川中丘陵区一种新型小流域径流输沙模型的建立与应用

径流输沙模型对定量评价水沙的输出响应具有重要的意义。本研究在已有研究成果的基础上，通过对四川盐亭县林山西沟小流域的径流、泥沙进行现场观测与分析，提出含沙量单位线的定义及其确定方法，建立了适应该小流域的径流输沙模型。并应用实测资料进行比较，表明模型的模拟结果可靠，模拟过程确定性系数达0．8以上，为川中丘陵区小流域径流输沙过程的预测预报提供了一个新方法。     

Fe掺杂A-TiO_2在溴甲酚绿中的可见光催化活性及动力学

以FeCl_3·6H_2O为Fe源,采用水热法制备了Fe掺杂锐钛型TiO_2(A-Ti O2)光催化剂。以溴甲酚绿为降解对象,考察溴甲酚绿的初始浓度、催化剂用量、掺Fe量等因素对自制催化剂可见光催化降解反应的动力学方程的影响。结果表明:在40 W白炽灯照射下,当溴甲酚绿初始浓度为10 mg/L(pH=7)、催化剂的用量为0.6 g/L、掺Fe量为4%(摩尔分数)、室温下反应时间为3 h时,溴甲酚绿的降解率最大为76.05%。溴甲酚绿光催化降解曲线符合一级反应动力学方程,于上述最佳条件下其表观反应速率常数k达到最大值,为0.389 7 h-1。     

速冻紫薯仔的加工工艺研究

紫薯仔是以紫薯为原料加工而成的方便速食产品,本文将糖、奶油和面粉的添加量3个因素进行正交试验,结果表明,糖的比例对紫薯仔成品品质的影响最大,其次是奶油的比例,面粉在20%以下的比例范围下,对紫薯仔品质的影响最小。     

生草覆盖条件下不同降雨强度对紫色土坡面侵蚀产沙的影响

造林种草,增加植被覆盖度是防止土壤侵蚀的重要措施.通过人工模拟降雨试验,探讨生草覆盖下紫色土坡面侵蚀产沙的动态变化.结果表明,有生草覆盖的坡面径流含沙量较裸地的径流含沙量更快达到稳定状态;坡面侵蚀产沙率随覆盖度增加呈指数型递减,且坡下种草的减沙效果最好;覆盖度与降雨强度对坡面侵蚀产沙量的影响存在对比消长关系,但生草覆盖度对产沙量的影响小于降雨强度的变化对产沙量的影响.     

紫色土丘陵区典型生态-水文单元径流与氮磷输移特征

通过对紫色土丘陵区典型农业-集镇-林地复合型小流域3次降雨-径流全过程的连续监测,测定了径流过程中泥沙含量和不同形态氮磷浓度,以期认识典型农村生态-水文单元降雨径流过程中氮磷迁移规律。结果表明：降雨-径流过程中悬浮泥沙的流失主要集中在径流前期,其峰值出现在雨强最大时;集镇径流污染的影响主要表现在径流前期,是径流前期铵态氮偏高的主因;降雨-径流过程中,颗粒态氮与可溶态氮比（PN/DN）、颗粒态磷与可溶态磷比（PP/DP）的峰值均出现在雨强较大时：其中 PN/DN 多小于1,而 PP/DP 范围为1.1~30.2,说明氮素流失主要通过可溶态的方式,而磷的迁移以颗粒态磷为主。因此在紫色丘陵区建议利用湿地植物与沉砂池等综合措施控制土壤侵蚀和非点源污染以保护当地生态环境安全。     

超声波辅助提取紫甘蓝色素的工艺研究

研究了紫甘蓝色素的提取工艺．以市售紫甘蓝为原料,以超声波辅助提取紫甘蓝色素,考察提取溶剂、液固比、温度、超声波功率、提取时间以及pH等因素对提取效果的影响．通过实验可知：紫甘蓝色素的最佳提取剂为蒸馏水,以超声波辅助提取可明显提高提取率．在以蒸馏水为提取剂的条件下,紫甘蓝色素的最大吸收波长为560nm．以超声波辅助提取时,最适液固比为5：1（mL／g）,提取最适温度为50℃,超声波最适功率为70W,最适提取时间为20min．pH对紫甘蓝色素的影响较大,紫甘蓝色素在不同pH下颜色发生明显变化．     

传统流程生产超细钨粉的工艺优化

通过对不同氧化钨原料的筛选和钨粉生产传统流程工艺的优化,可以生产出BET粒度0.1μm以下的超细钨粉,并筛选出紫色氧化钨是目前以传统工艺制取超细钨粉的理想原料。     

长期施肥对紫色土酶活的影响

研究了长期施有机肥、化学氮磷钾肥及有机无机肥配施对紫色土酶活的影响。结果表明,长期不同施肥紫色土土壤酶活发生了显著变化。长期有机肥与化学NPK肥配施有利于紫色土酶活的改善。土壤有机质含量与土壤脲酶(URE)酶活、过氧化氢酶(CAT)酶活呈极显著正相关(r>0.661,p<0.01,n=14),说明土壤有机质含量是影响土壤CAT、URE酶活高低的重要因素。土壤中URE、CAT、中性磷酸酶(NEP)之间存在相互刺激作用,CAT酶活与多酚氧化酶(PPO)酶活之间存在此消彼长的关系。     

Innovative production of multistrain synbiotic product using Thai-pigmented rice and rice bran oil

This study found that the isolated probiotics Lactobacillus paracasei KUKPS6201, L. acidophilus KUKPS6107, L. reuteri KUKPS6103, L. rhamnosus KUKPS6007, L. salivarius KUKPS6202, Bacillus coagulans KPSTF02 and Saccharomyces boulardii KUKPS6005 had high potential for probiotic properties. All strains had antibacterial activity and high antioxidant activity of 1.654 ± 0.017 mg Trolox mL⁻¹ probiotic extract. The selected strains could survive in a simulated gastrointestinal tract under anaerobic conditions and showed no haemolytic activity. Furthermore, the probiotic strains were strongly auto-aggregated and also showed co-aggregated ability with pathogenic bacteria. The probiotic microorganisms demonstrated high ability to adhere to Thai-pigmented rice grains. The results of analysis of these probiotics showed that Riceberry rice bran oil was an excellent prebiotic. A synbiotic product containing Thai-pigmented rice grains (cultivar Riceberry, Luem Pua and Black Jasmine) and rice bran oil was produced. After 8 weeks of storage, the viability of the probiotics in terms of multistrains was 7.36 ± 0.04 log CFU g^–1 (85.78% survival rate). Microbiological safety testing indicated that the amounts of contaminants were acceptable. This study provided the first scientific report on the feasibility of applying Thai-pigment rice, rice bran oil and mixed-culture probiotics as a novel functional synbiotic product.     

Preparation of the Sb-containing purple conversion coating on brass

A new chemical method for preparing a purple conversion coating on brass was developed. The effect of antimonous oxide concentration and temperature on color and corrosion resistance of the conversion coating, and the change of electric potential with time on coating forming process were studied. The optimum technological conditions were 10?g/L antimonous oxide, 20?g/L copper acetate, 200?mL/L hydrochloric acid at 65°C for 3?min. Results of electrochemical and dropping experiments showed that the brass with purple conversion coating presents better corrosion resistance than bare brass. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) results showed that the conversion coating mainly comprising copper and antimony was uniform and compact.