雕漆大对瓶《锦绣万年春》

雕漆大对瓶《锦绣万年春》作品,以花鸟为主要创作题材,展现了新的历史时期扬州漆艺人对祖国锦绣万年的美好祝愿。作品也创下了扬州雕漆史上最大花鸟题材作品之最,为传统雕漆工艺的传承发展再添绚烂的一笔。     

论漆器的审美元素对现代包装设计的辐射

通过审视传统漆器在人们心中所积淀的生存情感心理和散射出民族审美形态的光彩,探索出漆器的审美要素对于引导现代包装设计的文化审美趋向和结构价值形态的作用,最后充分展现出漆器审美要素对现代包装设计的辐射.     

传统剔犀漆器云纹纹样的提取与设计应用研究

目的以剔犀漆器为例,探析传统云纹纹样的提取与设计应用研究思路,推动现代设计理念下对传统装饰纹样的传承与创新。方法首先,结合网络搜索和查阅文献的方式,收集、归纳传统剔犀漆器文化的相关资料。然后,通过深入分析传统剔犀漆器云纹纹样的视觉效应,提取有效的图形设计元素,并依据分解重构的设计法则对提取的图形元素进行衍生及再设计,实现传统剔犀云纹纹样与现代设计风格的深度融合。最后,以产品包装设计实例予以检验。结论剔犀漆器作为中国漆器文化中的一颗明珠,拥有着独特的人文魅力和纹样特征。将现代设计构成法则运用到传统剔犀云纹纹样的提取与设计应用研究中,既有利于提升目标设计的文化价值,又能够促进剔犀漆器这项非物质文化遗产的传承和发展。     

楚漆器的数字化保护与开发策略

目的 研究楚漆器文化的保护及开发策略,实现对楚漆器的数字化保护和对楚漆器文化与器物美学的传承,增进用户对楚漆器的了解,提升用户对楚漆器的创作兴趣等,探索楚漆器当代发展的新风貌。方法 介绍楚漆器在中华文化中所扮演的角色和楚漆器的基本发展情况,并分析如何合理地对其进行数字化保护及开发。首先搭建楚漆器数据库,对其基本信息进行数字化的处理与整合;其次提出基于数字化的楚漆器开发策略,包括找文物、听故事、智能识别、DIY四个模块;最后基于开发策略构建楚漆器APP开发平台。结论 以楚漆器数据库为基础,以APP为载体,实现楚漆器实时、非限制性的展示,实现在博物馆和教育展示等多种情境中的应用,推动楚漆器的保护与文化传播,促进楚漆器多元化的新发展。     

Aggregation pheromone of coconut rhinoceros beetle,Oryctes rhinoceros (L.) (coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Male coconut rhinoceros beetles,Oryctes rhinoceros (L.), produce three sex-specific compounds, ethyl 4-methyloctanoate, ethyl 4-methylheptanoate, and 4-methyloctanoic acid, the first of which is an aggregation pheromone. Synthesis of these compounds involving conjugate addition of organocuprates to ethyl acrylate is reported. In field trapping experiments, (4S)-ethyl 4-methyloctanoate and the racemic mixture were equally attractive and 10 times more effective in attracting beetles than ethyl chrysanthemumate, a previously recommended attractant. Ethyl 4-methylheptanoate was as attractive as ethyl chrysanthemumate and more attractive than 4-methyloctanoic acid, but further studies are required before it can be classed as an aggregation pheromone. Compared to ethyl 4-methyloctanoate alone, combinations of the three male-produced compounds did not increase attraction, whereas addition of freshly rotting oil palm fruit bunches to pheromone-baited traps significantly enhanced attraction. With increasing dose, captures ofO. rhinoceros increased, but doses of 6, 9, and 18 mg/day were competitive with 30 mg/day lures. Newly designed vane traps were more effective in capturing beetles than were barrier or pitfall traps. Results of this study indicate that there is potential for using ethyl 4-methyloctanoate in operational programs to controlO. rhinoceros in oil palm plantations.     

Nutritive value of the larvae of raphia palm beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) and weevil (Rhyncophorus pheonicis)

The proximate nutrient composition, energy value, mineral concentrations, amino acid composition and chemical score of the larvae of raphia palm beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) and weevil (Rhyncophorus pheonicis) were evaluated. Values of moisture, ash and crude protein were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in O rhinoceros than in R pheonicis while the reverse was the case for the values of crude fat, total carbohydrate and energy content. The crude protein content of both samples was high, with a value of 42.3 ± 0.84% for the palm beetle and 31.6 ± 0.59% for palm weevil, while crude fat was high (17.3 ± 1.2%) in palm weevil and very low (0.55 ± 0.10%) in palm beetle. The calorific value in kcal 100 g^?1 sample was 425 in R pheonicis and was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the value of 285 in O rhinoceros, due to a relatively higher crude fat and total carbohydrate in the former compared with the latter. The mineral concentrations were high and differed for all the elements, with O rhinoceros having the higher level of many of the mineral elements (calcium, magnesium, potassium, manganese, iron and phosphorus) compared with R pheonicis, consistent with a significantly higher (p < 0.05) ash content of 12.7 ± 0.81% in O rhinoceros against the value of 4.2 ± 0.45% ash in R pheonicis. The amino acid profile showed both samples to be good sources of essential and non‐essential amino acids including cysteine and methionine, both of which contain sulfur. Valine, which had the lowest chemical score of 51.2%, was the most limiting amino acid for protein quality in both O rhinoceros and R pheonicis. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

中日两国古代漆器文化交流的探讨

通过考证漆器的起源,肯定了中国是世界上最早使用漆器的国家。早在2 100年前,中国漆器就开始了对外交流之路,其中尤以传授日本最具代表性。比较了中日两国的漆器专用术语的异同,归纳总结了两国漆器的交流简史,并对中日两国对我国台湾省漆器艺术的影响作了概述。     

各具特色的中国地方漆艺——北方漆艺

本文按艺术风格的不同,将我国现代漆器归为七大类,分类介绍其历史沿革、工艺特色、漆艺名人。     

传统漆器艺术在家居产品设计中的应用

目的研究传统漆器艺术的相关元素在现代家居产品设计的应用。方法将"崇尚自然,实用为先"、"简单朴素,身份象征"的意匠之心、实用与艺术的造型之美、几何与自然的装饰之意、外黑里红的色彩之感视为传统漆器的组成模件,以其与家居产品设计的关系等4方面为切入点,分析当下家居产品设计的方法与途径。结论传统漆器文化是家居产品设计的重要源泉,设计师可以以漆器元素为基准设计出符合文化的家居产品。     

Sex determination of Japanese rhinoceros beetles,Trypoxylus dichotomus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), based on their dropping shape

The Mahalanobis-Taguchi system (MTS) is one of the multi-variate analyses which can classify by correlations among multi-variables. It has a significant advantage of applying a cause analysis which provides effective variable combinations to upgrade the accuracy of the classification. In this study, droppings, which were extruded from Japanese rhinoceros beetle larva (called Kabutomushi in Japanese) were classified into male/female based on their shape-related features using the MTS. Their droppings have a spheroid shape of approximately 10 mm in their long axis. Seven features (i.e., variables) were obtained from digital micrographic images using image analysis software, such as height/width (H/M), major/minor (Ma/Mi), perimeter/Feret diameter (P/F), projected area/Feret diameter (A/F), roundness, circularity, and solidity. Although an abnormality rate, which shows how the correlation pattern of one larval dropping is far from any standard ones, has a boundary in order to classify into male/female from 18 larval droppings, 3 larva were judged as the opposite sex. Based on the cause analysis, the A/F and solidity were the best variable combination which all the larval droppings were completely classified into male/female. Why these variables were affected by the sex most seemed to be caused by the gut components, as determined by time-domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR). MTS has the great ability to classify from the powders’ minor difference and will be an effective tool for particle design in the near future.