Improved optical heterodyne methods for measuring frequency responses of photodetectors

An improved optical self-heterodyne method utilizing a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) tunable laser and an optical fiber ring interferometer is presented in this paper. The interference efficiency can be increased by 7 dB compared with the scheme using the conventional Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The unsteady process that the beating frequency experiences in each tuning period is investigated. According to the measurement results, the wavelength and optical power of the tunable laser will be steady when the square-wave frequency is lower than 300 kHz. It has been shown that when a square-wave voltage is applied to the phase section of the tunable laser, the laser linewidths vary in a wide range, and are much larger than that under dc voltage tuning. The errors caused by the variations in the linewidth of the beat signal and optical power can be eliminated using the proposed calibration procedures, and the measurement accuracy can, therefore, be significantly improved. Experiments show that the frequency responses obtained using our method agree well with the data provided by the manufacturer, and the improved optical self-heterodyne method is as accurate as the intensity noise technique.     

Ku-band antenna array feed distribution network with ferroelectric phase shifters on silicon

This paper presents the design, fabrication, and experimental results of a 1 : 4 monolithic power distribution network for Ku-band array antenna applications. The network integrated on a high-resistivity silicon (HRS) substrate surface stabilized by polysilicon consists of three Wilkinson power dividers, four dc blocking filters, and four coplanar waveguide (CPW)-to-microstrip (MS) transitions. Each output ports are fed with a barium-strontium-titanate phase shifter. It is found that the introduction of the polysilicon layer between the oxide and HRS reduces RF losses significantly, which will enable the monolithic integration of high-power controller modules onto silicon because of the existence of the oxide layer, preventing any degradation of RF performances. The individual components show insertion losses ranging from 0.4 to 2.6 dB at 15 GHz, and the interconnecting CPW lines result in a loss of 0.064 dB/mm. This network was successfully integrated with MS patch antennas monolithically, showing good performance of 32-dB return loss at 14.85 GHz, and 10/spl deg/ beam-steering capability.     

Analysis of a simple step-stress life test with a random stress-change time

This paper studies a variation of a simple step-stress life testing in which the stress change time is random, and the test is subject to type II censoring. We assume that only two order statistics from the test are observed. The first observed order statistic is the stress change time from a low level stress to a high level stress during the testing, and the second observed order statistic is the final failure time when the test is censored. We first present the joint probability distribution of the two order statistics observed from the simple step-stress accelerated life test. Maximum likelihood estimates, and the method of moment estimates for model parameters based on the joint distribution are considered. We also present the exact confidence interval estimates for the model parameters based on various pivotal quantities, and demonstrate the estimation procedure by a simulated example.     

小剂量电离辐射引起体细胞染色体不分离及其与拓扑异构酶Ⅱα的关系

探讨小剂量电离辐射对体细胞染色体不分离的影响，及与DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱα（TopoisomeraseⅡα，TOPOⅡα）的关系。用培137^Cs γ，为辐射源与中期染色体计数法，研究了小剂量照射与人外周血淋巴细胞有丝分裂染色体不分离关系，发现照射对染色体不分离的影响具剂量效应、时间效应和次数累加效应；用Western blot和RT-PCR检测了照射对Hela细胞中TOPOⅡα表达的影响，也存在剂量效应、时间效应和次数累加效应；以TOPOⅡα抑制剂（VP-16）抑制Hela细胞中TOPOⅡα活性，也引起Hela细胞有丝分裂染色体不分离率增加，照射和抑制TOPOⅡα活性的协同作用加重对不分离的影响。结果提示TOPOⅡα表达的变化是小剂量照射引起有丝分裂染色体不分离的机制之一。     

一种改进的微粒群优化算法

提出了一种基于差分进化算子变异的改进微粒群优化算法，为减小陷入局优的可能性，在群体最优信息陷入停滞时引入差分进化算子变异，使算法摆脱局部极优点的束缚，同时又保持前期搜索速度快的特性，提高全局搜索能力。仿真实验表明：与标准微粒群优化算法相比，该文算法的全局收敛性能得到了显著提高，能有效避免微粒群优化算法中的早熟收敛问题。     

基于SCA的波形开发

介绍了如何按照SCA规范进行波形软件的设计和开发，概括了波形开发的一般步骤和波形API接口定义的原则，并结合具体的工程实践经验，提出了一种示例波形的设计和开发，分析了示例波形的功能、模块划分、API接口定义和组件设计，为基于SCA的波形开发提供了参考。     

一种拟合曲线的新拟合算法

非线性测量中对测量结果进行曲线拟合通常采用最小均方误差的标准进行系统参数的辨识,该方法未考虑输入样本的随机性。基于此,提出了一种新的拟合算法:考虑输入样本的随机性所采取的一种加权的最小均方误差拟合方法,利用已知的输入样本的统计特性对权值进行估计,对算法概率为1的任意逼近性给出证明,并对区间半长作出估计。实验表明,该算法有较理想的逼近效果。     

卫星定位中伪距的广义延拓外推

GPS当丢失部分伪距不能正常定位时,采用广义延拓外推法外推伪距来实现对用户位置的定位.仿真结果和理论推理表明,这种伪距外推法在外推步数一定的条件下能满足用户接收机定位的要求.     

燃料电池汽车整车控制器电磁兼容性研究与试验

燃料电池汽车电磁兼容测试的主要目的是要达到测量结果的准确性、可重复性,从而分析电磁干扰的发生机理,解决骚扰源及切断干扰传播通道.针对燃料电池汽车整车控制器电磁兼容性问题进行机理分析、设计分析、理论研究,详细介绍了汽车电子零部件必做的电磁兼容性试验,并对相关试验结果进行了分析.     

PF低温发泡设备的自动电控系统

本文叙述PF低温发泡机的自动控制，包括3个组份的配量系统，温控系统和出料浇注系统的控制与运作。