Impact of Thermal Oxidation on Morphological,Structural and Magnetic Properties of Fe-Ni Wire-Like Nanochains

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A - This work presents the evolution of morphological, structural and magnetic properties of amorphous Fe-Ni wire-like nanochains caused by thermal...     

Current Diagnosis and Treatment Options for Cutaneous Adnexal Neoplasms with Apocrine and Eccrine Differentiation

Adnexal tumors of the skin are a rare group of benign and malignant neoplasms that exhibit morphological differentiation toward one or more of the adnexal epithelium types present in normal skin. Tumors deriving from apocrine or eccrine glands are highly heterogeneous and represent various histological entities. Macroscopic and dermatoscopic features of these tumors are unspecific; therefore, a specialized pathological examination is required to correctly diagnose patients. Limited treatment guidelines of adnexal tumor cases are available; thus, therapy is still challenging. Patients should be referred to high-volume skin cancer centers to receive an appropriate multidisciplinary treatment, affecting their outcome. The purpose of this review is to summarize currently available data on pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment approach for apocrine and eccrine tumors.     

Knotted Proteins under Tension

We study the behavior of two knotted proteins under stretching by a constant force within a coarse-grained structure-based model. One protein, with the structure code 1J85, has a knot that is deep and another, 2ETL, has a knot that is shallow. We demonstrate that tightening of the deep knot may take place before the ultimate end-to-end distance is achieved. However, as with proteins without knots, we observe the existence of a crossover between the low- and high-force regimes of the dependence of the mean unfolding time (as defined through properties of the end-to-end distance) on the applied force. We find little correlation between the unfolding time and the final placement of the tightened knot. We also consider the novel mechanical protection strategy in the single-molecule force spectroscopy of host-guest fusion proteins. We find that it should be useful in studies of guest proteins with knots in the constant-speed mode. However, at constant force, its usefulness is limited if the mechanostability of the host is larger than that of the guest molecule.     

Detection of shape deviations and measurement errors by a point cloud analysis

For the enhancement of technical workpiece surfaces with even larger dimensions, the application of microstructures on the surface is an appropriate way to improve the fitness for use without changing the properties of the basic material. Considering the extremely small dimensions of approximately 5–20 μm of the applied microstructure, the quality assurance faces new challenges related to the obtainment and evaluation of measurement data. This article presents an approach for the automated detection of shape deviations of a microstructure, as well as the detection of measurement errors during an optical or tactile measurement. The explained algorithm is based on the analysis of the measurement points within a point cloud by observing the distances between the single points. To illustrate the disturbance in the measurement point cloud every point is evaluated by an adaptive weighting function. The weighting of each measurement point can then be visualized by plotting the whole point cloud according to a corresponding color scale. The suitability of the point cloud analysis is demonstrated by the examples of a shape deviation (artificial groove) and a measurement error, occurred by measurement via confocal microscopy.