Generation,validation and application of dynamic load profiles in flow measurement using cavitating Herschel–Venturi nozzles

Today, utility meters for water are tested for measurement behavior at stable operating conditions at specified flow rates as part of the approval process. The measurement error that occurs during start and stop or when changing between flow rates may not be taken into account. In addition, there are new technologies whose measuring behavior under real-world conditions is only known to a limited extend. To take these facts into account, a new method has been developed and tested to determine the measurement behavior of water meters under dynamic load profiles as they occur in the real application. For this purpose, a test rig for flow rate measurement was extended by a cavitation nozzle apparatus and the generation of dynamic load profiles was validated. For the cavitation nozzles used, possible factors influencing the flow rate, such as temperature and purity of the water as well as the upstream pressure were investigated. Using different types of domestic water meters, the applicability of the dynamic test procedure was demonstrated and the measurement behavior of the meters was characterised.     

FCC装置主风分布管喷嘴磨损的气相流场分析

用FLUENT流体计算软件对FCC装置再生器树枝状分布管喷嘴流场进行了计算,分析了喷嘴发生磨损的机理.对喷嘴流场的计算表明喷嘴磨损是催化剂颗粒造成的,属于气固两相流冲蚀磨损.由于某些喷嘴的压力降偏低和流场存在偏流,造成催化剂颗粒倒流至喷嘴内部或分布支管内部.催化剂颗粒流经喷嘴时,斜向冲击内壁产生冲蚀磨损.磨损首先发生在喷嘴内壁局部区域,形成圆弧状磨损痕迹,再将喷嘴磨穿,逐渐扩大为整个喷嘴,磨掉喷嘴.这些分析结果可为主风分布管的设计提供帮助.     

一种洁净的、非接触性的新型粘合剂喷洒技术

介绍了Robatech公司开发的PFC喷嘴。这种喷嘴为标准化组件，具有较大的适用性，既适用于新厂配套，也适用于老设备改造。     

Time Characterization of High Density Gas Jet from a Pulsed Supersonic Nozzle via Laser Produced Plasma

A high-density gas jet supersonic nozzle is reported in this paper. The jitter and actuation time of the nozzle is determined by the pin discharge and laser spark radiation respectively. The jitter time of the nozzle is within 10μs with the backing pressure as high as 25 bar. With a nanosecond laser pulse focused on the gas jet about 1 mm below the nozzle, the actuation time is calculated to be about 15 ms by detecting the laser produced spark radiation, which reveals the existence of the gas jet and the relative gas density evolving with time. Consequently the gas density is estimated to be well above 10^19 cm^-3, compared with theoretical simulations from the nozzle parameters.     

Extension of a combined analytical/numerical initial value problem solver for turbulent mixing with combustion

Here, we describe the development of a reacting flow multi-species/combustion methodology, implemented as an extension to the differential reduced ejector analysis (DREA) computer program [Mathematical and computer modeling, vol. 31, 2000, p. 21; Appl. Math. Model. 25 (2001) 427; Comput. Math. Appl. 43(10–11); NASA Contractor Report, 1998]. Use of the single fluid IVP solver framework that was developed for the original DREA model has been directly coupled into the combustion formulation. With these modifications, the analysis has an elementary single step reaction Fuel+Oxidizer→Product combustion capability. Though approximate in nature, the simplicity and efficiency of the DREA formulation make it suitable for its original niche, namely design and preliminary design environments where more complex and expensive models may be inappropriate.     

磨料高压水除鳞系统设计研究

磨料高压水除鳞系统取代酸洗线，原机械部分和磨料高压水部分都作了较大改进，才能保证除鳞彻底。     

自振空化射流提高钻井速度的实验研究

空化射流用于提高钻井速度的可行性研究结果表明，在钻进作业中，利用空泡破裂产生强大破坏作用来提高钻探的效率，其效果显著，可行性高。室内实验表明，自振空化射流在比普通喷嘴射流更深的井底或更高的围压条件下，有更大的起始空化数和更强的空化能力。自振空化喷嘴起始空化数大都在1.0以上，最高达到1.67，而锥形喷嘴最高仅为0.43，围压下其冲蚀效率是锥形喷嘴的1~2倍。现场试验同样证实设计的自振空化射流喷嘴在保护钻头、减少钻头磨损及增加进尺、提高机械钻速方面有显著作用。     

浸入式水口MgAlON质内衬材料的抗Al2O3附着性研究

浸入式水口在连铸过程中，特别是多炉连铸铝镇静钢时，由于Al2O3在水口内壁附着引起堵塞问题。研究了无碳无二氧化硅的MgAlON质耐火材料，考察了MgAlON—Al2TiO5、MgAlON—BN、Al2O3-C、CaO-ZrO2-C材料的抗Al2O3附着性。结果表明，MgAlON-AT复合材料的抗舢203附着性和抗钢水侵蚀性均优于其它材料．     

光电摆角动态测量原理及其测量系统

本文阐述了用于测量物体摆角及摆心浮动量的光电动态实时测量原理,以及根据此原理研制的光电导弹喷管摆角动态测量系统。