电石渣制备球霰石碳酸钙的工艺及机理

为了高附加值利用电石渣以及封存CO₂，以电石渣为原料、甘氨酸（Gly）为添加剂，在常压下采用电石渣-CO₂反应法制备了高纯度球形球霰石碳酸钙.通过扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪等研究了Gly掺量对球霰石含量的影响以及球霰石的稳定性，并探讨了球霰石的形成机理及滤液中Gly的循环利用.结果表明：球霰石的含量随着Gly掺量的增加呈先增加后减少的趋势；制备的球霰石具有良好的热稳定性；在球霰石的形成过程中，碳酸钙由方解石和小针状文石晶体通过团聚、溶解和沉淀转化为表面有粗糙突起的球形球霰石；滤液中的Gly可以循环利用且不影响球霰石的含量；电石渣-CO₂反应法是一种简便、低成本、少污染制备球霰石的新工艺.     

Immunotherapeutic Hydrogel with Photothermal Induced Immunogenic Cell Death and STING Activation for Post-Surgical Treatment

Post-surgical tumor recurrence remains a major clinical concern for patients with malignant solid tumors. Herein, an immunotherapeutic hydrogel (SA_PBA/ZMC/ICG) is developed by incorporating metal ion-cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) nanoparticles (Zn-Mn-CDN, ZMC) and a photosensitizer (indocyanine green, ICG) into phenylboronic acid (PBA)-conjugated sodium alginate (SA_PBA) for photothermal therapy (PTT)-triggered in situ vaccination to inhibit post-surgical recurrence and metastasis of malignant tumors. The gelation of SA_PBA/ZMC/ICG in the residual tumors can achieve accurate local PTT and the local sustained release of CDN and Mn²⁺ with minimal detrimental off-target toxic effects. Furthermore, CDN, which is an agonist of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING), along with Mn²⁺ can activate the STING pathway and trigger type-I-IFN-driven immune responses against tumors. Therefore, the immunotherapeutic hydrogel with enhanced immune response by STING agonist and PTT-induced immunogenic cell death (ICD) reprograms the post-surgical immunosuppressive microenvironment, substantially decreasing the post-surgical recurrence and metastasis of solid tumors in multiple murine tumor models when administered during surgical resection. Taken together, PTT-triggered and STING-mediated in situ cancer vaccination is an effective therapeutic intervention for post-surgical recurrence and metastasis of tumors.