Pre-bainitic Transformation in Fe-Ni Alloy

Ｔｈｅｐｒｅ－ｂａｉｎｉｔｉｃｐｈｅｎｏｍｅｎｏｎｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｉｍ－ｐｏｒｔａｎｔｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｓｏｆｂａｉｎｉｔｉｃｔｒａｎｓｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｗｈｉｃｈｉｓｓｔｉｌｃｏｎｔｒｏｖｅｒｓｉａｌ．Ｏｎｅｖｉｅｗｉｓｔｈａｔｔｈｅｓｏｌｕｔｅａ...     

贝氏体相变理论进展近况

近年来贝氏体相变理论三个学派的研究工作均有明显进展，有些观点渐趋接近，有些观点依然存在严重分歧，各自都有亟待澄清的难题。各派间在学术上的批判反批判旨在指明探索方向和途径，发展理论，这已充分为当今相变理论研究进展事实所证明。     

应变速率对中碳低温贝氏体钢强塑性的影响

摘要：为探索低温贝氏体钢的断裂行为,研究应变速率对低温贝氏体钢TRIP效应的影响,采用不同应变速率的拉伸试验对低温贝氏体钢的强塑性进行研究。利用扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）及X射线衍射（XRD）等试验方法对低温贝氏体钢的微观组织、断口形貌及裂纹走向进行表征。结果表明,随着应变速率的提高,试验钢的屈服强度由771MPa上升至806MPa,抗拉强度由1554MPa上升至1606MPa,断后伸长率由13.5%下降至9.0%。主要原因是高应变速率拉伸引发的绝热温升抑制了残余奥氏体的马氏体相变,对试验钢塑性造成负面影响。     

TEMPERED BAINITE EMBRITTLEMENT IN SOME STRUCTURAL STEELS

The variations of microstructures and mechanical properties of steels 15CrMnMoV,18Mn2CrMoB,18Cr2Ni4W,30CrMnSi,30CrMnSiNi2 and 40CrMnSiMoV,which weretempered at different temperatures after austempering and continuous cooling at given rates,have been investigated.Based on the experimental results,the behaviour and mechanism oftempered bainite embrittlement(TBE)have been discussed.Finally,the theoretical and prac-tical basis for selecting the optimum tempering temperature of steels with bainite structure af-ter heat treatment are proposed.     

The Structure Stability of Carbide-Free Bainite Wheel Steel

Metallographic structures of carbide-free bainite steel wheel rim are mainly composed of supersaturated lath ferrite and retained austenite film among bainitic ferrite laths. It is suspected that supersaturated ferrite and retained austenite are likely to decompose under the influence of temperature change and mechanical stress. Stability of wheel rim structure is studied by means of x-ray diffraction, dye microscopy, and micro-hardness test. When the samples are tempered in the range of 150-350 °C, the retained austenite films are at the state of relative stability. Fifty percent of retained austenite is decomposed when the sample is tempered at 400 °C. Microhardness increases when the sample is tempered at 150 °C. The decrease in hardness is mild when the samples are tempered from 200 to 500 °C. The mechanical stability of retained austenite film is studied with tensile sample under the effect of tensile stress. The retained austenite appears to be stable in low and middle degree of deformation, and decomposition occurs at great amount of deformation. Diffraction peak of carbide is not found in all above experiments. The steel enriched silicon prevents the carbide precipitation during the transformation. It indicates the carbide-free bainite wheel steels have an excellent thermal and mechanical stability.     

钢中贝氏体预相变过程的研究

用扫描俄歇显微探针（ＡＥＳ）分析了６５Ｓｉ２Ｍｎ钢中温转变孕育期内碳原子的成分变化。结果表明，在中温转变孕育期等温时，奥氏体晶界附近及晶内均形成可稳定存在的贫碳区。贝氏体预相变的实质是碳原子向晶界及其他晶体缺陷扩散偏聚而形成贫碳区的过程。中温转变孕育期内形成贫碳区具有热力学及动力学可能性。     

贝氏体相变特点的研究

研究贝氏体相变的特点，弄清贝氏体相变反应与共析分解的区别极为重要。本文应用QUANTA--400环扫电镜和JEM-2010高分辨电镜观察了多种钢的珠光体和贝氏体组织形貌和亚结构。综合以往的研究资料，从表象到本质上分析了贝氏体相变的特征，阐述了贝氏体相变与共析分解的区别。认为：贝氏体相变具有过渡性特征，贝氏体相变绝非共析分解。有的学者将贝氏体相变说成是共析分解的延续，那是不正确的。从贝氏体的物理本质出发，提出了钢中的珠光体、贝氏体、共析分解、钢中贝氏体相变等重要概念的新定义。     

低碳Si-Mn系TRIP钢的热处理工艺对组织的影响

低碳Si-Mn系TRIP钢有着复杂的显微组织，主要由多边形铁素体（F）＋无碳贝氏体（B）＋残留奥氏体（AR）组成。本试验采用了彩色金相法，并结合X－ray衍射、SEM和TEM等手段研究了低碳Si-Mn系TRIP钢显微组织与工艺的关系，发现随着两相区退火温度的升高，最终显微组织中铁素体基体体积分数变小，并且贝氏体量增多，残留奥氏体的稳定性呈起伏式变化；在贝氏体转变区的等温温度过高或过低，均使最终显微组织中残留奥氏体体积分数减少；在贝氏体转变区等温时，所形成贝氏体表现出粒状的特征。     

Oxidation behavior of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel with prior tempering at different temperatures

The oxidation behavior of a normalized 2.25Cr-1Mo steel tempered previously for 10 hr at different temperatures between 873 and 1023 K has been studied up to a maximum duration of 1000 hr in air at 773–973 K. The oxidation resistance of the steel was found to decrease significantly with the temperature of tempering. Tempering of this steel is reported to cause microstructural changes involving precipitation of Cr as carbides and a decrease in the effective (free) Cr contents, that could influence the oxidation resistance of the Cr-containing alloys. Relative compositions across the thickness of the oxide scales, as analyzed by SEM/EDX and SIMS, suggest that a less Cr-rich (and less protective) and thicker scale on the steel formed because previous tempering caused extensive depletion of free Cr.     

耐磨合金钢奥-贝韧化处理研究

本文研究了一种高韧性的耐磨合金钢。通过特殊的热处理工艺，使合金钢具有较高的耐磨性的同时，还具有较高的韧性。贝氏体＋奥氏体的显微组织结构及贝氏体中铁素体与奥氏体的分布特点，是其具有高耐磨性和良好韧性匹配的主要原因。高韧性耐磨钢是一种新型的耐磨合金钢，具有极好的应用前景。