Preparation of Iron Filler-Based Photocomposites and Application in 3D Printing

The introduction of metallic fillers to polymers via the photopolymerization approach can endow the composite materials with some unique properties, but the relevant research is still scarce due to the issue of light penetration and inner filter effect. Herein, for the first time the fabrication of photocomposites based on fine iron powder (i.e., a typical kind of metallic filler) is reported in this work. The free radical polymerization of two different acrylate monomers, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate and trimethylolpropane triacrylate, is performed in the presence of iron filler under mild conditions (i.e., light emitting diode (LED)@405 nm irradiation at room temperature under air). And the real-time Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveals remarkable photopolymerization kinetics of acrylates with high final conversions and fast polymerization rates despite the increasing contents of iron filler in the composites. Interestingly, the 3D printing technique is applied to the iron filler-based composites to produce tridimensional patterns with excellent spatial resolution. This work not only paves the way for the investigation of photocomposites based on metallic fillers through photochemical methods, but also broadens the potential application prospects.     

Hypoxia/Temperature/pH Triple Stimuli–Responsive Block Copolymers: Synthesis,Self-Assembly,and Controlled Drug Release

The amphiphilic block copolymer poly(methacrylic acid-co-2-nitroimidazole acrylate)-b-poly(2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (P(MAA-co-NIMA)-b-PDMAEMA) with the hypoxia/temperature/pH triple responsiveness is synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT), hydrolysis, and 3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-1-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) reactions, and successfully self-assembled into micelles. The hypoxia response in vitro is realized, and then the sensitivity of the self-assembled micelles to the hypoxia condition is studied by controlling the grafting amount of aminated 2-nitroimidazole. Because 2-(N,N-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) is a typical material sensitive to temperature and pH conditions, the self-assembled micelles are also responsive to temperature and different acidic/basic conditions. In addition, the cumulative release rate of doxorubicin (DOX) at 42 °C, pH = 6.0, and hypoxic conditions increases significantly, and verifies the synergistic promotion effect of the above stimulations. This intelligent polymer with triple response mechanism improves the controllability and efficiency of drug release, and is expected to be a drug carrier for cancer treatment.     

Room-Temperature Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries Using Metal Organic Framework Composited Comb-Like Methoxy Poly(ethylene glycol) Acrylate Solid Polymer Electrolytes

Solid polymer electrolyte with good thermal stability and flexibility is an excellent candidate for solid-state lithium metal batteries, while its low ionic conductivity caused by high crystallinity limits its application at ambient temperature. Here a metal organic framework (zeolitic imidazolate framework-8, ZIF-8) composited comb-like methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) acrylate polymer electrolyte (MCPE) with high ionic conductivity (9.96 × 10⁻⁵ S cm⁻¹ at 30 °C) is prepared by an in situ UV polymerization method. The as-prepared MCPE exhibits improved mechanical property due to the introduction of porous ZIF-8 nanofillers, which is beneficial to suppress the growth of lithium dendrites. Consequently, the LiFePO₄||MCPE||Li cells show a high capacity of 116 mAh g⁻¹ at 30 °C and 0.5 C, and maintain 89.4% of initial capacity after 150 cycles with the average Coulombic efficiency of 99.9%. These results demonstrate that the MCPE shows great potential in solid-state lithium metal batteries near room temperature.     

Biosorption behaviors of Cu, Zn, Cd and mixture by waste activated sludge

Biosorption of heavy metal ions, such as Cu²⁺, Cd²⁺ and Zn²⁺, was carried out using waste activated sludge from municipal sewage treatment plant as adsorption material, and the effects of parameters, such as pH value, temperature, reaction time and sorption duration, were studied in detail. The results indicate that the removal rates of Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺ and Cd²⁺ with low concentration are 96.47%, 80% and 90%, respectively, adsorbed by waste activated sludge. Little effect of dosage of activated sludge on the adsorption of Cu²⁺ and more effects on the adsorption of Zn²⁺ and Cd²⁺ are observed. Little effect of temperature is observed, while pH value and adsorption time exert important influence on the sorption process. The adsorption behaviors of heavy metal ions all have parabolic relationships with pH value. The optimum pH value is between 6 and 10, and the optimum adsorption time is 1 h. In single heavy metal ion system, the sorption processes of Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺ and Cd²⁺ are in accordance with Freundlich model, which indicates that it is suitable for the treatment of these three heavy metal ions using intermittent operation. In addition, the sorption capacity of the sludge for Cu²⁺ is preferential to the other two ions.     

提高铸造高速钢模具韧性和耐磨性的研究

用RF－Mg-Ti对低碳铸造高速钢（6W6Mo5C44V)模具材料进行变质处理，消除了钢中网状共晶碳化物，细化了基体组织，减轻了W、Mo元素偏析，变质处理后，高速钢硬度，红硬性和强度变化不大，但断裂韧性（K1c)和疲劳裂纹扩展门槛值（ΔKth)有所提高，冲击韧性（ak)提高1倍以上，耐磨性也明显提高，各项性能指标达到了锻造高速钢水平，用RE－Mg-Ti变质处理低碳铸造高速钢，可以实现“以铸代锻”。     

THEORETICAL INVESTIGATION ON BY-ONLY-CURRENT ELECTROMAGNETIC SEPARATION OF INCLUSION FROM MOLTEN METALS

The electromagnetic field under applied AC and DC current in round and rectangular pipe was systematically investigated, then a concept of "equivalent current density" was proposed for evaluating the inhomogeneous electromagnetic pinch force, and the mono-component removal efficiency and the overall removal efficiency of inclusion were formulated. It is founded that flat pipe is superior to round pipe for the electromagnetic removal of inclusion, and DC current can get a higher removal efficiency than A C current due to absence of skin phenomenon. Under usual condition, a removal efficiency of 52% for 10μm inclusion or more than 92% for 20μm inclusion can be achieved by imposing a current density of 3×106A/m2 in a flat pipe.     

陶瓷喷砂嘴的冲蚀磨损特性及其损坏机理

采用热压烧结工艺制备了Al2O3/TiC、Al2O3/(W,Ti)C和B4C陶瓷喷砂嘴.以SiC和Al2O3为冲蚀磨料进行了喷砂冲蚀试验.结果表明纯B4C陶瓷材料的烧结温度高、保温时间长、致密度低、晶粒粗,抗弯强度和断裂韧性低,但硬度最高;而Al2O3/TiC和Al2O3/(W,Ti)C陶瓷材料的烧结温度和保温时间比纯B4C陶瓷大大减小,致密度高,抗弯强度和断裂韧性比纯B4C陶瓷高1倍以上,但硬度相对低.对陶瓷喷砂嘴在磨料冲蚀下的应力状态进行了有限元分析,结果表明陶瓷喷嘴入口处所受的应力最大,出口次之,中间区域最小.B4C陶瓷喷砂嘴的最佳入口锥角为11°,而Al2O3/(W,Ti)C陶瓷喷砂嘴的最佳入口锥角为16°.陶瓷喷嘴入口和出口处的磨损机理主要表现脆性断裂;而中间区域的磨损机理主要表现为磨料颗粒对喷嘴内壁表面的研磨、抛光和微切削作用.     

用原料添加法提高钼粉粒度的探讨

叙述了在钼粉的工业化生产条件下采用原料添加法来提高最终粉末粒度，改善原料工艺性能的试验。研究表明：在钼酸铵原料中添加一定组份的钥粉，能有效地改善钼酸铵在动态焙解还原时的分散性和流动性，选择不同的添加量和添加粉粒度，可有效地把钼粉的ＦＳＳＳ粒度从２．５μｍ提高到４．２μｍ，从而可根据用粉要求，选择合适的添加工艺，来制取理想的钼粉。     

Ti5Nb人工钉扎中心NbTi超导体的磁通钉扎机制分析

采用棒基组合的装配方法，用热挤压和冷加工相结合的工艺制备了岛状Ti5Nb人工钉扎中心NbTi超导体，其中Ti5Nb体积含量为10％。通过对此超导体进行详细的磁通钉扎机制分析，认为样品的磁通钉扎力特征主要由正常相钉扎和Δκ扎相结合的机制决定。根据分析的结果，采用多源标度方法，很好地拟合了不同线径样品的磁通钉扎力密度随磁场变化的曲线。拟合的结果表明：样品在较低场下的性能主要由正常相钉扎机制决定，而在较高场下的性能主要由Δκ钉扎机制决定。并且随着线径的减小，正常相钉扎力密度和Δκ钉扎力密度均有不同程度的提高。     

TC11钛合金中氧铝偏析与脆性断裂

借助ＳＥＭ及ＥＤＡＸ、ＡＥＳ对某些ＴＣ１１钛合金棒材机械性能差的原因进行了研究。。结果表明材料延伸率、断面收缩率及冲击值低，显微硬度值高的拉伸和冲击断口上都呈现脆性解理断裂的断裂源，源区显微组织为条状α及空洞，且氧铝偏高。氧铝偏高造成α＋β→β相变温度和再结晶温度升高，使加工变形中形成的条状α在随后的热处理中得不到改变，并导致拉伸、冲击时的脆性断裂