高强、高透明、紫外屏蔽细菌纤维素复合膜的制备与性能

本研究以细菌纤维素（BC）为主要原料,通过折射率匹配原理制备具有高透明度的聚乙烯醇（PVA）/BC复合膜,并进一步与环氧树脂（EP）复合,减小复合膜表面的粗糙度,从而降低其雾度,制备了高强、高透明且疏水的PVA/BC/EP复合膜。结果表明,PVA/BC/EP复合膜比纯BC膜具有更光滑的表面和更致密的结构,雾度低,光透过率达90%;由于PVA、BC和EP之间存在相互作用,复合膜的拉伸强度高达177.1 MPa,表面疏水性也得到明显提高。引入碳量子点可赋予复合膜良好的紫外光屏蔽性能,为高强度、高透明度及紫外屏蔽多功能膜材料的应用提供了新思路。     

木质素/TiO2复合纳米颗粒合成及纳米纤维素基紫外屏蔽膜制备

本研究利用碱木质素作为生物模板诱导剂,通过水热法成功合成了一种具有良好紫外屏蔽性能的木质素/TiO_2复合纳米颗粒。结果表明,木质素/TiO_2复合纳米颗粒具有锐钛矿晶型、良好的纳米粒径和热稳定性。同时,证实了木质素的含氧官能团和TiO_2表面羟基发生类酯化反应,从而使木质素与TiO_2形成包覆嵌顿式结构的复合材料。在此基础上,研究了木质素/TiO_2复合纳米颗粒与纳米纤维素水凝胶制备薄膜材料的抗紫外性能。结果表明,添加质量分数10%的木质素/TiO_2复合纳米颗粒的纳米纤维素薄膜在全紫外线波段(200～400 nm)吸收了约90%的紫外线,表明木质素/TiO_2复合纳米颗粒具有良好的紫外屏蔽能力。     

Transparent Photochromic Wood Composites Incorporating AgBr Nanoparticles for UV-shielding Applications

Transparent wood (TW) is a wood-based biomaterial with several advantages, such as high optical transmittance, low thermal conductivity, and tunable haze. TW is functionalized according to its transparency to broaden its applications in different fields. Several studies have examined wood functionalization in recent years; however, few studies have reported photochromic TW (PTW) for ultraviolet (UV) -shielding window applications. Herein, PTW was obtained by infiltrating the delignified wood template with photochromic silver bromide (AgBr) nanoparticles and a pre-polymerized methyl methacrylate (MMA) mixture solution. The obtained PTW can adjust the luminous flux on change in the color in the visible light region. The photochromic properties were examined, and the optical properties of the composites were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Light transmittance of PTW was up to 86.5% at 800 nm before UV irradiation, and it decreased to 70.1% at 800 nm after UV irradiation, as the wood color changed from colorless to dark purple under UV irradiation. Thus, this work not only achieves high-value utilization of wood, but also produces a new material that can be used in varied fields, such as UV-shielding, energy saving, and smart building.     

Highly transparent cerium doped glasses with full-band UV-shielding capacity

With thinning of the ozone layer, considerable attention has been paid to developing materials that block or reduce ultraviolet (UV) transmission. Here, bulk cerium doped glasses with relatively high transparency were successfully manufactured using the melt-quenching method. The varied ratio of Ce³⁺ and Ce⁴⁺ in glasses could be deduced by optical properties in photoluminescence excitation, emission spectra, decay curves and absorption spectra. These glasses exhibit excellent UV-blocking capacity due to the absorption of Ce³⁺ and Ce⁴⁺. Their outstanding physical and chemical stability have been demonstrated in the condition of high temperature, long-term UV radiation, strong alkali solution and acetone. Hence, our cerium doped glasses are potentially attractive candidates in UV-shielding device.     

纳米硅基氧化物用于棉织物的抗紫外功能整理

以纳米硅基氧化物SiOx为添加剂对丙烯酸薄膜和纯棉织物进行抗紫外功能整理,用U-4100紫外可见近红外分光光度计分别时丙烯酸薄膜和棉织物的光学性能进行测试分析。结果表明,添加纳米SiOx后,丙烯酸薄膜和棉织物的紫外屏蔽性和紫外反射都有显著提高。     

透明食品包装材料防紫外性能的检测与评价

对21种透明食品包装材料进行了透射光谱分析,获得了透射光谱。将紫外线透射比评价模型引入到了透明包装材料防紫外线性能的评价中,并对该评价体系进行了验证。结果表明,该评价体系能直观、可靠地评价透明包装材料防紫外线的性能。     

复合纳米TiO2-CeO2的制备及其紫外屏蔽性能

采用直接沉淀法制备了TiO2-CeO2纳米复合氧化物,分析了不同铈钛摩尔比、pH和不同反应温度对合成复合氧化物及其紫外屏蔽效果的影响。研究结果表明,采用直接沉淀法制得了面心立方结构CeO2和锐钛矿型的TiO2混合物,铈钛摩尔比为0.4时复合氧化物在250～450nm波段之间有良好的紫外屏蔽性能。     

PMMA接枝纳米ZnO复合粒子改性PVC塑料性能研究

通过原位聚合将甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）接枝于纳米ZnO表面,制备了PMMA接枝纳米ZnO复合粒子,将其加入聚氯乙烯（PVC） 基体中进行改性。研究了纳米ZnO粒子在PVC基体中的分散性和PVC复合材料的力学性能,探讨了改性纳米ZnO粒子填充PVC材料的抗紫外线性能。结果表明,改性后的纳米ZnO粒子在PVC基体中分散均匀, 提高了纳米ZnO粒子与PVC基体之间的相容性,使改性PVC材料的拉伸强度达到78 MPa,比纯纳米ZnO粒子改性PVC提高了35 %;冲击强度提高了近1倍,达到13.6 kJ/m2;加入改性纳米ZnO粒子的PVC还具有明显的吸收紫外线功能。     

TiO2／SiO2核壳结构微粒的合成及超疏水防紫外线功能织物的制备

以正硅酸乙酯为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法在纳米TiO2表面包覆SiO2壳层,制备TiO2／SiO2核壳结构复合微粒,并将其负载在涤纶织物上,然后对织物进行疏水化处理,得到具有超疏水和防紫外线双重功能的织物．采用透射电子显微镜对复合微粒进行了表征;采用扫描电子显微镜对涤纶及处理后的涤纶织物的表面形貌进行了观察;采用视频光学接触角测量仪对涤纶织物表面的润湿性能进行测试;对织物超疏水性能的稳定性以及织物的紫外线防护性能进行了研究．结果表明：TiO2／SiO2复合微粒在纤维表面的负载不仅极大地提高了纤维表面的粗糙性,有利于超疏水表面的形成,并且由于TiO2的引入使织物获得了良好的紫外线防护性能;SiO2壳层对TiO2的包覆降低了TiO2的光催化作用,从而有效地提高了超疏水表面的紫外光照射稳定性．