Quantitative determination of the iodine values of unsaturated plant oils using infrared and Raman spectroscopy methods

Thirteen edible oils: sunflower, avocado, hemp, high-linolenic flax, low-linolenic flax, safflower, walnut, roasted sesame, rice, corn, rapeseed, pumpkin seed, and hazel were studied in this work. Their fatty acid composition, iodine, acidic, peroxide, and saponification values were determined. Infrared and Raman spectra of the oils were recorded in the range 400–3200 cm^?1. The integral intensities of the bands at about 1655 and 2852 cm^?1 corresponding to ν(C=C) and ν(CH₂) vibrations were evaluated and used to construct a relationship between the spectroscopic data and the iodine value. The following linear dependencies were obtained: I_ν(C=C)/I_ν(CH2) = 7.449 × 10^?4 × iodine value – 0.0339 and I_ν(C=C)/I_ν(CH2) = 9.299 × 10^?4 × iodine value – 0.023 for the infrared and Raman spectra with a correlation coefficient 0.988 and 0.976, respectively. These calibration lines can be used to determine the iodine value for oils with unknown unsaturation level, and may be applied for margarines and other fatty materials.     

Physico‐chemical and technological studies on sugar beet roots

The morphological and chemical characteristics of ten varieties of sugar beet roots were evaluated during the season of 1996–1997. The best morphological characteristics were found in Top, Ito and Pamela varieties. The highest expected technological yield of sugar was found in Pamela and Top. The chemical constituents of different varieties of sugar‐beet roots showed significant differences. The suitability of sugar beet juice for preparing beet syrup as a new product was also evaluated and compared with sugar cane syrup. Purified beet‐syrups concentrated under vacuum or under atmospheric pressure showed more stability during storage than sugar cane syrup. The effect of storage conditions (at cold storage and at room temperature) and packaging materials (glass and polyethylene high‐density bottles) on properties of beet‐syrup and sugar cane syrup were also studied.     

Solubilization of Phenanthrene and Fluorene in Equimolar Binary Mixtures of Gemini/Conventional Surfactants

abstract This study deals with the enhanced solubilization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as phenan-threne (PHE) and fluorene (FLR) in a pure cationic gemini (G6) and three conventiona...     

Optimization of Novel Human Acellular Dermal Dressing Sterilization for Routine Use in Clinical Practice

Gamma rays and electrons with kinetic energy up to 10 MeV are routinely used to sterilize biomaterials. To date, the effects of irradiation upon human acellular dermal matrices (hADMs) remain to be fully elucidated. The optimal irradiation dosage remains a critical parameter affecting the final product structure and, by extension, its therapeutic potential. ADM slides were prepared by various digestion methods. The influence of various doses of radiation sterilization using a high-energy electron beam on the structure of collagen, the formation of free radicals and immune responses to non-irradiated (native) and irradiated hADM was investigated. The study of the structure changes was carried out using the following methods: immunohistology, immunoblotting, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. It was shown that radiation sterilization did not change the architecture and three-dimensional structure of hADM; however, it significantly influenced the degradation of collagen fibers and induced the production of free radicals in a dose-dependent manner. More importantly, the observed effects did not disrupt the therapeutic potential of the new transplants. Therefore, radiation sterilization at a dose of 35kGy can ensure high sterility of the dressing while maintaining its therapeutic potential.     

Statistical description of the effect of Zr addition on the behavior of microcracks in Cu–6Ni–2Mn–2Sn–2Al Alloy

As possible substitutes for high-strength Cu–Be alloys, Cu–6Ni–2Mn–2Sn–2Al alloys have been developed. To clarify the physical background of the effect of trace Zr on the fatigue strength of such alloys, the initiation and propagation behavior of a major crack that led to the fracture of the tested specimens was monitored. When the stress amplitude was less than σ _a = 350 MPa, the fatigue life of the alloys with Zr was about 2–2.5 times larger than that of the alloy without Zr. When σ _a > 350 MPa, the effect of Zr addition on the fatigue life dramatically decreases as the stress amplitude increases. The increased fatigue life due to Zr addition resulted from an enhancement of the crack initiation life and microcrack growth life. The enhanced crack initiation life was mainly attributed to the strengthening of grain boundaries due to the precipitation of SnZr compounds. A statistical analysis of the behavior of multiple cracks was made to quantitatively evaluate the scatter in fatigue behavior. The statistical analysis supported the conclusions obtained from the behavior of a major crack.     

基于多分类器集成的维吾尔文联机手写字母识别

多分类器组合能够在一定程度上弥补单个分类器的缺陷,因此它在模式识别中得到了广泛应用。深入调研国内外联机手写识别技术的研究动态,结合维吾尔文字母的独特书写风格,研究了基于多分类器集成的维吾尔语联机手写字母识别。利用5种不同的特征提取方法构造了5个独立的维吾尔语字母分类识别器,采用了等权投票和不等权投票等两种策略将5种维吾尔语字母分类识别器进行了有效组合。其中,单分类器采用了基于动态时间弯折（DTW）匹配距离的最近邻分类方法。实验结果表明,提出的集成策略的识别率明显高于单分类器的识别率,而且为特征的综合集成提供了多种有效途径。