纳米糊精微球对头孢曲松钠的吸附及其释药性能

以糊精为原料,三偏磷酸钠为交联剂,利用反相微乳液法制备糊精纳米微球,并对头孢曲松钠的吸附载药和释药性能进行了研究。为模拟人体血液环境,选取了pH 7.4的磷酸二氢钠-磷酸氢二钠缓冲液为介质考查了糊精微球的吸附载药及降解性能。实验表明,纳米糊精微球对头孢曲松钠的载药率为9.44%,载药能力随着投药量的增加而增加,温度对载药能力的影响不显著,在α-淀粉酶存在的条件下,降解6 h后有23.94%的纳米糊精微球被降解。     

Investigation into the flotation response of refractory molybdenum ore to depressant mixtures:A case study

In this paper, bulk flotation followed by separation was investigated to concentrate purified molybdenite product from Jinduicheng molybdenum ores(Shanxi province, China). The bench scale tests mainly focussed on separation of molybdenite from other sulfide minerals using the new type of depressants.The effect of each single depressant, including organic depressant-modified dextrin(MD), P-Nokes reagent(PN) and sodium trithiocarbonate(ST), and their mixtures on galena, chalcopyrite and other sulfide ores, was examined in turn by changing the concentrations used in cleaner flotation tests. Closed circuit experiments were carried out under the optimal condition and satisfying recovery and grade of molybdenite concentrate could be achieved(86.294% and 53.157%, respectively). A potential reagent regime was developed, with more environmental friendly and more economical advantages due to the introduction of modified dextrin.     

高纯度难消化糊精的制备工艺及其特性研究

研究了高纯度难消化糊精的制备工艺及其特性。以玉米淀粉为原料,经过高温酸解得到焦糊精,再酶解、浓缩,采用酒精沉淀的方法得到难消化糊精后用酒精洗去葡萄糖,制备高纯度难消化糊精。结果表明最佳工艺条件为:加酸量为12%,焦糊化温度为180℃,焦糊化时间为0.5h,酒精洗涤次数为6次,此时高纯度难消化糊精得率可达40.32%,纯度可达95.30%。并测定了高纯度难消化糊精的分子量分布和热特性分析,重均分子量为8607u,热稳定性高。本文为其在各类食品中的应用奠定了一定基础。      

Bacillus subtilis ZJF-1A5产中温α-淀粉酶发酵工艺优化

枯草芽孢杆菌是生产中温α-淀粉酶的重要菌株,以B.subtilis ZJF-1A5为生产菌株,对其发酵生产中温α-淀粉酶最佳工艺参数进行优化。采用摇床培养方法对接种量、培养温度、溶氧、溶液pH及发酵结束时间等因素进行优化,并在最优工艺参数下对枯草芽孢杆菌生长及产酶特性进行研究。结果表明,以DE值为18的糊精作为碳源时,Bacillus subtilis ZJF-1A5时最佳工艺参数为:接种量4%,培养温度37℃,初始pH5.0,摇床转速210r/min,培养时间54h。在此工艺条件下对B.subtilis ZJF-1A5生长与产酶特性进行研究,9¹5h为对数生长期,15⁴8h为稳定生长期,48h以后为衰退期;发酵54h后,酶活达到最大值。此研究为B.subtilis ZJF-1A5发酵生产中温α-淀粉酶工业化生产提供重要理论及实践意义。      

燕麦糊精脂肪替代品在低脂奶油中的应用

通过正交分析实验将燕麦糊精脂肪替代品添加入液体奶油中生产低脂奶油。结果表明:当燕麦糊精DE值为7.5、燕麦糊精添加量为45%、在搅拌速度为830r/min时搅打10min,获得的低脂奶油的乳化性、乳化稳定性、起泡性和泡沫稳定性均较普通奶油好,但是其硬度相比较普通奶油而言,略硬。与普通奶油相比,低脂奶油的乳脂含量降低了45%,热量降低了40.6%。      

免疫磁性糊精微球的制备及快速分离检测单增李斯特菌

研究免疫磁性糊精微球的制备及在快速分离检测单增李斯特菌中的应用。将磁性糊精微球由环氧氯丙烷活化后,与抗体交联制得免疫磁性糊精微球,通过单因素和正交试验对合成条件进行优化。再利用合成好的免疫磁性糊精微球捕获单増李斯特菌,在外加磁场的作用下,富集免疫磁性糊精微球,提取细菌DNA,经过PCR扩增后,进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳。结果表明:活化反应的最佳条件,环氧氯丙烷用量0.4 mL/g,NaOH浓度2.0 mol/L,最佳反应时间5 h;制备免疫磁性糊精微球的最优合成条件:抗体质量浓度1.0 mg/mL,反应温度28℃,反应时间2.5 h;捕获单增李斯特菌时,免疫磁性糊精微球的最佳用量100μL、最佳捕获时间1 h。通过研究得出免疫磁性糊精微球可以快速捕获单增李斯特菌,并能扩增出特异性产物,检出限达到每mL菌液中10个单增李斯特菌。     

微波法制备抗性麦芽糊精的研究

研究了微波制备抗性麦芽糊精的方法,主要以抗性麦芽糊精的含量和白度作为参考指标,在单因素的基础上,选取微波功率、微波时间、加酸量三个因素进行Box-Benhnken中心组合设计,再通过响应面分析法对实验条件进行优化,结果显示:微波功率630W,微波处理时间10·12min,加酸量是6·43%。得到的抗性麦芽糊精的含量43·30%,白度是76·9%。      

GENE TECHNOLOGY FOR INDUSTRIAL YEASTS

Yeast genetics is now available as a practical tool for the development of brewing industry practices. The contribution of Brewing Research Foundation work (1978–84) to recent advances is illustrated by the construction of brewing strains with superattenuating (amylolytic) or anti-contaminant properties. Approaches based on hybridisation (by rare mating) or recombinant DNA technology have been evaluated. Techniques developed for (i) gene transfer to brewing strains, (ii) ensuring stable inheritance of novel characteristics and (iii) exploiting the secretory ability of yeast strains, can be widely applied not only with brewing, distilling, baking or wine yeasts, but also in the use of yeasts to produce novel biotechnical products. ‘Spin-off’ from these studies includes valuable methods for differentiating or enumerating wild yeasts in brewery quality control.     

Enzymatic production of linear long-chain dextrin from sago (Metroxylon sagu) starch

Pullulanase (EC.3.2.1.41) was used to generate more linear-chain dextrin from sago starch (24.9% amylose) such that the resulting product could act as a high amylose starch. A starch suspension of 5.0% (w/v) sago starch was heated at 100 °C for 45 min and, after cooling, the gelatinized sago starch was hydrolyzed with 2.0% (v/dry weight starch) pullulanase (Promozyme 400L, Novozymes A/S, Denmark) for 24 h. The linear long-chain dextrin (LLD) content of the hydrolysate after drying, was then compared with the initial LLD content. The surface morphology of the starch granules was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effects of gelatinization, time of reaction, pretreatment with different strengths of hydrochloric acid prior to enzyme hydrolysis, and starch and enzyme concentrations were studied. Raw sago starch was resistant to the action of pullulanase, but caused an increase in the LLD of that sago starch from an initial concentration of 24.9–33.2% following gelatinization. The best conditions to maximize the amount of LLD were 5.0% (w/v) sago starch, 2.0% (v/w) enzyme and 12 h reaction time. Acid pretreatment of the sago starch did not cause greater improvement in the accessibility and susceptibility of pullulanase as the LLD content, following pullulanase action did not change significantly. Shrinkage on the surface of the starch granules was observed with the SEM.     

黄酒中非糖固形物的研究

非糖固形物是黄酒国家标准中的控制指标,也是黄酒生产企业普遍关注的一个问题。文中通过对不同生产工艺酒样糖类物质指标的理化测定及HPLC糖谱分析得到,糊精是非糖固形物中的一个重要组成部分。采用不同工艺生产的黄酒,其中糊精的含量不同,这就影响到黄酒中非糖固形物含量具有明显差异。