缅甸达贡山含镍风化壳地质地球化学特征及成矿作用

缅甸达贡山含镍超基性岩的代表性风化剖面显示,该风化壳发育层带结构,自上至下依次为红土盖层—褐铁矿层—腐岩层—基岩。元素在该风化剖面上的分布特征显示,在风化作用中SiO2、MgO、CaO、Na2O等大量淋失,而TiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3、MnO、Ni、Co、Cr2O3等则残留于岩体风化壳之中。Ni主要富集在腐岩层的中上部,平均含量1.56%（基岩Ni含量0.49%）,系由上部含镍溶胶下渗在（腐岩层）弱碱性环境中发生次生沉淀的结果。腐岩层是该区红土型镍矿的重要找矿标志层位,Ni次生富集带深度6～30 m。除有利于成矿的岩浆岩、气候以及大地构造条件外,适度的风化强度有利于Ni次生富集成矿。     

金融危机下的新思考——论高校班主任开展就业心理辅导工作

本文通过分析金融危机背景下的大学生就业危机心理现状,从班主任工作角度提出开展就业心理辅导工作的思考和建议,以此帮助大学生迈出人生中最关键的一步。本文特别提出了“就业心理辅导”的“近期”“远期”说,强调“就业心理辅导”的关键在“授之以渔”。     

Formation of aluminum-magnesium alloy cup by hydrodynamic deep drawing with twin-loading paths

In order to overcome the limitation of hydro-rim deep drawing, a new process of hydrodynamic deep drawing (HDD) with independent radial hydraulic pressure was proposed. By employing the dynamic explicit analytical software ETA/Dynaform5.5 which is based on LS-DYNA3D, the effects of independent radial hydraulic pressure on the stress, strain and the sheet-thickness of aluminum-magnesium cylindrical cup with a hemispherical bottom were analyzed by numerical simulation. The feature of stress distribution is that there exists a stress-dividing circle in the flange, and the radius of dividing circle was determined by theoretical analysis and stimulation. The experimental results indicate that the reasonable match of independent radial hydraulic pressure and liquid chamber pressure can effectively reduce the thinning at the bottom of hemisphere, decrease the radial stress-strain, and improve the drawing limit of aluminum-magnesium alloy cylindrical cup. Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.50525516, 50875062)     

Possible origins for paramagnetic-ferromagnetic and insulator-metal transitions as well as colossal magnetoresistance in manganites

Systematical investigations of zero-field resistivity, magnetoresistance and magnetization were performed for a typical manganese compound La_2/3Ca_1/3MnO₃. It is argued that the common origin for insulator-metal and paramagenetic ferromagnetic-transitions as well as colossal magnetoresistance is due to the formation of ferromagnetic clusters in the paramagnetic background. The transition to metallic state is resulted from percolation of ferromagnetic metallic clusters, while the colossal magnetoresistance is due to the application of magnetic field, which accelerates the growth of ferromagnetic metallic clusters and causes the shift of the onset temperature for the metallic percolation to higher temperature. Based on the random resistor network model, the zero-field resistivity versus temperature dependence is simulated by using experimental parameters, and experimental data well agree with those in whole temperature range, giving a strong support to our approach.     

Synthesis and luminescence properties of red phosphor CaO: Eu3+

Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O, Eu(NO₃)₃ and H₂C₂O₄·2H₂O were adopted to synthesize CaO: Eu³⁺ with the chemical co-precipitation method, and the effects of the calcination temperature and Eu³⁺ doping concentration on the phosphor structure and its luminescent properties were investigated by TG-SDTA, XRD, and PL-PLE. The results confirm that the Eu³⁺ ions as luminescent centers substitutes Ca²⁺ sites without changing the crystal structure of cubic CaO. The optimum calcination temperature and the optimum concentration of Eu³⁺ are 1 100 ° and 1 mol%, respectively, under which the best crystallinity and highest PL intensity appeared. The maximum emission wavelength is 592 nm (⁵D₀→⁷F₁) which is excited by xenon lamp with the wavelength of 200–280 nm, indicating that the Eu³⁺ ion mainly locates in the symmetric position (O_h) in the crystal lattice of CaO. Funded by the Science and Technology Bureau of Sichun Province(No. 2006J13-059) and Education Bureau of Sichun Province (No. 2006A094)     

BiMnO3的铁电铁磁机制,轨道有序和自旋有序的第一原理

为了探讨多铁材料铁电畸变的根本机制及其电子结构对于性能的影响,采用基于密度泛函理论的广义梯度近似方法,对多铁材料BiMnO3的高温顺电顺磁相、室温铁电顺磁相和低温铁电铁磁相的电子结构做了第一原理计算.对态密度、电子密度以及Mulliken电荷等计算结果的分析表明:Bi-6p轨道与O-2p轨道间的选择性共价作用增强是铁电畸变的首要引发因素,6s电子的极化也是其导致的效应之一.对与多铁现象共生的轨道有序和自旋有序的研究指出了去中心化的晶格畸变、Jahn-Teller畸变和自旋失措引发的晶格畸变三者之间的相互耦合以及耦合对铁电铁磁性的影响.     

天然气管道瞬变流动数值模拟新算法

针对管道中介质瞬变流动的非线性偏微分方程组难以解析求解的问题,由质量、动量、能量三个偏微分方程构成的控制方程组,应用TVD/Godunov混合算法数值模拟天然气管道中气体的瞬变流动,摒弃了传统的差分方法对动量方程非线性对流项的线性化处理,而直接处理非线性对流项,从而大大提高了算法的稳定性和管道瞬变流动的仿真精度.算法采用了时间分裂法描述不完全堵塞管道,没有作等温假设,进一步增进了数值模拟的精度与合理性,获得了理想精度的计算结果.     

利用玉米秸秆制备高吸水树脂

将玉米秸秆预处理后与丙烯酸接枝共聚制备高吸水性树脂,采用单因素实验确定了合成条件中各因素的最佳水平:θ=45℃,引发剂中过硫酸钾用量为单体质量的0.8%,交联剂N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBAM)用量为单体质量的0.6%,m(AA)∶m(玉米秸秆)=8∶1,丙烯酸中和度为70%,t=4 h。对最佳条件下制备的树脂进行了性能测试,对秸秆预处理前后及产物进行了扫描电镜分析。结果表明,该树脂具有良好的吸水、保水性能,吸水率最高达到291 g.g-1,吸盐水率达到49 g.g-1。     

江西省农业旱情预测模型的建立与应用

根据农业用地的不同性质分别建立旱地缺墒模型,灌溉水田、水浇地、菜地与望天田缺水度模型,并据此建立江西省农业旱情预测模型,对江西省农业旱情进行预测.为科学抗旱和减少旱灾损失提供依据和指导.     

Relationship of hydrocarbon and source-rock in Nos.3-5 tectonic belts of the Lenghu area, northern Qaidam Basin

Based on analyses of the components of crude oil hydrocarbons and carbon isotopes, the content of normal alkane de-creased from 49.00% to 20.10% when moving from the No.3 to No.5 tectonic belt of the Lenghu area of the Qaidam Basin, while cycloalkanes increased from 30.00% to 52.20% and aromatic and branch chain alkanes increased gradually as well. The maturity of sterane in crude oil is higher than that of its source-rock, which shows that the hydrocarbons were generated from a deep source-rock of high maturity around the tectonic belts of the Lenghu area. The analysis of the characteristics of carbon isotopes also shows that these isotopes of hydrocarbon compounds in the No.4 and No.5 tectonic belt are apparently heavier than those in the No.3 belt. The results of our research show that the hydrocarbons in the No.3 tectonic belt are mainly from a relatively rich sapropelic substance, while the hydrocarbons in the No.4 and No.5 tectonic belt originated mainly from organic matter of a rela-tively rich humic type substance.