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通过试验验证了热反应型水溶性聚氨酯F-2840E可提高“三防”(拒水、拒油、拒污)助剂TG-410H的使用性能,可提高TG-410H等部分有机氟系“三防”整理剂的耐洗性和“三防”效果,减少了“三防”助剂的用量. 相似文献
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S. E. Shalaby N. G. Al-Balakocy M. K. Beliakova O. M. Abdel-Fatah A. M. Elshafei 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2008,109(2):942-950
An effective two-stage method has been developed for imparting antimicrobial properties to regular polyethylene terephthalate (R-PET), polyethylene glycol modified polyethylene terephthalate (PEG-M-PET), R-PET/Cotton blend (R-PET/C) and PEG-M-PET/Cotton blend (PEG-M-PET/C) fabrics. The method consists of partial hydrolysis of the fabrics to create carboxylic groups in PET macromolecules followed by subsequent reaction with dimethylalkylbenzyl ammonium chloride (DMABAC) under alkaline conditions. The reaction conditions such as pH, reaction temperature and time, carboxylic content, and DMABAC concentration were studied. Characterization of the finished fabrics was carried out through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR). All the modified PET fabrics showed excellent antibacterial activity towards Gram-positive (Bacillus mycoides), Gram-negative (Escherichia coli), and nonfilamentous fungus (Candida albicans). The achieved antimicrobial functions on the PET fabrics are durable in repeated laundering processes. Even after laundering 10 times the fabrics could still provide more than 85% of its antimicrobial activity against B. mycoides, E. coli, and C. albicans. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
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为了提高天然染料对棉纤维的染色固色性能,以聚马来酸(PMA)和柠檬酸(CA)为交联剂应用于天然染料指甲醌对棉织物的交联染色。采用FTIR、SEM和XRD分析了染色前后棉织物的表面形态及结构,探讨了酯交联对棉织物性能的影响以及多元羧酸复配交联染色机理。结果表明,染色前后棉织物表面差别不大,各纤维间不粘连;直接染色后的棉纤维表面变化不明显,仅有少量染料附着,而交联染色后的棉纤维表面负载较多的染料导致其粗糙度增加,酯化反应主要发生在纤维的非晶态区。与直接染色棉织物相比,交联染色棉织物的染色深度(K/S)和上染率分别提高了88%和38%;染品的绿光、黄光增加,颜色饱和度提高;摩擦色牢度提高了1~2级;耐洗色牢度提高了1~2级;交联染色后棉织物的折皱回复角(WRA)提高了约60%,UPF值达到了50+,具有优异的抗紫外性能。 相似文献
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Cotton and cotton/polyester fabrics were treated against microbial attack by applying a formulation based essentially on ZnO under high‐energy radiation and thermal curing. To achieve the homogeneity and the reactivity of the treating formulation, a binder (Impron MTP) and a dispersing agent (Setamol WS) were used with ZnO. The antimicrobial property of the fabrics was evaluated, in terms of mechanical properties, by a soil burial test. Moreover, the effect of antimicrobial finishing on the dyeing properties in terms of color strength was investigated. It was found that the best composition that affords the best antimicrobial protection to cotton fabrics contains 2% ZnO, 2% binder, and 1% dispersing agents. For the cotton/polyester blend, the best results were achieved at the same conditions except the ZnO was 1%. It was found that the treatment under the effect of electron‐beam irradiation is better than that of gamma irradiation and thermal curing. The results showed that when the finishing process was carried out before dyeing with a reactive dye, it affects the color strength rather than performing the finishing after the dyeing process. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 1129–1137, 2003 相似文献
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甲胺基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐等对棉铃虫的室内毒力评价 总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2
采用微量点滴和夹毒叶片法测定了甲胺基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐等几种杀虫剂对棉铃虫的触杀及胃毒毒力,又采用了虫体浸渍法和食叶浸渍法测定了其对棉铃虫的室内防盗。甲胺基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐对棉铃虫有着极高的胃毒毒力,其LC50为1.0086mg/L。 相似文献
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Volatile Emissions Triggered by Multiple Herbivore Damage: Beet Armyworm and Whitefly Feeding on Cotton Plants 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:5
Plants are commonly attacked by more than one species of herbivore, potentially causing the induction of multiple, and possibly competing, plant defense systems. In the present paper, we determined the interaction between feeding by the phloem feeder silverleaf whitefly (SWF), Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (B-biotype = B. argentifolii Bellows and Perring), and the leaf-chewing beet armyworm (BAW), Spodoptera exigua Hübner, with regard to the induction of volatile compounds from cotton plants. Compared to undamaged control plants, infestation with SWF did not induce volatile emissions or affect the number and density of pigment glands that store volatile and nonvolatile terpenoid compounds, whereas infestation by BAW strongly induced plant volatile emission. When challenged by the two insect herbivores simultaneously, volatile emission was significantly less than for plants infested with only BAW. Our results suggest that tritrophic level interactions between cotton, BAW, and natural enemies of BAW, that are known to be mediated by plant volatile emissions, may be perturbed by simultaneous infestation by SWF. Possible mechanisms by which the presence of whiteflies may attenuate volatile emissions from caterpillar-damaged cotton plants are discussed. 相似文献
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新疆,山东棉区棉蚜抗药性的对比 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
本研究于1995-1996年在新疆以新疆棉蚜为试虫进行了三次测定20余种农药的LD50,对比试验了20余种农药的药效。并以全国棉蚜抗药性最高区山东省聊城棉区的抗性数据与之对比。发现新疆棉蚜的抗药性火已起步,对氰戊菊酯,涕灭威的抗性已超过山东,对久效磷,对硫磷的抗性已接近山东,吡虫啉的抗性也超过了山东。 相似文献