Designed damping controller for SSSC to improve stability of a hybrid offshore wind farms considering time delay

This paper presents the stability improvement results of hybrid doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based and permanent magnet generator (PMG)-based offshore wind farms (OWFs) using a static synchronous series compensator (SSSC). An adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) controller of the proposed SSSC is designed to render adequate damping characteristics to the studied system. A frequency-domain approach based on a linearized system model using eigenvalue technique analysis is performed. A time-domain scheme based on a nonlinear system model subject to a three-phase short circuit fault at infinite bus with variations in the signal transmission delays has also been investigated to compare the damping of the studied system in cases of with and without controller. The simulation results with MATLAB/SIMULINK toolbox have been presented. It can be concluded from the simulation results that the proposed SSSC joined with the designed ANFIS damping controller can offer adequate damping performance to the studied hybrid DFIG-based and PMG-based OWFs under severe disturbance.     

ABB变频器在双馈发电机试验台上的应用

本文介绍了风力发电系统目前存在的技术方案，重点介绍了ABB用于双馈式风力发电系统的变频产品ACS800—67的特性，并对由其构建的发电机测试平台的案例进行了实验分析。     

Monolithic SiGe Up‐/Down‐Conversion Mixers with Active Baluns

The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation of monolithically matching circuits, interface circuits, and RF core circuits to the same substrate. We designed and fabricated on‐chip 1 to 6 GHz up‐conversion and 1 to 8 GHz down‐conversion mixers using a 0.8 µm SiGe hetero‐junction bipolar transistor (HBT) process technology. To fabricate a SiGe HBT, we used a reduced pressure chemical vapor deposition (RPCVD) system to grow a base epitaxial layer, and we adopted local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS) isolation to separate the device terminals. An up‐conversion mixer was implemented on‐chip using an intermediate frequency (IF) matching circuit, local oscillator (LO)/radio frequency (RF) wideband matching circuits, LO/IF input balun circuits, and an RF output balun circuit. The measured results of the fabricated up‐conversion mixer show a positive power conversion gain from 1 to 6 GHz and a bandwidth of about 4.5 GHz. Also, the down‐conversion mixer was implemented on‐chip using LO/RF wideband matching circuits, LO/RF input balun circuits, and an IF output balun circuit. The measured results of the fabricated down‐conversion mixer show a positive power conversion gain from 1 to 8 GHz and a bandwidth of about 4.5 GHz.     

The sinuous antenna-A dual polarized feed for reflector-based searching systems

The sinuous antennas have a numerous applications in military and civil systems such as direction finding systems and reflector feeds due to their superior broadband characteristics and simultaneous polarization capability. In this paper, design, construction and measurements of planar sinuous antennas are investigated for 1–5 GHz frequency range. Feeding sections of this antenna are realized by using microstrip tapered baluns. We have determined the microstrip tapered balun dimensions using Ansoft HFSS-simulation program. The performances of the manufactured antenna are measured using HP vector network analyzer. Polarization patterns and return loss characteristics of the designed antenna that have been measured in anechoic chamber, are presented.     

风力发电与变流器

讨论了目前流行的两种主流风力发电系统：变速恒频双馈风力发电系统和永磁直驱同步风力发电系统。着重分析了两种风电变流器的拓扑结构、工作原理和性能特点,对风力发电系统发电机、变流器、无功支持和低电压穿越能力等方面进行了论述。     

Intelligent control of doubly‐fed induction generator systems using PIDNNs

An intelligent control for a stand‐alone doubly‐fed induction generator (DFIG) system using a proportional‐integral‐derivative neural network (PIDNN) is proposed in this study. This system can be applied as a stand‐alone power supply system or as the emergency power system when the electricity grid fails for all sub‐synchronous, synchronous, and super‐synchronous conditions. The rotor side converter is controlled using field‐oriented control to produce 3‐phase stator voltages with constant magnitude and frequency at different rotor speeds. Moreover, the grid side converter, which is also controlled using field‐oriented control, is primarily implemented to maintain the magnitude of the DC‐link voltage. Furthermore, the intelligent PIDNN controller is proposed for both the rotor and grid side converters to improve the transient and steady‐state responses of the DFIG system for different operating conditions. Both the network structure and online learning algorithm are introduced in detail. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed control scheme is verified through experimentation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society     

双馈异步发电机序阻抗建模简化方法

新能源发电系统的序阻抗模型广泛应用于系统的稳定性分析和谐振分析。双馈异步发电机进行序阻抗建模时可以使用电机的电压和磁链方程或等效电路。虽然等效电路使建模过程得以简化,但是其建立的模型忽略了励磁支路的影响,且没有对简化的条件进行分析,使此类建模方法的使用产生困难。因此,基于是否计及励磁支路的电机等效电路,利用谐波线性化方法建立了双馈异步发电机转子侧的序阻抗模型,在此基础上分析两种阻抗模型之间的差异并明确简化模型的使用条件。仿真结果验证了所建立序阻抗模型的准确性,分析表明当电机的励磁支路阻抗远大于定转子阻抗时,简化模型可代替准确模型。     

双馈风力发电机控制策略的仿真研究

变速恒频双馈风力发电机组主要工作在同步速附近,在这一运行区域转子励磁电流频率很低(同步速时为0),通过转速来调节转子励磁频率很难保证双馈发电机输出功率的稳定.通过对东北新能源公司大连驼山风电厂东汽FD77E型风机实际运行情况的研究分析,将DTC技术应用到双馈风力发电机的控制领域.首先对直接转矩控制技术进行了理论分析,阐述了它的工作原理和系统结构,进而推导出控制方程,并给出了具体的控制框图,然后利用MATLAB进行了仿真研究,仿真结果验证了理论分析和提出的策略是可行的.     

基于等效转子电压的双馈感应发电机灭磁控制

针对电网电压故障引起的双馈感应发电机磁链弱阻尼振荡问题,提出一种采用等效转子电压的双馈感应电机灭磁控制策略。分析电网电压故障激起的双馈感应电机定子磁链的暂态过渡过程,建立定子磁链状态方程;通过求解状态方程的特征根和定子磁链的振荡频率及阻尼比,在转子电压前馈补偿项的基础上引入定子磁链的微分反馈项,得到等效转子电压参考值,并研究了其改善磁链欠阻尼特性和加快暂态磁链衰减的机理。最后,双馈感应发电机的仿真结果表明,本文方法可以较好地抑制故障期间的磁链振荡冲击,有利于双馈风电机组故障穿越能力的提高。     

基于双馈风机变桨与变速协调的频率控制

为了改善大规模风电并网给电网频率带来的不利影响,基于双馈风电机组的控制特性,结合转子动能与备用功率控制的特点,提出一种频率分段控制的备用功率与转子动能相协调的多层次、多周期、多环节的联合调频控制方法.电网频率发生偏移时,风机既能快速释放或吸收转子动能,又能调节桨距角,实现风电机组的频率控制.在电力系统仿真软件中搭建供电网络模型,并结合实际电网运行情况进行仿真,仿真结果表明,该方法使得风电机组对频率变化具有快速响应能力,可有效改善电网的频率特性,为双馈风电机组安全稳定并网提供了可借鉴的依据.