中国电价调整经济影响的投入产出分析

中国国家发展改革委员会在2008年6月19日宣布调整部分能源产品价格,其中,规定自7月1日起将全国销售电价平均每kW.h提高2.5分钱。电力工业作为一个基础性的能源产业,其产品渗透到了经济体的各个方面,对经济发展和社会进步起着不可低估的作用,其价格调整必将引起相关产业部门的相应调整,进而影响到整个经济体的运行和社会生活的稳定。基于投入产出方法,量化了此次电价调整对经济的影响,并设定了不同的调价方案,分析了不同调价方案对经济运行的影响程度。通过分析,得出的结论是:此次电价调整在社会可承受范围之内,不会对经济产生太大的不利影响,未来的电价仍然有调升的空间;电价变动对不同部门产生的影响不同,在制定电价政策时,应充分考虑各个部门的承受能力,做到既有利于电力工业发展,又有利于产业结构的优化。     

正负关联规则挖掘

针对传统的关联规则数据挖掘的支持度-置信度框架存在很多缺陷,同时研究正负关联规则时可能产生很多问题的情况,阐述了在正负关联规则挖掘中,如何利用允许用户指定多重最小支持度来反应数据库中项的性质和它们各种各样的频率,并通过设置相关度提高挖掘效率.实验结果显示该方法是有效的.     

胆固醇氧化酶高产菌株的诱变选育及产酶条件优化

在对细脚拟青霉、玫烟色拟青霉、粉拟青霉、香菇、平菇、金针菇等胆固醇氧化酶产生菌初筛的基础上．选择以产酶较高的玫烟色拟青霉作为紫外诱变的出发菌株,筛选出一株相对高产突变菌株MFEC006,其酶活达到了0．5483U／mL,比出发菌株提高了154％,经8次传代培养,突变株性质稳定．对MFEC006菌株产酶条件进行优化,得出其最佳产酶条件为：pH为6．5,温度27℃,接种量10％,摇床转速180r／min．     

Impact fracture behavior of clay-reinforced polypropylene nanocomposites

The micromechanism of plastic deformation during impact loading of polypropylene-clay nanocomposites is examined and compared with the unreinforced polypropylene under identical conditions of processing to underscore the determining role of clay. The addition of clay to polypropylene increases the impact strength in the temperature range of 0 to +70 °C. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques provided an understanding of the micromechanism of plastic deformation in terms of the response of the polymer matrix, nucleating capability of the reinforcement, crystal structure, percentage crystallinity, lamellae thickness, and particle-matrix interface. The enhancement of toughness on reinforcement of polypropylene with nanoclay is associated with change in the primary mechanism of plastic deformation from crazing and vein-type in neat polypropylene to microvoid-coalescence-fibrillation process in the nanocomposite.     

仿土质专用肥的开发和应用前景

本文介绍了基于某些名、优农产品在其生长过程中所需要的特定敏感元素,配制出“仿土质”专用肥。经施用证明,肥效显著,经济效益可观,具有推广应用的前景。     

New liquid membrane technology for simultaneous extraction and stripping of copper(II) from wastewater

In this paper, a new liquid membrane technique, hollow fiber renewal liquid membrane (HFRLM), is presented, which is based on the surface renewal theory, and integrates the advantages of fiber membrane extraction, liquid film permeation and other liquid membrane processes. The results from the system of CuSO₄+D2EHPA in kerosene+HCl show that the HFRLM process is very stable. The liquid membrane is renewed constantly during the process, the direct contact of organic droplets and aqueous phase provides large mass transfer area. These effects can significantly reduce the mass transfer resistance in the lumen side. Then the mixture of feed phase and organic phase flowing through the lumen side gives a higher mass transfer rate than that of stripping phase and organic phase, because the aqueous layer diffusion of feed phase is the rate-controlling step. The overall mass transfer coefficient increases with increasing flow rates and D2EHPA concentration in the organic phase, and with decreasing initial copper concentration in the feed phase. The overall mass transfer coefficient also increases with increasing pH in the feed phase, and reaches a maximum value at pH of 4.44, then decreases. Also, there is a favorable w/o volume ratio of 20:1 to 30:1 for this process. Compared with hollow fiber supported liquid membrane and hollow fiber membrane extraction processes, HFRLM process has a high mass transfer rate. Mathematical model for the HFRLM process based on the surface renewal theory is developed. The calculated results are in good agreement with experimental results under the conditions studied.     

Synthesis and structure of the n = 4 member of the framework aluminium alkylenediphosphonate series Al2[O3PCnH2nPO3](H2O)2F2

We report here the solvothermal synthesis and crystal structure of the hybrid inorganic-organic framework material Al₂[O₃PC₄H₈PO₃](H₂O)₂F₂⋅2H₂O (monoclinic, 1P2₁/m, a = 4.961(2) ?, b = 11.930(5) ?, c = 10.727(5) ?, β = 93.972(6)^∘, Z = 2, R(F, F² > 2σ) = 0.094, R_w(F², all data) = 0.262), the third member of the Al₂[O₃PC_nH_2nPO₃](H₂O)₂F₂ framework series. The structure is formed from corrugated chains of corner-sharing AlO₄F₂ octahedra in which alternating AlO₄F₂ octahedra contain two fluorine atoms in a trans or a cis configuration. The diphosphonate groups link the chains together through Al-O-P-O-Al bridges and through the butyl groups to form a three-dimensional framework structure containing a one-dimensional channel system consisting of one type of channel only. The channels contain four extra-framework water molecules per unit cell. The formation of this member of the series shows that the form of the alkyl chain can successfully define the number of channel types and the channel length in this hybrid framework system.     

活化硅灰石粉新型填料的研制以及在PVC电缆料上的应用

本文介绍新型填料活化硅灰石粉的研制以及在ＰＶＣ电缆料上的应用，并建立了一种活化指数新概念来判断活化效果。经表面活化处理后的活性硅灰石粉吸水率降低、吸油率变小、粒径变细、活化指数〉９．０。由活性硅灰石粉在ＰＶＣ电缆料中的填充试验表明，在原配方基础上添加１０份活性硅灰石粉，电缆料性能良好，符合国家标准，成本降低。     

小波域视觉密码零水印算法

目的传统零水印算法需要构造包含图像特征的水印数据,这样构造的水印往往是无意义的。在已有视觉密码鲁棒水印算法基础上,结合零水印思想,提出小波域视觉密码零水印算法。方法零水印不仅仅是由载体图像生成的,而是其与水印信息共同制造的视觉秘密图份。算法产生2幅图份:主图份(图像特征信息)和所有权图份(零水印)。首先,将载体图像通过合理置乱,去除像素相关性;其次,对置乱后的图像做小波变换,再将小波低频子带分块并对各块做奇异值分解,通过比较块特征值与块特征值均值生成过渡矩阵;然后,将生成的过渡矩阵结合2×2视觉秘密图份算法生成主图份;最后,结合主图份和秘密水印信息产生所有权图份,同时将其保存到认证中心。结果针对零水印信息不够直观,在不对载体进行任何改动的情况下,将有意义二值图像作为零水印嵌入到载体图像中去。即使在很强的鲁棒干扰环境中,本文方法仍然比传统的零水印算法表现出色。结论提出了一种可靠的图像版权认证零水印算法。实验结果表明,算法具有良好的安全性,同时对多种图像处理具有很好的鲁棒性。     

超视距空战飞行轨迹建模及仿真

超视距多目标攻击逻辑决策和空战态势评估是超视距空战研究的主要方面,但对空战战术影响较大的战机飞行轨迹和飞行参数的研究较少.通过对超视距空战和视距内空战的比较,分析了超视距空战的空战过程.根据超视距空战迎头攻击战术的特点,建立了相应飞行轨迹的数学模型,并求解了载机速度、载机发射导弹速度、转弯速度、载机转弯半径、目标机速度、载机飞行时间、转弯时间和导弹飞行时间之间的关系.通过仿真分析了飞行参数对飞行轨迹的影响,并根据载机性能约束条件,求解了飞行参数的最优解.仿真结果表明,飞行轨迹模型和最优飞行参数设计的合理性和可信性,可为超视距空战战术、战法决策等作战应用提供重要参考.