拒水整理对棉织物洗涤效果的影响研究

为研究拒水整理对棉织物洗涤效果的影响,以不同结构的氟碳拒水拒油整理剂和碳氢类拒水整理剂为研究对象,考察了织物表面能、织物表面Zeta电位、织物的沾污性能等因素对洗涤效果的影响。结果表明,拒水整理后织物表面能的变化与污渍的洗净力大小相关,水溶性污渍的洗净力随着织物表面能的降低而提高;油溶性污渍在未整理的纯棉织物上洗净力最高,而在较低表面能的拒水整理织物上的洗净力最低;随着拒水整理后织物与污渍Zeta电位和绝对值的减小,油溶性污渍的洗净力也有降低的趋势;拒水整理后织物沾污性能的变化也会影响织物的洗涤效果。     

防水拒水织物有机硅一次性涂胶的研究

本文论述了用有机硅和丙烯酸酯共聚合成织物防水拒水涂胶。用作羽绒服、风衣、雨伞、滑雪衣等制品的呢塔绸、涤塔绸、牛津布等织物。经用本产品进行一次涂布整理后，即可达到防水拒水双功能效果。用以代替目前国内的二次涂布工艺的涂胶，可缩短涂布工艺流程，提高工效，降低成本。本产品各项主要技术指标和应用效果均达到国外同类型产品水平。可取代进口产品。     

Mass transfer and holdup in gas-liquid cocurrent flow packed beds containing water-repellent particles

Water-repellent particles were prepared by spraying polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) on activated carbon. Gas-liquid volumetric mass transfer coefficient and holdup were determined in gas-liquid cocurrent upflow and downflow packed beds from the measurements of gas desorption and volume, respectively. As the PTFE loading increased, the gas-liquid volumetric mass transfer coefficients in both upflow and downflow modes were enhanced. Gas holdup in the upflow mode increased with the PTFE loading, while the dynamic liquid holdup in the downflow mode decreased. The enhancement of the mass transfer rate from gas to liquid can be explained by the effect of water-repellency on the surface of activated carbon.     

浅谈建筑拒水粉防水屋面

对建筑拒水粉防水屋面作了简单介绍,从材料、设计及施工三方面对其进行了论述,实践证明建筑拒水粉防水屋面的防水效果良好,是一种值得推广的新技术。     

Hierarchically Branched Siloxane Brushes for Efficient Harvesting of Atmospheric Water

Atmospheric water harvesting is considered a viable source of freshwater to alleviate water scarcity in an arid climate. Water condensation tends to be more efficient on superhydrophobic surfaces as the spontaneous coalescence-induced droplet jumping on superhydrophobic surfaces enables faster condensate removal. However, poor water nucleation on these surfaces leads to meager water harvest. A conventional approach to the problem is to fabricate micro- and nanoscale biphilic structures. Nonetheless, the process is complex, expensive, and difficult to scale. Here, the authors present an inexpensive and scalable method based on manipulating the water-repellent coatings of superhydrophobic surfaces. Flexible siloxane can facilitate water nucleation, while a branched structure promotes efficient droplet jumping. Moreover, ToF-SIMS analysis indicated that branched siloxane provides a better water-repellent coating coverage than linear siloxane and the siloxanes comprise hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecular segments. Thus, the as-prepared superhydrophobic surface, TiO₂ nanorods coated with branched siloxanes harvested eight times more water than a typical fluoroalkylsilane (FAS)-coated surface under a low 30% relative humidity and performed better than most reported biphasic materials.     

屋面轻质保温材料的防水性能

研究了以水泥、生石灰为胶凝材料,以粉煤灰为填料,以膨胀珍珠岩为保温原料,加入防水剂、憎水剂,制成集保温与防水为一体、一次施工完成的新型屋面保温防水板.该板抗压强度1.6MPa,导热系数0.13 W/m·K,密度562 kg/m3,吸水率5%.     

纳米微晶纤维素的制备及其在拒水整理中的应用

为了开发一种无氟环保的拒水整理方法,采用酸解法制备纳米微晶纤维素（NCC）,并将其协同有机硅拒水剂二浴法整理棉织物。优化了NCC制备条件,并通过红外光谱、X射线衍射、热失重等测试手段对其结构及热性能进行分析;探讨了NCC粒径及整理工艺参数对有机硅拒水剂拒水效果的影响。结果表明,NCC最佳的制备范围为：H2SO4质量分数为60%-65%,温度为40-50℃,反应时间为2-3h;NCC协同有机硅拒水整理时,当NCC粒径在260nm时,织物拒水效果明显提高,达到95分以上,经扫描电镜观察,NCC在织物表面形成粗糙结构。NCC协同有机硅拒水整理最佳工艺参数为：NCC烘干时间180s、拒水整理焙烘时间90s、焙烘温度160℃。     

饰面砂浆抗泛碱性能的研究

从胶凝材料的用量度其配比、乳胶粉的种类及其掺量、活性二氧化硅、泛碱抑制剂以及饰面砂浆表面喷涂有机硅憎水剂五个方面着手,对饰面砂浆的抗泛碱性进行了研究,提出了改善饰面砂浆抗泛碱性能的各种方案.     

乳液型含氟织物整理剂的性能及应用

针对国内纺织行业用含氟织物整理剂现状,通过核壳乳液聚合制备了一种乳液型含氟织物整理剂,对聚合物乳液进行了FT-IR、激光粒度分析表征,测试了乳液的稳定性能,研究了交联剂对织物拒油、拒水、耐洗性能的影响,分析了整理后织物的透气性及撕裂强度。结果表明:制备的聚合物乳液粒度较小,具有良好的稳定性;经整理剂整理后的织物具有较好的拒油、拒水及耐洗性能;织物整理前后的透气性及撕裂强度变化不大,较好地保持了织物原有的透气性能及撕裂强度。     

建筑拒水粉防水工程调查

本文在建筑拒水粉屋面防水工程实地调查的基础上,根据调查的数据和实例,总结了成功的经验,分析了造成渗漏的原因,提出了改进的意见.