地表水地源热泵冷凝热利用的优化及能效分析

建立了冷凝热利用热力学分析模型,根据热力学分析结果,确定冷凝温度、热水温度为影响冷凝热利用的关键因素.分析了影响因素变化时冷凝热利用的能效情况.结果表明,当冷凝温度达到40℃以上时,可获得接近50℃的热水,但此时机组的制冷能效将低于4.0.提出了结合机组能效确定热水温度的优化方法,优化得到的最佳热水设定温度范围为50～54℃,此时机组制冷能效大于4.5,综合能效大于5.6.     

废玻璃粒径对废玻璃砂浆耐高温性能的影响

用粒径1.18~5.00mm,600μm~1.18mm,300~600μm和＜300μm这4种废玻璃分别取代（质量分数）30%,60%,100%天然砂配制砂浆,测试砂浆在20,300,400,600,800,900℃的抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度.结果表明：在常温下,用粒径≥300μm废玻璃取代天然砂后,砂浆强度低于基准砂浆,且随废玻璃取代率增大而降低;用粒径＜300μm的废玻璃取代部分天然砂后,砂浆劈裂抗拉强度略大于基准砂浆,抗压强度则大大高于基准砂浆;所有配合比砂浆强度均随着加热温度的提高不断降低,强度与加热温度间呈良好的线性关系,相关系数大多＞0.980;用粒径＜300μm废玻璃取代60%以上天然砂,高温益化系数＞1.25,可显著提高砂浆的高温性能.     

浅议广州骑楼符号特征及应用

广州骑楼是具有自身性格特征的一道建筑景观,它凝聚着清末民初时期的政治、历史、经济和文化,体现着古今文化和中西文化的兼容并蓄.今以广州骑楼的历史文化演变为切入口,从建筑符号学的角度分析广州骑楼的内结构和外结构的符号特征,挖掘出其符号精神内涵,使之与现代设计相结合,实现可持续发展.     

连续配筋混凝土路面荷载应力的有限元分析

针对连续配筋混凝土路面的荷载应力问题,笔者应用有限元分析软件建立了不同路面板模型,并分析讨论了各个因素对路面中荷载应力的影响情况。分析计算表明,控制路面面层厚度和面层材料,可有效改善连续配筋混凝土路面中荷载应力的分布情况。该分析成果可对连续配筋混凝土路面的设计和施工提供一定的理论参考。     

氯化聚乙烯电缆料的配方优化

通过正交试验对氯化聚乙烯(CPE)电缆料配方进行优化,以CPE/三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)为基相,硫化剂DCP/助交联剂TAIC为硫化体系、炭黑为补强剂,并配以适量的阻燃剂和增塑剂,制备阻燃型电缆料。结果表明:电缆料的最佳配方为CPE 70,EPDM 30,炭黑10,氧化镁5,抗氧剂2,增塑剂DOP 5,硫化剂DCP 4,助交联剂TAIC 2.5,胶料综合性能较优,且满足电缆料要求。     

医药中间体废水实际工程处理效果分析

应用零价铁和双氧水耦合预处理医药中间体废水,后续进行厌氧和好氧处理。通过对300 d的工程处理效果分析,发现温度和硫酸盐含量是影响厌氧处理效果的重要原因。经Fe-H_2O_2、中和沉淀和生活污水调节后,实际医药中间体废水经厌氧处理,COD平均去除37.5%,NH_3-N含量平均升高为进水的3.15倍。厌氧出水经好氧系统处理后,COD平均去除70.1%,NH_3-N平均去除75.9%。实际工程运行数据表明,此工艺可以有效去除污染物,达到了当地接管标准。     

Synthesis and characterization of a novel fluorene‐alt‐carbazole polymer to host green,blue, and red phosphorescence

A novel fluorene‐alt‐carbazole polymer host Poly(9,9‐dioctyl‐9H‐fluorene‐2,7‐diyl‐alt‐N‐tetrahydropyran‐3,6‐carbazole) (PFCz), composed of N‐tetrahydropyran‐3,6‐carbazole and 9,9‐dioctyl‐2,7‐fluorene in the polymer backbone, was synthesized by Suzuki coupling. The PFCz possesses good thermal stability and proper lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO)/highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels to facilitate the injection and transport of electrons and holes. Upon doping with blue, green, and red phosphors, red ‐ green ‐ blue (R‐G‐B) phosphorescent devices hosted by PFCz have been fabricated and investigated. In contrast to those of blue and green devices, the red devices give better performances with a maximum luminous efficiency of 4.88 cd/A and a maximum power efficiency of 1.85% at 149.84 cd/m², due to favorable triplet energy level (E_T) of PFCz for red phosphor, bis(2‐methyldibenzo[f,h]quinoxaline)(acetylacetonate)iridium(III) [Ir(MDQ)₂(acac)]. Additionally, with different doped concentrations of Ir(MDQ)₂(acac), the PFCz‐related red devices emit nearly pure red light with Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.57, 0.38), (0.60, 0.38), (0.61, 0.38), and (0.62, 0.38), which were very close to the standard red (0.66, 0.34) by the National Television System Committee. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43234.     

基于特征选择和加权的电气故障诊断

为了获得理想的电气故障诊断结果,提出一种布谷鸟搜索算法选择特征和加权的电气故障诊断模型。首先采用Volterra级数提取电气故障诊断原始特征集,然后采用相关向量机作为分类器,用布谷鸟搜索算法选择最优特征子集,并赋予它们一定权值,最后采用仿真实验测试电气故障诊断性能。结果表明,所提方法的电气故障诊断正确率平均达到97%,可以满足电气故障诊断的实际应用,而且性能要优于其他电气故障诊断模型。     

Functional modification of poly(vinyl alcohol) by copolymerizing with a hydrophobic cationic double alkyl‐substituted monomer

In this paper, a hydrophobic monomer (HM) that has a cationic double alkyl‐substituted group bonded to the nitrogen atom was first synthesized. Then a hydrophobic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was prepared by a radical solution copolymerization of vinyl acetate (VAc) with the HM followed by an alcoholysis reaction in alkaline conditions. The structures of HM and hydrophobically modified PVA (H‐PVA) were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. The effect of hydrophobic cationic segments on crystallization behaviors, mechanical properties, morphology, solution viscosity, and hydrophobic property were investigated. The results indicated that the crystallinity decreased from 37.2% of pure PVA to the minimum 23.2% of H‐PVA with the incorporation of 1.15 mol % HM. The thermal decomposition temperature of H‐PVA increased by about 50 °C compared with that of pure PVA. The viscosity of the H‐PVA solution was several times higher than that of the corresponding unmodified PVA solution over the whole shear rate range, which demonstrated that the H‐PVA had good shear‐resistance ability. Furthermore, the contact angle was significantly increased from 55.1° to 115° with the incorporation of only 0.83% HM, which illustrated that the H‐PVA had high hydrophobicity. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43888.     

Determination of trace macrolide antibiotics in milk with online solid‐phase extraction with an ionic‐liquid‐based monolithic column

An ionic liquid (IL)‐based monolithic poly(ionic liquid glycidylmethacrylate‐co‐ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) column was prepared via in situ free‐radical polymerization with 1‐vinyl‐3‐butylimidazolium chlorine as one of the comonomers. The obtained monolithic column was used as the sorbent of solid‐phase extraction (SPE) and coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography for the simultaneous determination of the macrolide antibiotics roxithromycin (ROX) and acetylspiramycin (ACE) in processed pure milk. The monolithic column was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen absorption–desorption, mercury intrusion porosimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results reveal that the monolithic column exhibited a high selectivity and good permeability to the macrolide antibiotics in milk. The optimized method offered excellent linearity with a linear regression coefficient greater than 0.998. The precisions for interday and intraday were both less than 7.7%. The accuracies expressed by the recoveries for ROX and ACE were in the ranges 92.5–103.8 and 93.0–107.6%, respectively. Compared to the previous methods, this method had a low limit of detection and a good accuracy. As a result, the polymer IL based monolithic column could feasibly be used as a high‐selectivity online SPE sorbent for determining trace macrolide antibiotics in milk. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43943.