一种工艺过程流体强化装置

介绍了一种提高工艺过程效率的强化装置,即通过在过程设备上设置振荡装置,使过程设备内的流体产生扰动,破坏流动边界层,使流体获得附加雷诺数提高流动的湍流程度,达到强化过程设备内工艺过程的目的。该强化装置的调节弹性大,适应范围宽。调节强化装置中转子的转速、几何尺寸、空间位置和方向等参数或更换挡板形式,就能适应各种工艺过程条件。该装置可用于传热、传质及化学反应等多种过程,以提高过程效率,节约能源和资金,减小设备体积,并可将机械搅拌类的间歇过程转化为连续过程。     

Onset of gas self-induction and power consumption after gas induction in an agitated tank

The behavior of inducted gas from liquid surface and the; power requirements in an agitated tank using a mechanical agitator are studied in order to increase the amount of gas self-induction and the gas retention time for gas absorption. A 45° six-blade downward impeller turbine was utilized in this study. Air and water, air and 40 wt% 60 wt%, and 80 wt% of glycerin water, and air and 106 cP silicon oil were employed as gas and liquid phases. Variables which were studied included geometrical factors (immersed depth of impeller, baffle with and diameter of impeller) and the physical properties of the liquid (viscosity, density, and surface tension). The correlations for the onset speed of impeller and power consumption after gas induction in the agitated tank are established from our experimental results. The amount of gas self-induction from the liquid surface in the agitated tank increases with increasing impeller diameter and speed and decreases with increasing baffle width, depth of impeller and viscosity of liquid.     

城市异形排涝通道消能防冲新技术

该文针对感潮河段魁岐排涝二站?型复杂流道的不利冲刷问题,通过建立整体水工模型,研究城市异形排涝通道消能防冲新技术,提出导流坎、消力坎和消力墩联合消能防冲技术,探索其在宽幅水位变化、多工程交替运行及通航情况下的适应能力,并给出水力设计方法。研究表明,联合消能工对复杂工况适应良好,能有效解决异形排涝通道的消能防冲问题。     

高效节能换热器在氮肥工业中的应用

描述了新型折流杆换热器的强化传热和降低壳层压力降的原理 ,它与传统折流板换热器相比 ,传热效率高 ,材料及能耗小。介绍了这种新型换热器在合成氨变换工段和尿素装置中的应用情况及所起的节能降耗作用 ,指出该高效节能换热器在设计和生产中的关键技术。     

遮光罩对GEO对地激光通信系统可通率影响

地球同步卫星(GEO)对地激光通信系统具有通信速率高、保密性好等优势。但系统的光学天线暴露在星体外部,太阳照射对可通率影响严重。针对某GEO对地激光通信系统,不同长度遮光罩对太阳规避造成的可通率及比刚度影响的分析,证明增加遮光罩长度系统可通率提升效果明显。对现有遮光罩形式进行了分析与总结,简述工程中遮光罩长度的确定与限定条件,为优化设计GEO激光通信系统遮光罩及提高系统可通率提供技术基础。     

小长宽比鱼道池室水力学试验研究

鱼道水流条件是影响其过鱼效果的重要因素。在分析鱼道类型及其特点的基础上,针对应用最为广泛的竖缝隔板式鱼道,通过1∶4的大比尺局部物理模型试验,研究了各级水池长宽比小于1.0条件下的隔板布置及竖缝宽度,对比了3种布置方案,分析评价了竖缝流速指标以及池室流速分布、流态和消能特性,提出了适合小长宽比池室条件下的鱼道隔板布置型式。通过1∶12.5的鱼道整体水力学模型试验,对运行水力指标进行了验证分析,确立了减小隔板前局部水位壅高及提高竖缝流速沿程均匀性的设计原则;为适应鱼道进、出口水深的变化,从生态明渠引水补充鱼道流量,最小补水流量为0.22 m~3/s。试验结果表明,这种鱼道布置型式可推广应用到其他类似鱼道工程中。     

环翼式桥墩环翼式挡板最佳延伸长度试验

为研究环翼式桥墩环翼式挡板的最佳延伸长度,进行了不同流速和不同环翼式挡板延伸长度下环翼式桥墩的局部防冲刷试验。试验结果表明:环翼式挡板的延伸长度不同,桥墩的冲刷效果有较大的差别,当环翼式挡板的延伸长度与桥墩的半径相同时,与无挡板的桥墩相比最大冲坑深度可减小57.6%,近底垂向流速最大可减小70.4%,近底紊动强度也明显减小,防冲刷效果显著。     

INFLUENCE OF STRUCTURE ON HYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTICS OF T SHAPE FISHWAY

While dams cut off the migratory route of fish, and affect their growth and breeding, fishways are built to restore the connectivity of rivers and facilitate the life cycle of these migratory fish. This paper proposes a new kind of fishway called the "T shape fishway", and studies it by using both numerical simulations and physical experimental methods with the aim to design a fishway in China for migratory fish with swimming and jumping capability much poorer, such as schizothorax davidi and schizothorax prenanti, as compared with migratory fish in other places of the world, like trout and salmon. It is indicated that the range of velocity in each regular pool of the T shape fishway is from 0.42 m/s to 1.22 m/s when the flow discharge Q is 350 L/s, and there are no large vortex zones found there. This study shows that the T shape fishway can meet the requirements of these migratory fish quite well in terms of velocity and flow patterns in China.     

折流板开孔改进管壳式换热器性能的CFD分析

利用计算流体动力学（CFD）技术对管壳式换热器弓形折流板附近流场进行了数值模拟，发现在弓形折流板背面，有部分区域的流速较低，一定程度上存在着流动死区．采用在弓形折流板上开孔的方法后，CFD计算结果显示其传热效率提高了5．4％，壳侧压降减小了7．3％．     

灌区建筑物消能的探讨

常规的灌区消能建筑物,消能效果较差,消能效率低,容易在消力池后形成冲掏,采用综合消能不但提高消能效率,而且降低了工程规模和工程造价.