基于去极化电流特征参数分析法的油纸绝缘老化评估

以扩展德拜极化电路模型为基础,研究不同老化程度下去极化电流特征参数(弛豫贡献系数、时间常数、极化电阻、极化电容)的变化规律。提出一种可用于评估油纸绝缘老化状态的参数--弛豫能量,该参数可以充分地反映油纸绝缘系统各弛豫机构电能积累和释放的过程。现场实测数据分析结果表明:随着设备绝缘老化程度的加剧,弛豫贡献系数增加、时间常数减小、极化电阻减小、极化电容增大及弛豫能量增加;小时间常数支路和大时间常数支路的弛豫能量分别反映绝缘油和绝缘纸的老化状态。     

四川省大瑞乡泥石流灾害特征及减灾对策

在地质勘查的基础上,分析了大瑞乡泥石流形成条件、基本特征,并计算了泥石流的容重、流量、流速、冲出量等动力学参数,计算证明大瑞乡泥石流属于中频暴雨沟谷型泥石流。根据泥石流的具体情况和当地经济、社会、生态建设的需要,以及被保护对象的重要性,提出了"拦防结合"的防治对策。     

重力异常处理中小子域滤波法的改进

在重力资料处理中,小子域滤波法会导致异常边界严重失真。为了弥补这一缺陷,提出一种改进的小子域滤波法,通过对子域剖分方式的改进以达到提升计算速度和控制异常边界失真的效果。通过模型试验对该方法的可行性进行验证,试验结果表明:重力异常数据利用改进的小子域滤波法多次迭代计算后,可以较好地反映地质体边界的分布情况,失真现象得到明显抑制;利用该方法描绘出虎林盆地断裂分布图,得到了25条断裂的分布情况,与已有的地质资料存在很好的对应关系。     

基于横摆力矩控制的电动轮自卸车制动力分配策略

电动轮自卸车在左右附着系数不同的路面进行紧急制动时,会产生干扰横摆力矩,导致自卸车侧滑跑偏。为此,提出了一种基于横摆力矩控制的电动轮自卸车制动力分配策略,该策略采用参数模糊自整定PID控制器,根据横摆角速度偏差值分别调整制动时自卸车左轮和右轮的滑移率,自动分配左轮和右轮的制动力来直接实现横摆力矩控制。仿真分析结果表明:系统能够很好地实现电动轮自卸车制动力的合理分配;采用制动力分配策略后,最大侧滑距离从8.9 m减小为0.72 m。     

多孔大通量莫来石相碳化硅陶瓷的制备与表征

采用碳化硅作为陶瓷骨料,氧化铝和二氧化硅高温反应生成的莫来石作为陶瓷粘接剂,三氧化二钇作为烧结助剂,羧甲基纤维素钠作为生坯粘接剂,合成石墨作为造孔剂,在二氧化碳气氛下,1 450℃保温2 h,成功制备了以莫来石作粘结相的碳化硅多孔陶瓷,考察了不同莫来石组分对多孔陶瓷的物相组成、抗折强度、孔隙率、微观形貌及通孔孔径分布的影响.结果表明:随着莫来石质量分数的逐渐增加,多孔陶瓷的抗折强度先增加后降低,孔隙率逐渐降低;样品中莫来石的质量分数为25%时多孔陶瓷的性能最佳,其抗折强度为27.81 MPa,孔隙率为38.88%.多孔陶瓷的通孔孔径分布范围为1~8μm,以1~2μm的孔径为主.     

Formation mechanism of multi-functional black silicon based on optimized deep reactive ion etching technique with SF6/C4F8

This paper reports a controllable multi-functional black silicon surface with nanocone-forest structures fabricated by an optimized deep reactive ion etching(DRIE)technique using SF6/C4F8 in cyclic etching-passivation process,which is maskless,effective and controllable.The process conditions are investigated by systematically comparative experiments and core parameters have been figured out,including etching process parameters,pre-treatment,patterned silicon etching and inclined surface etching.Based on the experimental data,the formation mechanism of nanocone shape is developed,which provides a novel view for in-depth understanding of abnormal phenomena observed in the experiments under different process situations.After the optimization of the process parameters,the black silicon surfaces exhibit superhydrophobicity with tunable reflectance.Additionally,the quantitative relationship between nanocones aspect ratio and surface reflectance and static contact angle is obtained,which demonstrates that black silicon surfaces with unique functional properties(i.e.,cross-combination of reflectance and wettability)can be achieved by controlling the morphology of nanostructures.     

Safety threshold of high-speed railway pier settlement based on train-track-bridge dynamic interaction

This paper presents a method to determine the safety threshold of bridge pier settlement in high-speed railways.An analytical expression of the mapping relationship between the pier settlement and the rail deformation is derived theoretically for the double block ballastless track-bridge system.By adopting the superposition of the track random irregularity and the rail deformation caused by the pier settlement as the excitation inputs,the variations of vehicle dynamics indices with pier settlement are comparatively analyzed.Then,the safety threshold of the bridge pier settlement is obtained according to the limit of vehicle running safety and ride comfort indices of the high-speed trains.Results show that the dynamics indices of different trains have different sensitivities to the pier settlement,and the train CRH2C is the most sensitive one among all the types of Chinese high-speed trains.When passing through the bridges in common span with pier settlement at the speed of 250–350 km/h,the trains suffer the low-frequency excitations,and the vertical acceleration of car body is most sensitive to the pier settlement of all the dynamics indices.When the car body vertical acceleration just exceeds the allowable limit,the critical settlement value is 23.4 mm,which is much bigger than the pier differential settlement limit in the current code for Chinese high-speed railways.     

组合膜分离技术资源化处理印染废水工艺的研究

为解决印染废水的资源化处理问题,针对实际印染废水研究了以超滤和纳滤膜分离技术为核心的印染废水处理及回用工艺在工程上的可行性。实验结果表明:还原染料废水采用超滤系统处理,膜出水水质即能够满足印染厂内回用水质要求;活性染料废水通过纳滤浓缩能够获得较好的染料回收效果。采用双膜膜分离系统(UF+NF)能够使两种染料废水的污染物均得到明显去除,还原性染料废水的总悬浮物、COD、浊度和色度的去除率达到了100%、95.21%、92.86%和100%;活性染料废水上述各项指标去除率达到100%、82.85%、98.46%和99.43%。双膜膜分离系统适用于工业印染废水处理及染料回收,是资源化处理印染废水的发展方向。     

水平管内汽液两相流流型及换热特性数值模拟

为研究水平管内相变汽液两相流动流型变化,使用VOF模型和RSM湍流模型对其进行了数值模拟,分析了水平管内对流换热、压降及流型的变化．模拟结果表明:VOF模型和RSM湍流模型可用于模拟两相流流型中的泡状流、分层流、波状流、弹状流以及环状流;模拟结果与Mandhane流型图基本吻合;对流换热系数及压降与已有关联式吻合较好．     

GPS／SINS超紧组合导航系统自适应混合滤波算法

针对传统反馈校正滤波结构中,由于不可观测状态的反馈导致系统滤波精度下降,以及由于全球定位系统／捷联惯性导航系统(GPS／SINS,global positioning system／strapdown inertial navigation system)超紧组合导航系统量测方程的非线性导致滤波难度的增加等问题,本文重新推导了线性的量测方程,并将基于状态可观测性的混合校正滤波算法应用于该模型．通过对比三种主流可观测性分析方法,选用误差协方差阵的特征值和特征向量可观测性分析方法分析系统状态的可观测性．最后根据可观测性分析的结果制定自适应的反馈因子,从而对SINS和GPS接收机误差进行校正．仿真结果显示,该方法可以有效提高不完全可观测系统的估计精度．