Design of Trehalose-Based Amide/Sulfonamide C-type Lectin Receptor Signaling Compounds

Mincle agonists have been shown to induce inflammatory cytokine production, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) and promote the development of a Th1/Th17 immune response that might be crucial to development of effective vaccination against pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. As an expansion of our previous work, a library of 6,6′-amide and sulfonamide α,α-d -trehalose compounds with various substituents on the aromatic ring was synthesized efficiently in good to excellent yields. These compounds were evaluated for their ability to activate the human C-type lectin receptor Mincle by the induction of cytokines from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. A preliminary structure–activity relationship (SAR) of these novel trehalose diamides and sulfonamides revealed that aryl amide-linked trehalose compounds demonstrated improved activity and relatively high potency cytokine production compared to the Mincle ligand trehalose dibehenate adjuvant (TDB) and the natural ligand trehalose dimycolate (TDM) inducing dose-dependent and human-Mincle-specific stimulation in a HEK reporter cell line.     

抑制昆虫飞行过程的农药作用靶标研究

新型靶标及其先导化合物的发现是创新农药研发的关键。通过分析GenBank数据库中海藻糖酶的序列信息和PDB中脂蛋白的三维结构,结合近年来对海藻糖水解酶类抑制剂的报道,分别探讨了海藻糖合成酶和水解酶、携脂蛋白apoLp Ⅲ以及脂质运载蛋白FABPs等作为农药作用靶标的可能性,为新型农药的研发提供了一定的理论依据。     

透性化酒精酵母细胞产海藻糖发酵培养基的优化

为提高酒精酵母细胞发酵液中海藻糖的含量,在制备出透性化酒精酵母细胞的基础上,用单因素实验和响应面分析法,优化了酒精酵母的发酵培养基,确定了最适培养基组成.实验结果表明,酵母膏、蔗糖及氯化钠的添加量对海藻糖积累影响显著,影响程度依次为:酵母膏＞蔗糖＞氯化钠.优化后的培养基组成为:酵母膏14.7 g/L,蔗糖32.5 g/...     

高效液相色谱法测定海藻糖

采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC），以Hypersil NH2柱为分析柱，乙腈-水（4：1）为流动相，采用示差折光检测器，一次进样能同时分离样品中的果糖，葡萄糖，蔗糖，麦芽糖，海藻糖，低聚糖等。测定了样品中的葡萄糖，麦芽糖，海藻糖的含量，线性相关系数0.9998-0.9999，变异系数0.67%-1.0%。回收率98.65%-100.6%。     

Evaluation of some water-miscible organic solvents for spray-drying enzymes and carbohydrates

The spray-drying behaviour of 16 water-miscible organic solvents on a bench-scale machine (Büchi B290 with inert loop) was determined under mild-to-moderate process conditions, namely inlet gas temperature of 130?°C and liquid feed flow rate of ≤3?mL/min. The solvents with boiling points below the inlet gas temperature could be fully dried (Group 1 solvents). The two exceptions were DMSO and DMF which despite their higher boiling points could be fully dried. The remaining solvents with boiling points above the inlet gas temperature were not fully dried during passage through the spray-dryer (Group 2 solvents). Trypsin and lysozyme when spray-dried from Group 1 solvent binary mixtures with water showed similar inactivation and residual water content, independent of solvent. The level of residual solvent was, however, strongly dependent on solvent. Trehalose (20%) and mannitol (10%) could be spray-dried from DMSO/water binary mixtures, but the amorphous disaccharide required higher inlet gas temperature. Trehalose/trypsin and mannitol/trypsin formulations showed differing degrees of protection against enzyme inactivation when spray-dried from Group 1 solvent binary mixtures with water. In all solvents the mannitol protected as well, if not better, than the trehalose. This study identifies some suitable organic solvents for spray-drying protein formulations, but also shows the difficulties of remaining organic solvent under the moderate inlet gas temperature used.     

菌株N235产海藻糖合酶工艺条件的优化

通过对筛选得到的海藻糖产生菌N235（Pseudomonas sp）的培养温度、初始pH、溶氧量、接种量、渗透压、培养时间等参数对菌体生物量和单位菌体海藻糖合酶酶活力的影响的研究，得到了最佳酶活培养条件为：培养温度35℃、培养基初始pH5-6、装液量100mL／500mL三角瓶、渗透压浓度为5％NaCl、培养时间为64h，在此条件下，酶活达到252U／g干菌体。     

一株耐盐菌DL41诱导合成Ectoine及海藻糖的研究

从盐池淤泥中采集土样,用盐梯度法筛选分离得到一株耐盐微生物DL41,对其进行菌落及菌体形态、分子生物学鉴定和生长特性研究.通过PCR技术,进行16S rDNA鉴定,建立系统发育树.还研究了耐盐微生物DL41合成相容性物质Ectoine和海藻糖诱导条件.     

Trehalose Metabolism: From Osmoprotection to Signaling

Trehalose is a non-reducing disaccharide formed by two glucose molecules. It is widely distributed in Nature and has been isolated from certain species of bacteria, fungi, invertebrates and plants, which are capable of surviving in a dehydrated state for months or years and subsequently being revived after a few hours of being in contact with water. This disaccharide has many biotechnological applications, as its physicochemical properties allow it to be used to preserve foods, enzymes, vaccines, cells etc., in a dehydrated state at room temperature. One of the most striking findings a decade ago was the discovery of the genes involved in trehalose biosynthesis, present in a great number of organisms that do not accumulate trehalose to significant levels. In plants, this disaccharide has diverse functions and plays an essential role in various stages of development, for example in the formation of the embryo and in flowering. Trehalose also appears to be involved in the regulation of carbon metabolism and photosynthesis. Recently it has been discovered that this sugar plays an important role in plant-microorganism interactions.