remediation of abandoned mining areas can be a valuable method to reclaim these areas without modifying soil and landscape characteristics. An in situ application of a continuous phytoextraction technique was carried out in the area of Campo Pisano (Sardinia, Italy), followed by a laboratory assisted phytoextraction test using the biodegradable chelating agents methylglycine diacetic acid (MGDA) and iminodissuccinic acid (IDSA). The plants used were Scrophularia canina subsp. bicolor, Cistus salviifolius and Teucrium flavum subsp. glaucum. RESULTS: The plant that accumulated more Pb was T. glaucum (353 mg kg^?1) while C. salviifolius demonstrated better ability to accumulate Zn (1560 mg kg^?1). S. bicolor showed a better tolerance to metals but accumulated 119 mg kg^?1 of Pb. Accumulation of metals immediately after chelant application was up to 300 mg kg^?1 of Pb and 3000 mg kg^?1 of Zn which did not further increase during the assisted phytoextraction experiment. CONCLUSION: The plant that demonstrated to be most suitable for phytoremediation application was S. bicolor due to its higher biomass production and tolerance to metals. The low cation exchange capacity and the high concentration of Ca and Mg in soil determined a low chelant effectiveness. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

Phytoremediation: the state of rhizosphere ‘engineering’ for accelerated rhizodegradation of xenobiotic contaminants

Phytoremediation has emerged as the method of choice for cleaning up a broad range of environmental contaminants. One process through which plants render some xenobiotic organic contaminants innocuous in soil involves plant–microbe interactions in which root exudates stimulate entire microbial communities, or induce specific enzymes in competent individuals to cause enhanced rhizodegradation. For some contaminants these inherent processes can be slow; however, potentials exist for their improvement through rhizosphere manipulations. Although this requires a greater understanding than currently exists with respect to plant and microbe components and interactions involved in the biodegradation of xenobiotic contaminants, improved understanding is being achieved by advances in biochemical and molecular characterization, and visualization of rhizosphere phenomena. In combination with earlier knowledge of naturally‐occurring plant–microbe interactions such as the opine concept, this new knowledge considerably improves the opportunities for manipulating rhizosphere interactions to greatly accelerate rhizodegradation for routine practical implementation in the field. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry