Synthesis,structure and electrochemical properties of the cationic complex tris-(imidazolidine-1,10-phenanthroline)iron(II)

The complex [Fe^II(Imz-phen)₃](PF₆)₂, (Imz-phen = imidazolidine-[4,5-f]-1,10-phenanthroline) has been prepared and characterized using X-ray diffraction, UV–vis and IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, fast atomic bombardment (FAB) mass spectrometry, and cyclic voltammetry. Its crystal lattice includes acetonitrile (π–π bound to phenanthroline), methanol, and water molecules. Scanning continuously between 1000 mV and 1650 mV in CH₃CN, a modified electrode that includes the iron (II) complex is obtained; after the 25th continuous cycle a stable film is formed that is electrocatalytically active in the reduction of sulfur oxoanions. When the electrocatalytic properties are evaluated in ethanol/water solution, the current achieved from the electroreduction of these sulfur species is linearly dependent on the respective concentrations, suggesting potential application in sulfite determination.     

The surprising potency of implicit egotism: A reply to Simonsohn.

This article addresses Simonsohn's (2011) critique of field studies of implicit egotism. We argue that Simonsohn provides no compelling theoretical reason to believe that implicit egotism should be valid only in the laboratory. In addition, we argue that a careful analysis of most of Simonsohn's studies of implicit egotism shows that they provide little or no power to reveal real effects of implicit egotism. We conclude that it is more constructive to try to identify theoretically derived moderators of implicit egotism than to try to document that it is always spurious in the field. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Bulk modulus of basic sodalite, Na8[AlSiO4]6(OH)2·2H2O, a possible zeolitic precursor in coal-fly-ash-based geopolymers

Synthetic basic sodalite, Na₈[AlSiO₄]₆(OH)₂·2H₂O, cubic, P43n, (also known as hydroxysodalite hydrate) was prepared by the alkaline activation of amorphous aluminosilicate glass, obtained from the phase separation of Class F fly ash. The sample was subjected to a process similar to geopolymerization, using high concentrations of a NaOH solution at 90 °C for 24 hours. Basic sodalite was chosen as a representative analogue of the zeolite precursor existing in Na-based Class F fly ash geopolymers. To determine its bulk modulus, high-pressure synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction was applied using a diamond anvil cell (DAC) up to a pressure of 4.5 GPa. A curve-fit with a truncated third-order Birch–Murnaghan equation of state with a fixed K'_o = 4 to pressure-normalized volume data yielded the isothermal bulk modulus, K_o = 43 ± 4 GPa, indicating that basic sodalite is more compressible than sodalite, possibly due to a difference in interactions between the framework host and the guest molecules.     

CO adsorption in PdxCoyXz (X = Au,Mo, Ni) tertiary alloy nanocatalysts for PEM fuel cells—a theoretical analysis

Application of tertiary alloy nanoparticles is becoming more important, however, the local structure of such alloyed particles, which is critical for tailoring their properties, is not yet very clearly understood. In this study, we present detailed theoretical analysis on the atomistic structure and CO adsorption in Pd₇₀Co₂₀X₁₀ (X=Au, Mo, Ni) tertiary composite alloys for their application in fuel cells toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Basic structure and the most stable configurations for all the three composites are determined. Quantum mechanical approaches and classic molecular dynamics methods are applied to model the structure and to determine the lowest energy configurations. Our theoretical results agree well with the experimental results of XRD patterns. Considering those structures as the base, simulations were performed to determine the magnitude of CO poisoning. The results obtained by ab‐initio calculations allow us to estimate the CO‐tolerance that these catalysts might have, along with those obtained for Pd‐Co‐Ni (70:20:10 atom %) tertiary alloy, and compared with commercial Pt (1 1 0) catalyst. From these results, a comparison has been made to show different CO adsorption strengths. This is the first step to fabricate an efficient engineering design that allows us to obtain high‐performance, low‐cost nanostructured catalysts. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fully adaptive multiresolution schemes for strongly degenerate parabolic equations with discontinuous flux

A fully adaptive finite volume multiresolution scheme for one-dimensional strongly degenerate parabolic equations with discontinuous flux is presented. The numerical scheme is based on a finite volume discretization using the Engquist–Osher approximation for the flux and explicit time-stepping. An adaptive multiresolution scheme with cell averages is then used to speed up CPU time and meet memory requirements. A particular feature of our scheme is the storage of the multiresolution representation of the solution in a dynamic graded tree, for the sake of data compression and to facilitate navigation. Applications to traffic flow with driver reaction and a clarifier–thickener model illustrate the efficiency of this method.     

Extraction of yuxtaureteral suture, with ureteroscopy. A clinical case]

Severe protein deprivation at weaning provokes an arrest of cellular proliferation and maturation, and an increase of ADA and PNP activities in the thymus of growing rats. A 20% casein diet fed during 9 days was enough to reverse the effect on ADA and PNP. The supplementation with 24 mg/d of n-3 PUFA, was able to recover thymus' cellular proliferation and maturation.     

Assessing the Validity of Implicit Egotism: A Reply to Gallucci (2003).

B. W. Pelham, M. C. Mirenberg, and J. T. Jones (see record 2002-12744-001) argued that most people prefer stimuli that are associated with the self, a preference they called implicit egotism. In support of implicit egotism, Pelham et al presented evidence from 10 archival studies showing that people gravitate toward careers and places of residence that resemble their names or birthday numbers. M. Gallucci (see record 2003-09138-001) argued that alternate analyses of the same data provide strong evidence against implicit egotism. Whereas Gallucci was correct that Pelham et al's original analyses were flawed, their results remain significant even when more conservative tests are used. The authors also present new data in support of implicit egotism, including exhaustive studies of (a) common surnames and US city names and (b) common surnames and street names. The new studies also revealed that as sample sizes grow larger, studies are more likely to produce evidence of implicit egotism. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Instructed smoking expectancy modulates cue-elicited neural activity: a preliminary study.

In recent years, research applying functional neuroimaging to the study of cue-elicited drug craving has emerged. This research has begun to identify a distributed system of brain activity during drug craving. A review of this literature suggested that expectations regarding the opportunity to use a drug affected the pattern of neural responses elicited by drug cues. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we examined the effects of smoking expectancy on the neural response to neutral (e.g., roll of tape) and smoking-related (a cigarette) stimuli in male cigarette smokers deprived of nicotine for 8 hr. As predicted, several brain regions (e.g., the anterior cingulate cortex) exhibited differential activation during cigarette versus neutral cue exposure. Moreover, we found that subregions of the prefrontal cortex (i.e., ventromedial, ventrolateral, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices) showed cue-elicited activation that was modulated by smoking expectancy. These results highlight the importance of perceived drug use opportunity in the neurobiological response to drug cues.     

Administration of corticosterone after the first downshift trial enhances consummatory successive negative contrast.

Rats given access to a 32% sucrose solution and then downshifted to a 4% solution exhibit less contact with the sipper tube than unshifted controls always given access to 4% solution. This phenomenon, called consummatory successive negative contrast, was facilitated in Experiment 1 by a posttrial injection of corticosterone (3 mg/kg) administered immediately after the first downshift trial. Experiment 2 demonstrated that this facilitatory effect of posttrial corticosterone does not occur when administered 3 hr after the first downshift trial. These results support the hypothesis that corticosterone strengthens an aversive emotional component elicited by the surprising downshift in reward magnitude during the initial downshift trial. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)