Studies on the microstructure of the black-glazed bowl sherds excavated from the Jian kiln site of ancient China

The Jian kiln, located in present-day Jianyang county of Fujian province, mainly produced black-glazed tea bowls. Jian tea bowl was used as a utensil for tea tasting and was greatly appreciated by emperor Huizong of the Northern Song dynasty. The black glaze of Jian bowl was sometimes marked with streaks or spots, usually called “hare's fur” or “oil spot”, which are the crystalline markings of iron oxide precipitated during firing in the dragon kiln. In this study, black-glazed Jian bowl sherds excavated from the late Northern Song strata of Luhuaping and Daluhoumen Jian kiln sites were adopted as test samples. Based on the physico-chemical foundation for the formation of glaze microstructure, the correlation among composition, microstructure, and visual appearance has been investigated by means of energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and field emission electron microscopy. For the first time, the study provides realizing proofs for two kinds of microstructural forming mechanics.     

INDIRECT ACCELERATED ADAPTIVE FUZZY CONTROLLER

According to a type of normal nonlinear system, an indirect adaptive fuzzy （IAF） controller has been applied to those systems where no accurate mathematical models of the systems under control are available. To satisfy with system performance, an indirect accelerated adaptive fuzzy （IAAF） controller is proposed, and its general form is presented. The general form IAAF controller ensures necessary control criteria and system＇s global stability using Lyapunov Theorem. It has been proved that the close-loop system error converges to a small neighborhood of equilibrium point. The optimal IAAF controller is derived to guarantee the process＇s shortest settling time. Simulation results indicate the IAAF controller make the system more stable, accurate, and fast.     

鲜花保鲜技术及环境影响因素分析

通过介绍鲜花采收、预冷、贮存、运输、销售过程中的保鲜及保鲜方法,论述了采摘后鲜花保鲜过程中应注意的各个环节及影响因素,对保鲜技术在花卉市场中的应用以及各种保鲜技术进行总结,为鲜花保鲜市场提供了理论指导.     

依法管水科学治水确保我市经济的可持续发展

对于干旱半干旱地区来说，水资源的严重缺乏是制约当地经济社会发展的“瓶颈”。如何依法管水、科学治水，确保地方经济的可持续发展，始终是摆在我们水利工作者面前的重大课题。以《中华人民共和国水法》（以下简称新水法）为核心的我国现行的水法规体系，吸收了10多年来国内外水资源管理的新经验、新理念，把党和国家的治水方针、思路和目标通过法律的形式确定下来。新水法对我国面临的重大水问题均做出了有针对性的明确规定，既符合现代水法的趋势，又具有我国自己的特色。它以建立节水防污型社会、实现水资源的可持续利用，保证社会经济的可持续发展为目标，以提高用水效率为核心，把水资源的节约、保护、合理配置放在突出的位置，促进资源与社会经济、生态环境协调发展。新水法具有鲜明的时代性、针对性、科学性，体现了与时俱进的精神。与原水法相比具有以下的特点：一是强化了水资源的统一管理，注重水资源的合理配置。     

Effects of Y and Ce on Microstructures and Properties of Nb-Si System Composites

The effects of yttrium and cerium on microstructures and properties of Nb-Si system composites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy( SEM), energy dispersive spectrum(EDS), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and high temperature oxidation experiments.It is found that the coarse primary silicide phase became finer and more homogeneous with Y and Ce addition.The results of high temperature oxidation experiments show that the oxidation rates of NbSi system composites with an appropriate amount of Y and Ce decrease compared with those of alloys without Y or Ce addition, and oxidation products mainly distribute along the phase boundaries between the Nb solid solution and silicide.     

大功率开关电源的设计与实现

介绍了开关电源设计中需要考虑的几个基本问题,包括频率的确定、最大占孔比Dm的确定、逆变变压器的设计和开关功率管的选择,并以一种1 kW的PWM大功率半桥式开关电源为例,详细介绍实际的开关电源设计方案,并给出了实验结果.     

两相邻边固定另两边任意支承矩形厚板问题

在Ｒｅｉｓｓｎｅｒ厚板理论中，利用分离变量法得到挠度函数Ｗ（ｘ，ｙ）和应力函数ψ（ｘ，ｙ）的解。在这些解中．选择一些三角级数和多项式作为该问题的挠度函数Ｗ（ｘ，ｙ）和应力函数ψ（ｘ，ｙ），从而得到了两相邻边固定另两边任意支承矩形厚板弯曲问题的精确解．这里不需要繁琐地叠加．     

TiAl基合金表面改性对高温抗氧化性的影响

研究了渗碳处理ＴｉＡｌ基合金试样的高温氧化行为，发现渗碳处理可以在ＴｉＡｌ基合金试样表层形成致密的多层结构的渗碳层，并发生表层Ａｌ、Ｔｉ重新分配。致密的渗碳层具有良好的高温抗氧化性和高温热稳定性，同时，Ｔｉ、Ａｌ重新分配形成的富Ａｌ最外层也能进一步提高合金的抗氧化性。