Sensitive Detection of Carcinoembryonic Antigen Using Stability‐Limited Few‐Layer Black Phosphorus as an Electron Donor and a Reservoir

The instability of few‐layer black phosphorus (FL‐BP) hampers its further applications. Here, it can be demonstrated that the instability of FL‐BP can also be the advantage for application in biosensor. First, gold nanoparticle/FL‐BP (BP‐Au) hybrid is facilely synthesized by mixing Au precursor with FL‐BP. BP‐Au shows outstanding catalytic activity (K = 1120 s^?1 g^?1) and low activation energy (17.53 kJ mol^?1) for reducing 4‐nitrophenol, which is attributed to the electron‐reservoir and electron‐donor properties of FL‐BP, and synergistic interaction of Au nanoparticles and FL‐BP. Oxidation of FL‐BP after catalytic reaction is further confirmed by transmission electron microscope, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and zeta potentials. Second, the catalytic activity of BP‐Au can be reversibly switched from “inactive” to “active” upon treatment with antibody and antigen in solution, thus providing a versatile platform for label‐free colorimetric detection of biomarkers. The sensor shows a wide detection range (1 pg mL^?1 to –10 µg mL^?1), high sensitivity (0.20 pg mL^?1), and selectivity for detecting carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Finally, the biosensor has been used to detect CEA in colon and breast cancer clinical samples with satisfactory results. Therefore, the instability of BP can also be the advantage for application in detecting cancer biomarker in clinic.     

适合小管径空调器的分配器分流性能评价与结构优化

为了开发具有最佳流量分配性能的小管径空调分配器,本文采用数值仿真和空气-水实验相结合的方法评价了常用分配器的分流性能,提出分配器的结构优化方法,并利用空调整机实验验证了该结构优化方法的改进效果。对于三种比较适合于小管径空调器的分配器进行的实验和计算表明,插孔式分配器的分流性能最佳,在额定制冷和额定制热工况下流量分配不均匀度均小于6%;实验结果与仿真计算得出的分配器流量分配不均匀度结果吻合,计算结果与实验的偏差都在15%以内。利用验证过的仿真模型,对插孔式分配器进行结构优化,优化后的分配器应用于空调整机后,系统能效提高了2.2%~2.7%。     

气相法白炭黑填充天然橡胶的裂纹扩展机理

研究了不同粒径,不同份数的白炭黑对天然橡胶(NR)裂纹生长行为的影响。采用具有裂纹生长测试功能的DMA(DMA-Crack Growth)对预割口试样的裂纹扩展速度进行测试。利用超高速显微摄像技术对裂纹扩展尖端进行在线追踪,得到裂纹扩展尖端的动态显微图像。结果表明,添加20 phr原生粒径为15 nm的气相法白炭黑时,裂纹尖端韧带均匀且细密,对裂纹生长起到很好的阻碍作用;添加20 phr原生粒径为7 nm的气相法白炭黑时,对试样的裂纹生长有不利影响。     

载体Al/Si比对Cu-ZnO-ZrO2催化剂上CO2加氢合成甲醇的影响

用直接合成法制备了不同铝硅物质的量比Al-SBA-15(β)(β=n(Al)/n(Si)=0,0.02,0.03,0.05)介孔分子筛,并采用浸渍法制备了金属负载量m=35%的CZZ/Al-SBA-15(β)负载型介孔催化剂,考察了Al/Si比对负载催化剂结构和性能的影响。采用N_2吸附-脱附、X射线衍射(XRD)、H_2程序升温还原(H_2-TPR)、CO_2吸附(CO_2-TPD)、NH3吸附(NH3-TPD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等手段对样品进行了表征,在固定床反应器上评价了其CO_2加氢合成甲醇的催化性能。实验结果表明,CZZ/Al-SBA-15(β)具有介孔结构,Al的引入不但增加了载体表面酸性位点,同时还提高了催化剂表面铜分散度(DCu%)和铜比表面积(SCu)以及促进了Cu~+-O-Zn活性位的形成,从而大大提高了催化剂的活性。其中CZZ/Al-SBA-15(0.03)催化剂的甲醇选择性达到26%,与不掺铝的CZZ/Al-SBA-15(0)催化剂相比,甲醇选择性提高了11%,但随着掺Al量的继续增加,酸性太强,CO_2吸附能力下降,活性反而降低。     

电气检测领域电源稳定性核查方法

产品检测中电源具有十分重要的作用,本文以电动机检测实验室为例,介绍了电器领域中电源稳定性的核查方法。     

基于模型的嵌入式代码快速生成

采用一种有别于传统嵌入式系统开发过程的新型开发方法:从概念到实现.以一个简单的乘法为例,利用Simulink、Embedded MATIAB、Real-Time Workshop等工具,在MATLAB平台上一次性完成从算法模型仿真到嵌入式代码生成的过程.之后在生成的代码中添加硬件接口并编译,经Proteus虚拟硬件测试...