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51.
Bera L.K. Mukherjee-Roy M. Abidha B. Agarwal A. Loh W.Y. Tung C.H. Kumar R. Trigg A.D. Foo Y.L. Tripathy S. Lo G.Q. Balasubramanian N. Kwong D.L. 《Electron Device Letters, IEEE》2006,27(5):350-353
This letter reports on an integration of dual-strained surface-channel CMOS structure, i.e., tensile-strained Si n-MOSFET and compressive strained-SiGe p-MOSFET. This has been accomplished by forming the relaxed and compressive strained-SiGe layers simultaneously on an Si/SiGe-on-insulator (SOI) substrate, through varying SiGe film thicknesses, followed by a thermal condensation technique to convert the Si body into SiGe with different [Ge] concentration and with different strains (including the relaxed state). A thin Si film was selectively deposited over the relaxed SiGe region. The p-MOSFET in compressive (/spl epsiv//spl sim/ -1.07%) strained- Si/sub 0.55/Ge/sub 0.45/ and the n-MOSFET in tensile-strained Si over the relaxed Si/sub 0.80/Ge/sub 0.20/ exhibited significant hole (enhancement factor /spl sim/ 1.9) and electron (enhancement factor /spl sim/ 1.6) mobility enhancements over the Si reference. 相似文献
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The effect of treatment with slow release implants containing the GnRH agonist, deslorelin, was investigated in female tammar wallabies. Pouch young were removed from 16 wallabies presumed to be carrying quiescent blastocysts. Eight received a 5 mg deslorelin implant and eight received a placebo implant. Animals were caught daily from day 25 to day 30 and their pouches inspected for newborn young and their urogenital sinus checked for a copulatory plug. Treatment with deslorelin did not affect reactivation of a dormant blastocyst and subsequent birth in 4/8 animals, but post-partum mating was inhibited in these animals. Five control and five treated animals were killed within 0-48 h post partum and their reproductive tracts analysed. At autopsy, all five control animals had large preovulatory follicles but only one deslorelin-treated animal showed signs of follicular development. These differences were also reflected in the weights of the lateral vaginae, with treated animals showing no evidence of oestrogenic stimulation. The remaining three control and three treated animals were monitored for approximately 2 years. The long-term contraceptive effects of a single 5 mg deslorelin implant lasted for just under one year. These results indicate that slow release deslorelin implants inhibit follicular development in the female tammar wallaby for extended periods of time and may have potential application in reproductive management of captive marsupials in the kangaroo family. 相似文献
54.
Herbert CA Trigg TE Renfree MB Shaw G Eckery DC Cooper DW 《Reproduction (Cambridge, England)》2005,129(3):361-369
The contraceptive and endocrine effects of long-term treatment with implants containing the GnRH agonist deslorelin were investigated in female tammar wallabies (Macropus eugenii). Fertility was successfully inhibited for 515 +/- 87 days after treatment with a 5 mg deslorelin implant (n = 7), while control animals gave birth to their first young 159 +/- 47 days after placebo implant administration (n = 8). The duration of contraception was highly variable, ranging from 344 to 761 days. The strict reproductive seasonality in the tammar wallaby was maintained once the implant had expired. This inhibition of reproduction was associated with a significant reduction in basal LH concentrations and a cessation of oestrous cycles, as evidenced by low progesterone concentrations. There was evidence to suggest that some aspect of either blastocyst survival, luteal reactivation, pregnancy or birth may be affected by deslorelin treatment in some animals. These results show that long-term inhibition of fertility in the female tammar wallaby is possible using slow-release deslorelin implants. The effects of deslorelin treatment were fully reversible and there was no evidence of negative side effects. Slow-release GnRH agonist implants may represent a practicable method for reproductive management of captive and semi-wild populations of marsupials. 相似文献
55.
Puyam?S.?SinghEmail author Tim?Bastow Mark?Trigg 《Journal of Materials Science》2005,40(15):3951-3961
A systematic study of geopolymers by 29Si and 27Al MAS NMR has been carried out in an attempt to understand polymer structural details. 27Al MAS NMR data shows that transient aluminium species are formed during the reaction of metakaolin with NaOH. Interaction of silicate anions with the aluminium sites of metakaolin was evident during the synthesis of geopolymers as observed from low field shift of 29Si MAS NMR resonance lines of silicate centres. As the reaction progresses, the coordination of aluminium (IV, V and VI) in metakaolin changes almost completely to IV. 29Si MAS NMR of selected compositions of the ternary system of sodium silicate, metakaolin and aqueous alkali reveals that geopolymerisation occurs in a distinct compositional region. At high alkalinity [> 30% (mol/mol) overall Na2O content], connectivity of silicate anions is reduced, consistent with poor polymerisation. At low alkalinity [<10% (mol/mol) overall Na2O content], a clear 29Si NMR resonance line due to unconverted metakaolin is observed. NMR spectra were recorded from a series of samples with a fixed Na2O content (20 mol%) and varied SiO2/Al2O3 ratio to observe aluminium substitution in the cross-linked silicon tetrahedra of polymer network. Aluminium insertion into the silicate network is confirmed from the observed 29Si NMR shift as a function of Si/Al ratio. The identification of the presence or absence of metakaolin in the cured geopolymer product is not possible even by 29Si NMR as the signal from metakaolin is indistinguishable from a broad 29Si NMR peak consisting of many resonance lines from the network of cross-linked silicon/aluminium tetrahedra. In an attempt to identify metakaolin signal, we prepared geopolymers with higher SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratios. Since aluminium substitutions in the silicate tetrahedral network are decreased, this results in better-resolved 29Si NMR lines. The 29Si NMR signal due to metakaolin is then distinguishable in the spectra of cured products in a series of samples with 3 to 11 mol% metakaolin. These results indicate that a geopolymer structure is a network of silicon/aluminium tetrahedra with some presence of unreacted metakaolin. The silicon/aluminium tetrahedra might have connectivity ranging from 1 to 4. 相似文献
56.
M Prinz-Zaiss AN Yeap V Moguilevski L Trigg BP McGrath 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1995,22(6-7):472-474
1. Two groups of age- and sex-matched subjects, eight healthy controls and 10 patients, suffering from recurrent vasodepressor syncope, participated in a study to examine autonomic function and sequential changes in power distribution of heart rate (HR) variability during graded head-up tilt. 2. The following autonomic function tests were performed: valsalva ratio, HR responses to deep breathing and posture, BP responses to sustained handgrip and postural change. Each subject was tilted at 15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 80 degrees head-up, each for 15 min, or until symptoms occurred. The eight control subjects completed the tilt study without any symptoms, while all 10 patients developed presyncope and/or syncope at various tilt angles. 3. Resting blood pressure (BP) was lower in the patient group, while resting HR, autonomic function tests and resting HR variability components were similar in the two groups. 4. The control group showed a progressive increase in low frequency power component (LF) from supine to end tilt (delta LF 20.06 +/- 14.50%) and a progressive fall in high frequency (HF) component (delta HF - 24.62 +/- 10.64%). In contrast, in the patient group, LF fell during tilt in the presyncope period (delta LF - 10.57 +/- 12.93%, P < 0.01 vs control group). HF and HF:LF ratio responses did not differ significantly in the two groups. 5. At end tilt, the increase in plasma noradrenaline was significantly greater in the control group than in the patient group (delta NA 0.83 +/- 0.27 vs 0.28 +/- 0.14 pmol/mL, P < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
57.
Technical Note: Naive Bayes for Regression 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Despite its simplicity, the naive Bayes learning scheme performs well on most classification tasks, and is often significantly more accurate than more sophisticated methods. Although the probability estimates that it produces can be inaccurate, it often assigns maximum probability to the correct class. This suggests that its good performance might be restricted to situations where the output is categorical. It is therefore interesting to see how it performs in domains where the predicted value is numeric, because in this case, predictions are more sensitive to inaccurate probability estimates.This paper shows how to apply the naive Bayes methodology to numeric prediction (i.e., regression) tasks by modeling the probability distribution of the target value with kernel density estimators, and compares it to linear regression, locally weighted linear regression, and a method that produces model trees—decision trees with linear regression functions at the leaves. Although we exhibit an artificial dataset for which naive Bayes is the method of choice, on real-world datasets it is almost uniformly worse than locally weighted linear regression and model trees. The comparison with linear regression depends on the error measure: for one measure naive Bayes performs similarly, while for another it is worse. We also show that standard naive Bayes applied to regression problems by discretizing the target value performs similarly badly. We then present empirical evidence that isolates naive Bayes' independence assumption as the culprit for its poor performance in the regression setting. These results indicate that the simplistic statistical assumption that naive Bayes makes is indeed more restrictive for regression than for classification. 相似文献
58.
A.D. Trigg 《Microelectronics Reliability》2012,52(8):1581-1585
A modular test chip comprising an array of 2 mm square modules has been designed and fabricated. The maximum chip size can be up to 10 mm square, i.e. a 5 × 5 array of modules. The motivation behind the test chip is primarily the need to address reliability concerns in the use of copper wire bonding. It is known that the move to replace gold wire bonding with copper, driven primarily by the escalating price of gold, leads to reliability challenges at the interfaces between the wire bonds, the bond pads and the mould compound. Its function is to address. The chip comprises daisy chain structures to monitor changes of wire bond resistance and leakage current, large and small area stress sensors to measure stress on the chip associated with die attach and moulding, and comb and triple track sensors to study corrosion and moisture penetration related to mould compound. 相似文献