两相区淬火对9Ni钢中逆转变奥氏体的影响

淬火+两相区淬火+回火(QIT)能显著的提高9Ni钢的低温韧性。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)、X射线衍射(XRD)和电子探针(EPMA)对QIT处理的9Ni钢中逆转变奥氏体的含量、形貌、分布以及两相区淬火对逆转变奥氏体的影响进行了研究。结果表明,QIT处理的9Ni钢中逆转变奥氏体的含量约为10%,以块状和薄膜状形态分布在基体中;两相区淬火的9Ni钢中的大角度晶界增多,有利于逆转变奥氏体的形核;基体上某些区域的C、Mn和Ni元素含量较高,利于逆转变奥氏体长大和稳定化。     

Effect of Vanadium Microalloying on the HAZ Microstructure and Properties of Low Carbon Steels

Four Steels,C-Mn-0.05V,C-Mn-0.11V,C-Mn-0.03Nb and C-Mn were subjected to heat treatment to simulate the microstructure of a coarse grained heat affected zone (CGHAZ) and an intercritically reheated coarse grained heat affected zone (ICCGHAZ).This involved reheating to 1350°C,rapid cooling (Δt 8/5 =24s) to room temperature and then reheating to either 750°C or 800°C.The toughness of the HAZs was assessed using both Charpy and CTOD tests.Microstructural features were characterised by optical,scanning` and transmission electron microscopy.Fractographic examinations of the Charpy and CTOD specimens were carried out to understand the micromechanism of fracture under different microstructural and test conditions.The CGHAZ toughness was similar for the steels except that Steel C-Mn-0.05V had a slightly lower ITT compared to the others.The toughness deteriorated in the ICCGHAZ for all the steels,again Steel C-Mn-0.05V had a superior toughness compared to the other three steels in both ICCGHAZ conditions.Raising the level of vanadium to 0.11% caused a decrease in ICCGHAZ toughness.Steel C-Mn-Nb exhibited a greater degradation of impact toughness after the intercritical cycles.The presence of M-A constituents was the dominant factor in determining the toughness of the ICCGHAZs.The size and area fraction of the M-A constituents were the smallest in Steel C-Mn-0.05V.Increasing vanadium level to 0.11% resulted in a greater area fraction of the M-A constituents,larger average and maximum sizes of M-A particles,and significantly more fields containing the M-A.The addition of 0.031% Nb produced the largest M-A particles and the greatest area fraction for the steels tested.     

09MnNiDR钢焊接临界粗晶区冲击脆断行为及焊后热处理工艺

用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机模拟了09MnNiDR低温压力容器钢焊接临界粗晶区(intercritically reheated coarse-grained heat-affected zone),并对其进行了焊后热处理(post-welding heat treatment)工艺研究。采用力学性能检测及结构表征方法研究了热处理前后焊接临界粗晶区的力学性能及影响机制。试验分析表明,尺寸较大的MA岛(martensite-austenite island)是材料受力时裂纹的启裂源,是引起试验钢焊接临界粗晶区冲击韧性较差的主要原因。经过焊后热处理,临界粗晶区的冲击韧性明显改善,并且热处理温度工艺窗口(560~640℃)较宽。热处理后M-A岛的分解、碳化物的球化及大角度晶界对裂纹扩展的阻碍作用是韧性提高的主要原因。     

预奥氏体化对中Mn TRIP钢组织及力学性能的影响

为了提高钢的综合力学性能,用盐浴法对中Mn TRIP钢进行了热处理.采用SEM、TEM、XRD和拉伸测试研究了预奥氏体化处理对中Mn TRIP钢显微组织及力学性能的影响.实验结果表明:全马氏体冷轧态组织经两相区退火处理后,会析出大量渗碳体颗粒,随着退火时间延长,渗碳体颗粒逐渐溶解,马氏体组织逐渐转变为奥氏体和铁素体双相片层状组织;而在两相区退火处理前添加两相区预奥氏体化处理后,渗碳体析出被有效抑制,双相片层组织迅速形成;相比于常规两相区退火处理,预奥氏体化处理能够提高组织中残余奥氏体体积分数和综合力学性能.