Development of a bio‐based composite material from soybean oil and keratin fibers

A novel bio‐based composite material, suitable for electronic as well as automotive and aeronautical applications, was developed from soybean oils and keratin feather fibers (KF). This environmentally friendly, low‐cost composite can be a substitute for petroleum‐based composite materials. Keratin fibers are a hollow, light, and tough material and are compatible with several soybean (S) resins, such as acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO). The new KFS lightweight composites have a density ρ ≈ 1 g/cm³, when the KF volume fraction is 30%. The hollow keratin fibers were not filled by resin infusion and the composite retained a significant volume of air in the hollow structure of the fibers. Due to the retained air, the dielectric constant, k, of the composite material was in the range of 1.7–2.7, depending on the fiber volume fraction, and these values are significantly lower than the conventional silicon dioxide or epoxy, or polymer dielectric insulators. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the 30 wt % composite was 67.4 ppm/°C; this value is low enough for electronic application and similar to the value of silicon materials or polyimides used in printed circuit boards. The water absorption of the AESO polymer was 0.5 wt % at equilibrium and the diffusion coefficient in the KFS composites was dependent on the keratin fiber content. The incorporation of keratin fibers in the soy oil polymer enhanced the mechanical properties such as storage modulus, fracture toughness, and flexural properties, ca. 100% increase at 30 vol %. The fracture energy of a single keratin fiber in the composite was determined to be about 3 kJ/m² with a fracture stress of about 100–200 MPa. Considerable improvements in the KFS composite properties should be possible by optimization of the resin structure and fiber selection. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 1524–1538, 2005     

海洋废弃平台桩基拆除绳锯机控制系统研发

海洋废弃平台拆除过程中需要切断桩基,水下绳锯机是一种安全环保的桩基切割工具．介绍了绳锯机的工作原理,提出了控制系统的总体结构,设计了控制系统的硬件和软件,实验表明此控制系统能够使绳锯机安全、稳定的工作．     

废旧家电逆向物流操作平台的构建问题探析

近年来,逆向物流逐渐成为物流领域研究的新热点受到国内外学者的高度重视。文章从分析我国逆向物流的现状入手,从废弃家电产品回收、消费资源重新利用及从企业长远发展要求的角度探讨了我国生产企业实施逆向物流的必要性,并为我国各类生产企业实施逆向物流提供了切实可行的实施方案。     

真实感羽毛的构造与实现

提出一种用Hermite曲线集模拟二维羽毛的新方法。利用Hermite曲线的矢量特性使羽毛绘制更加方便,通过几个参数的改变就能自动生成各种样式的羽毛。为了增加羽毛的真实感,在羽枝上添加纹理。在二维羽毛的基础上,根据三维羽毛的结构特点,构造出其模型,其使用方法与二维羽毛一样简单明了。     

铝业废阴极炭块资源化利用技术研究

为实现铝业废阴极炭块在钢铁冶金流程中资源化利用,通过深入研究废阴极炭块的相关物性,结合炼钢工艺对炭素及氟化物的物质需求,明确了废阴极炭块的无害化资源利用原理,工业试验结果表明废阴极炭块在炼钢转炉内可较好地实现无害化资源利用.     

唐山市古冶区工业废弃地活化与再生策略研究

在综合分析现状的基础上,提出了唐山市古冶区工业废弃地活化与再生的原理、目标及实施策略。     

报废汽车回收利用及无害化处理

介绍了汽车拆解工艺以及拆解过程中主要污染,主要废气污染物为车身破碎风选废气、臭气以及无组织排放的非甲烷总烃,固废为废塑料、碎玻璃、废皮革纤维、破碎粉尘、污泥、废蓄电池、废油液、废制冷剂、废液化气罐、废催化剂以及油手套、油抹布和废活性碳纤维等。结合国内外现有的污染治理措施,详细评述了"三废"治理技术及存在的问题。同时,针对实际产生的情况提出相应的污染防治措施。     

河口探区核销探井再评价

通过对河口探区内370口已经核销的老探井进行重新评价,认为受地质认识和采油工艺局限性的影响有21口已经核销的老探井初次试油不彻底。随着地质认识的不断完善和采油工艺的不断改进,对其中的17口井进行了重新试油均获得成功,产油量由8.94t/d增加到73.9t/d,新增探明石油地质储量6063×104t。实施核销探井再评价,不仅深化了地质认识,盘活了闲置资产,缩短了增储周期,降低了勘探成本,而且通过出油井点的突破,找到了一条高勘探成熟地区油气勘探的路子。     

溶胀/溶解法回收HTPB推进剂中AP组分的实验研究

采用溶胀/溶解法回收报废HTPB推进剂中的AP。研究了浸取时间、浸取温度、四氢呋喃质量分数、液料比(四氢呋喃溶液体积与HTPB推进剂的质量比)、试样厚度及搅拌速率对AP回收率的影响。通过扫描电镜、X射线能谱仪对回收得到的AP进行表征,并对其纯度进行了检测。结果表明,AP的最佳回收工艺参数为:浸取时间6h、浸取温度60℃、四氢呋喃质量分数80%、液料比10∶1(mL/g)、试样厚度3mm、搅拌速率500r/min。其中,浸取时间、浸取温度和四氢呋喃质量分数对AP回收率的影响较大。在最佳工艺条件下,AP的回收率为95.0%,纯度为96.1%,表明此方法可用于报废HTPB推进剂中AP组分的回收。     

电牵引采煤机调高系统的改造

电牵引采煤机调高系统事故频繁发生,原因是煤机液压系统在恶劣生产条件下容易受到污染,电磁阀组堵塞,憋卡现象严重。对调高系统进行改造,把原电磁阀组甩掉,调高系统由电动控制改为手动控制,提高了开机率,大大降低了工人的劳动强度。