Wind energy resource assessment for five locations in Saudi Arabia

The analysis of recently collected wind data at five sites in Saudi Arabia namely, Dhulum, Arar, Yanbu, Gassim and Dhahran is presented. The five sites represent different geographically and climatologically conditions. The data collected over a period spanned between 1995 and 2002 with different collection periods for each site. Daily, monthly and frequency profiles of the wind speed at the sites showed that Dhulum and Arar sites have higher wind energy potential with annual wind speed average of 5.7 and 5.4 m/s and speeds higher than 5 m/s for 60 and 47% of the time, respectively. The two sites are candidates for remote area wind energy applications. The costal site's, i.e. Yanbu and Dhahran wind speed data indicated that the two sites have lower annual wind speed averages and wind blows at speed higher than 5 m/s during afternoon hours. That makes the two sites candidates for grid connected wind systems for electrical load peak shaving. The data of Gassim site showed that the site has the lowest wind energy potential compared to the others. The annual energy produced by a Nordex N43 wind machine is estimated to be 1080, 990, 730, 454 and 833 MWh for Dhulum, Arar, Yanbu, Gassim and Dhahran, respectively. The analysis showed that the estimated annual energy produced by the machine based on 10 min averaged data is 2.5% higher than the estimated energy based on 30 min averaged data.     

应用分子蒸馏技术分离提纯玫瑰精油

应用刮膜式分子蒸馏装置对玫瑰精油的提纯进行了研究。考察了进料速率、进料温度、蒸发温度和刮膜器转速等因素对玫瑰精油分离效果的影响。通过试验,初步得到了工艺参数的范围:进料速率为50~70 mL/h,进料温度为53~60℃,蒸发温度Ⅰ为100~108℃,蒸发温度Ⅱ为120~130℃,操作压力1.5 Pa,刮膜器转速150~160r/m in,得到的玫瑰精油产品的纯度在86%以上,分离过程总收率大于60%,并为今后工艺参数优化奠定了基础。     

玫瑰香精油化学成分分析

应用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC/MS)方法,定性定量地分析了山东平阴玫瑰精油、新疆玫瑰精油、北京妙峰山玫瑰精油和保加利亚玫瑰精油的化学成分,各鉴定了29、37、23和24个成分.它们的主要成分均为香茅醇及其脂类、香叶醇、芳樟醇、玫瑰醚和丁香酚,其中北京妙峰山玫瑰油与其他油品有较大差异.各种香精物质含量上的差异使得这几种玫瑰油的香气产生了微妙的出入.详细地讨论了这4种玫瑰油的化学成分与香气间的关系,指出国内玫瑰油的不足之处,为提升我国玫瑰精油的品质提供借鉴和依据.     

虎红定量光度法测定乳糖酸阿奇霉素

基于乳糖酸阿奇霉素与虎红形成离子缔合物,该离子缔合物的最大吸收在波长560nm处,此处其吸光度与质量浓度呈现线性关系,提出了一种测定乳糖酸阿奇霉素的定量光度法。详细研究了该显色反应的各种影响条件,在条件优化基础上建立了乳糖酸阿奇霉素的测定方法,结果表明乳糖酸阿奇霉素质量浓度的线性范围在5.0~25.0g·L-1之间。所拟方法成功地应用于乳糖酸阿奇霉素注射剂的测定。     

Natural Plant Materials as Dielectric Layer for Highly Sensitive Flexible Electronic Skin

Nature has long offered human beings with useful materials. Herein, plant materials including flowers and leaves have been directly used as the dielectric material in flexible capacitive electronic skin (e‐skin), which simply consists of a dried flower petal or leaf sandwiched by two flexible electrodes. The plant material is a 3D cell wall network which plays like a compressible metamaterial that elastically collapses upon pressing plus some specific surface structures, and thus the device can sensitively respond to pressure. The device works over a broad‐pressure range from 0.6 Pa to 115 kPa with a maximum sensitivity of 1.54 kPa^?1, and shows high stability over 5000 cyclic pressings or bends. The natural‐material‐based e‐skin has been applied in touch sensing, motion monitoring, gas flow detection, and the spatial distribution of pressure. As the foam‐like structure is ubiquitous in plants, a general strategy for a green, cost‐effective, and scalable approach to make flexible e‐skins is offered here.     

应用于碱性土壤上重金属污染的超积累植物种植研究

以调查区的严格管控区土壤为研究对象,挑选了酸模、龙葵、月季、金盏菊、万寿菊、油牡丹、凤仙花7种植物进行了大田试验,考察超积累植物对土壤中Cd、Pb富集的影响。结果表明,不同植物体内或同种植物体内各部位重金属的含量存在较大差异;酸模、金盏菊、龙葵、月季地上部分重金属含量明显高于地下部分,说明重金属在这几种植物的茎叶里积累较多。金盏菊、凤仙花、万寿菊、龙葵对Cd的富集较强,有利于修复Cd污染的土壤。除凤仙花外,其他6种植物对Cd的转运系数均大于1,对Cd的转移能力由强到弱的顺序依次为酸模、金盏菊,龙葵、油牡丹、月季、万寿菊。就单株而言,积累生物量从大到小依次是酸模、金盏菊、万寿菊、月季;就每亩而言,积累生物量从大到小依次是金盏菊、酸模、月季、万寿菊。综合植物对重金属的富集系数、植物自身的转运系数、整株生物量以及植物的经济价值等考量,万寿菊、金盏菊、月季在修复土壤重金属污染的同时还可兼顾提升经济效益,酸模作为有效降低Cd、Pb含量的重金属修复植物,可推广应用于碱性耕地的重金属污染修复。综上所述,从植物对重金属的富集系数、植物自身的转运系数、整株生物量以及植物的经济价值等综合考量,万寿菊、金盏菊、月季作为修复土壤重金属污染的同时兼顾提升经济,酸模作为有效降低Cd、Pb含量的重金属修复植物,可推广应用于碱性耕地的重金属污染修复。     

切花月季的营养特性研究进展

本文综述了无土栽培条件下切花月季的矿质营养特性,包括叶内矿质元素含量标准与营养诊断,矿质养分的消耗,氮素营养特性及其它矿质养分的营养生理,根际营养生理。并对今后的研究方向提出了展望。     

雍正粉彩陶瓷装饰艺术特色

阐述了粉彩尤其雍正粉彩装饰工艺特色，肯定了雍正粉彩瓷在中国陶瓷发展史上的贡献和地位，对清三代古瓷研究具一定参考价值。     

Photoactive antimicrobial PVA hydrogel prepared by freeze‐thawing process for wound dressing

A freeze‐thawing process was employed to produce both rose bengal (RB)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and benzophenone (BP)/PVA hydrogels, respectively. Results indicated that only RB incorporated PVA (RB/PVA) could form hydrogel after undergoing three cycles of freeze‐thawing process; One of the cycles should be conducted by freezing at ?15°C ± 3°C for 18 h followed by thawing at 25°C for 6 h. The structural features and functional properties of the RB/PVA hydrogel were investigated by FTIR, XRD, SEM evaluations, and photo‐induced antimicrobial functions were examined as well. Release of RB from the RB/PVA hydrogel was examined by UV‐Vis spectroscopy. The freeze‐thawed RB/PVA hydrogel showed antimicrobial abilities against both E. coli and S. aureus under the exposure to fluorescence light as well as UVA (365 nm) light. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010