Magnetoelectrolysis with rough cathode surfaces

In coupled electric/magnetic fields the upward drift of the apparent current density at a rough cathode is increased in proportion to the strength of the imposed magnetic field. The extent of enhancement becomes relatively less as the magnetohydrodynamic body force in the electrolyte becomes larger.     

In situ densification of SHS composites from nanoreactants

The primary objective of this investigation was focused on in-situ densification of SHS composites synthesized from nanoreactants. Simultaneous combustion synthesis and densification technique was utilized and it was found to be an effective method to form dense intermetallic-ceramic composites. In this research study, two nanoreactant energetic systems, Al-TiO₂ and Ni-Al-Al₂O₃, were explored. In-situ combustion synthesis and densification experiments were conducted in a uniaxial press with densification pressures up to 200 MPa and preheating capability of 1500K. The experiments were conducted in both vacuum and Ar atmosphere. Samples of titanium aluminides-alumina composites with density in the range of 95–98% have been obtained at a preheating temperature of 860°C and pressure of 100 MPa. Reactants and SHS-produced materials were characterized by SEM, XRD, BET, and DSC/TGA. In addition, more fundamental studies of the reaction kinetics as a function of average particle size of aluminum nanopowders were conducted using DSC.      

Adsorption and corrosion inhibition properties of thymol

On the basis of electrocapillary and differential capacitance measurements it was established that thymol from acid solutions was adsorbed on a mercury electrode. The shape of the thymol adsorption isotherm, the positive value of the attraction constanta and the position of the minimum of the Inc/ vs dependence (wherec is thymol concentration and is electrode coverage) indicated the applicability of the Frumkin equation.The characteristics of thymol as a corrosion inhibitor were studied by observing the dissolution of aluminium and zinc in hydrochloric acid with and without thymol addition. The values of the reaction numbers (RN) plotted against thymol concentration were compared with the adsorption curves. The analysis of the results, i.e. the comparison of theRN(c) and(c) curves for the liquid and solid metal electrodes and the difference between theRN(c) curves for aluminium and zinc, indicated a different adsorption mechanism and also a different corrosion inhibition efficiency by thymol for aluminium and zinc.     

Structure formation during spinning of poly(p-phenylenebenzobisthiazole) fiber

The structure formed in the coagulation stage of the spinning process of poly(p-phenylene benzobisthiazole) fiber is studied by electron microscopy. An oriented network of microfibrils with typical fibril diameters of about 80-100Å is observed. We suggest that these microfibrils are the fundamental structural elements of the fiber. Thus, knowledge of the mechanism by which this initial structure is formed may allow for better control of final fiber properties. The relation of structure formation during coagulation to the phase diagram of a rigid polymer solution and to the kinetic mechanism of the phase transition is discussed.     

Lightweight high-alumina kyanite -sillimanite refractories from self-compacting compositions

Conclusions A technology was developed and tested for the production of kyanite-sillimanite lightweight refractories from self-compacting compositions based on pearl polystyrene. With this method the drying time of the green product is 3–4 times shorter and the finished product does not require trimming. The apparent density of the new material is 0.6 g/cm³, and its properties conform to the specifications for the lightweight VGLDS-0.8-type products.The method is a promising one for the manufacture of configured and block-type refractory products.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 1, pp. 10–13, January, 1977.     

Relative reduction rates of fatty acid isomers by hydrazine

Mixtures of fatty acids and of hydrocarbons have been reduced by hydrazine in ethyl alcohol solution at 50 C. Samples were removed during reduction for analysis and the relative reduction rates calculated by digital computer.cis-15-Octadecenoic acid is reduced 1.3 times as fast as itscis-9-isomer. No differences were found amongcis-6,9- and -12-octadecenoic acids.cis-3-Octadecene was also reduced 1.3 times as fast as thecis-9-isomer andcis-1-octadecene 8.6 times as fast. Elaidic acid was reduced 1.27 times as fast as oleic. Presented at the AOCS Meeting, Chicago, October 1967. No. Utiliz. Res. Dev. Div., ARS, USDA.