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排序方式: 共有1722条查询结果,搜索用时 156 毫秒
141.
Tomonobu Senjyu Ryosei Sakamoto Naomitsu Urasaki Toshihisa Funabashi Hideki Fujita Hideomi Sekine 《Electrical Engineering in Japan》2007,158(4):31-41
Effective utilization of renewable energies such as wind energy instead of fossil fuels is desirable. Wind energy is not constant and windmill output is proportional to the cube of the wind speed, which causes the generated power of wind turbine generators (WTGs) to fluctuate. In order to reduce the output power fluctuation of wind farms, this paper presents an output power leveling control strategy for a wind farm based on both the average wind farm output power and the standard deviation of the wind farm output power, a cooperative control strategy for WTGs, and pitch angle control using a generalized predictive controller (GPC) in all WTG operating regions. Simulation results using an actual detailed model for wind farm systems show the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 158(4): 31– 41, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience. wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20448 相似文献
142.
In this paper, the synthesis and solid-state structures of β-alkyl-substituted dipyrrolyldiketone BF2 complexes are discussed; these complexes can function as π-conjugated acyclic anion receptors (“molecular flippers”) and are potential building subunits of anion-responsive π-conjugated oligomers or polymers. Modes of the solid-state assemblies in these complexes determined by performing single-crystal X-ray analysis are found to depend on the lengths of the alkyl chains at the β-positions. A β-methyl-substituted receptor has a highly planar structure, which efficiently forms stacking assemblies in the core π-plane in the solid state, while a β-ethyl-substituted receptor shows no stacking assemblies due to the presence of bulky ethyl moieties, which form only dimeric structures by hydrogen bonding. β-Alkyl-substituted anion receptors can be used not only as monomer units of stimuli-responsive polymeric macromolecules but also as components of solid-state electronic materials. 相似文献
143.
Summary Poly(dithiafulvene)s having alkoxy group and mesogenic moiety in the side chain were prepared by cycloaddition polymerization.
The effects of the side chains on the structural and optical properties of poly(dithiafulvene)s in solution were investigated.
Furthermore, the film state properties of the polymers and their charge transfer complex with electron acceptor were studied
before and after annealing. 相似文献
144.
Fukuchi Y. Sakamoto T. Taira K. Kikuchi K. Kunimatsu D. Suzuki A. Ito H. 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》2002,14(9):1267-1269
In all-optical gate switches that employ the cascaded second-order nonlinear effect in quasi-phase-matched (QPM) LiNbO/sub 3/ devices, walkoff between the fundamental and second harmonic pulses is very large. The authors experimentally show that crosstalk of the switch induced by such walkoff limits the switching speed, but that the switching speed can significantly be enhanced by walkoff compensation. Using a 20-mm-long QPM LiNbO/sub 3/ waveguide device, the authors switch one of twin pulses separated by 6.25 ps without crosstalk, showing the possibility of switching a 160-Gb/s signal. 相似文献
145.
Shuyan Gao Naoto Koshizaki Hideo Tokuhisa Emiko Koyama Takeshi Sasaki Jae‐Kwan Kim Joonghyun Ryu Deok‐Soo Kim Yoshiki Shimizu 《Advanced functional materials》2010,20(1):78-86
Colloidal Au‐amplified surface plasmon resonance (SPR), like traditional SPR, is typically used to detect binding events on a thin noble metal film. The two major concerns in developing colloidal Au‐amplified SPR lie in 1) the instability, manifested as a change in morphology following immersion in organic solvents and aqueous solutions, and 2) the uncontrollable interparticle distance, determining probe spacing and inducing steric hindrance between neighboring probe molecules. This may introduce uncertainties into such detecting techniques, degrade the sensitivity, and become the barricade hampering colloidal Au‐based transducers from applications in sensing. In this paper, colloidal Au‐amplified SPR transducers are produced by using ultrathin Au/Al2O3 nanocomposite films via a radio frequency magnetron co‐sputtering method. Deposited Au/Al2O3 nanocomposite films exhibit superior stability, and average interparticle distances between Au nanoparticles with similar average sizes can be tuned by changing surface coverage. These characteristics are ascribed to the spacer function and rim confinement of dielectric Al2O3 and highlight their advantages for application in optimal nanoparticle‐amplified SPR, especially when the probe size is smaller than the target molecule size. This importance is demonstrated here for the binding of protein (streptavidin) targets to the probe (biotin) surface. In this case, the dielectric matrix Al2O3 is a main contributor, behaving as a spacer, tuning the concentration of Au nanoparticles, and manipulating the average interparticle distance, and thus guaranteeing an appropriate number of biotin molecules and expected near‐field coupling to obtain optimal sensing performance. 相似文献
146.
Naomichi Yamamoto Junko Nishikawa Miho Sakamoto Tomomi Shimizu Hideaki Matsuki 《Building and Environment》2010
Japanese cedar pollinosis (JCP) caused by allergenic cedar and cypress pollens is one of major economic and health issues in Japan. The present study reported here aimed to provide basic data to understand the status of early life exposures to airborne cedar and cypress pollens in school settings. In particular, the study investigated relationships between indoor and outdoor concentrations of airborne cedar and cypress pollens and total suspended particulates (TSP) in a kindergarten in Japan. Overall, outdoor concentrations of the airborne pollens and TSP were higher than the indoor concentrations, i.e., indoor to outdoor (I/O) ratios of 0.043–0.055 and 0.545 for the airborne pollens and TSP, respectively. The smaller I/O ratios for the pollens were expected because the larger pollen grains (20–30 μm in diameter) were less likely penetrated to indoor environment than for smaller airborne particulates. The present study also found increased TSP concentrations during the pollen season was likely attributed to increased airborne pollen concentrations. By understanding the status of indoor and outdoor concentrations of airborne cedar and cypress pollens in school settings, early life exposures to these allergenic pollens should be effectively minimized to prevent subsequent progression to JCP symptoms. 相似文献
147.
Kuniaki Kawaguchi Kazuhiro Mizuguchi Katsutoshi Suzuki Hideaki Sakamoto Toshio Oguni 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2010,118(4):1910-1920
We investigated the mechanical and physical characteristics of composites composed of polyacetal [alternatively called polyoxymethylene (POM)] and cellulose fiber (CelF) derived from wood pulp [10–52 wt % (9.3–50.1 vol %)] without any fiber surface treatment. The modulus, deflection temperature under load, and thermal conduction coefficient of the POM/CelF composites were effectively enhanced with increasing CelF content, and the composites had an advantage of specific modulus compared to glass fiber (GF)‐filled POM. The flexural modulus of POM/CelF 40 wt % (38.2 vol %) was measured to be about 6 GPa, which was comparable to that of POM/GF 20 wt % (12.1 vol %). In the composites, the CelFs were distributed randomly as monofilaments, and the debonding of the interface between the fibers and POM matrices in the fracture faces was confirmed as less by scanning electron microscopy observation. The POM/CelF composites possessed lower specific wear rates than the POM/GF composites, and they had damping behaviors near that of neat POM. No clear dependence of the melt flow index of the base POM on these characteristics was observed, except on Charpy impact strength. The composites studied here were unique in their performance and ability to be designed in accordance with specific demands, and they could be potential replacements for mineral‐filled and GF‐filled POM composites. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 相似文献
148.
The non-isothermally and isothermally crystallized stereodiblock copolymers of poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) and poly(d-lactide) (PDLA) with equimolar l-lactyl and d-lactyl units and different number-average molecular weights (Mn) of 3.9 × 103, 9.3 × 103, and 1.1 × 104 g mol−1, which are abbreviated as PLLA-b-PDLA copolymers, contained only stereocomplex crystallites as crystalline species, causing higher melting temperatures of the PLLA-b-PDLA copolymers compared to those of PLLA homopolymers. In the case of non-isothermal crystallization, the cold crystallization temperatures of the PLLA-b-PDLA copolymers during heating and cooling were respectively lower and higher than those of PLLA homopolymers, indicating accelerated crystallization of PLLA-b-PDLA copolymers. In the case of isothermal crystallization, in the crystallizable temperature range, the crystallinity (Xc) values of the PLLA-b-PDLA copolymers were lower than those of the PLLA homopolymers, and were susceptible to the effect of crystallization temperature in contrast to that of homopolymers. The radial growth rate of the spherulites (G) of the PLLA-b-PDLA copolymers was the highest at the middle Mn of 9.3 × 103 g mol−1. This trend is different from that of the PLLA homopolymers where the G values increased monotonically with a decrease in Mn, but seems to be caused by the upper critical Mn values of PLLA and PDLA chains as in the case of PLLA/PDLA blends (in other papers), above which homo-crystallites are formed in addition to stereocomplex crystallites. The disturbed crystallization of PLLA-b-PDLA copolymers compared to that of the PLLA/PDLA blend is attributable to the segmental connection between the PLLA and PDLA chains, which interrupted the free movement of those chains of the PLLA-b-PDLA copolymers during crystallization. The crystallite growth mechanism of the PLLA-b-PDLA copolymers was different from that of the PLLA/PDLA blend. 相似文献
149.
Yoshikatsu Higuchi Masayuki Sugawara Koji Onishi Masatomi Sakamoto Susumu Nakayama 《Ceramics International》2010
Electrical properties of LaxM6O12+1.5x (M = Si, Ge) as an electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) have been investigated. In LaxSi6O12+1.5x and LaxGe6O12+1.5x of x = 8–11, the highest conductivities were achieved at x = 9.7 (La9.7Si6O26.55) and x = 9.0 (La9.0(GeO4)6O1.5), respectively. The conductivity of La9.0(GeO4)6O1.5 was higher than that of La9.7Si6O26.55 in a temperature region higher than 700 °C, and the conductivity (2.4 × 10−3 S cm−1) of La9.7Si6O26.55 at 400 °C was higher than that (8.3 × 10−5 S cm−1) of La9.0(GeO4)6O1.5. The power densities of SOFC (H2 | Pt | electrolyte (thickness: 1 mm) | Pt | O2) using La9.0(GeO4)6O1.5 as an electrolyte were 14.3 mW cm−2 (700 °C) and 24.0 mW cm−2 (800 °C). The corresponding SOFC using La9.7Si6O26.55 was found to work even at lower temperatures of 400 and 500 °C with power densities of 0.011 and 0.12 mW cm−2. The SOFC (H2 | Ni–Sm0.2Ce0.8O1.9 | electrolyte | Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O2.5 | air) using 0.3 mm thickness La9.7Si6O26.55 electrolyte gave the 3.4 mW cm−2 power density at 500 °C. 相似文献
150.