Non-iterative online sequential learning strategy for autoencoder and classifier

Neural Computing and Applications - Artificial neural network training algorithms aim to optimize the network parameters regarding the pre-defined cost function. Gradient-based artificial neural...     

High capacity reversible hydrogen storage in titanium doped 2D carbon allotrope Ψ-graphene: Density Functional Theory investigations

Using the state-of-the art Density Functional Theory simulations, here we report the hydrogen storage capability in titanium decorated ?- Graphene, an advanced 2D allotrope of carbon which is made of hexagonal, pentagonal and heptagonal ring of carbon and metallic in nature. Titanium is strongly bonded on the surface of ?- Graphene and each Ti can bind maximum of 9H₂ having average adsorption energy of ?0.30 eV and average desorption temperature of 387 K yielding gravimetric H₂ uptake of 13.14 wt%, much higher than the prescribed limit of 6.5 wt % by DoE's. The interaction of Ti on ?- Graphene have been presented by electronic density of states analysis, charge transfer and plot for spatial distribution of charge. There is orbital interaction between Ti 3d and C 2p of ?- Graphene involving transfer of charge whereas bonding of hydrogen molecules is through Kubas type of interactions involving charge donation from σ orbitals of hydrogen molecules to the vacant 3d orbital of Ti and the subsequent back donation to σ1 orbital of hydrogen from filled 3d orbital of Ti. The structural stability of the system at temperatures corresponding to the highest temperature at which H₂ desorbs was verified using ab-initio Molecular Dynamics calculations and presence of sufficient energy barrier for diffusion which prevents clustering between metal atoms assures the practical viability of the system as high capacity H₂ adsorbing material. Overall, found that Ti doped Ψ-Graphene is stable, 100% recyclable and has high hydrogen storage capacity with suitable desorption temperature. As a result of our findings, we are confident that Ti doped Ψ-Graphene may be used as a potential hydrogen adsorbing material in the upcoming clean, green, hydrogen economy.     

Improved bispectrum estimation based on modified group delay

This article proposes an improved estimation method for the bispectrum of a system or signal, by applying the modified group delay (MMGD) in the bispectrum domain. To achieve a higher frequency resolution, the bispectrum is computed in frequency domain and further to reduce the variance preserving the frequency resolution, MMGD is applied in the bispectrum domain. The proposed method due to its better frequency resolution not only properly detects the phase coupled frequencies but also reduces the bispectrum magnitude estimate’s variance significantly compared to that of biperiodogram. Compared to the proposed method, though the windowed bispectrum (WB) provides a better reduction in variance, it is unable to detect the coupled frequencies due to its poor frequency resolution. For an AR process in the presence of noise (SNR = 4 dB), the system magnitude estimate by the proposed method has a 27.63% lower normalized sum sample mean square error (NSSMSE) than that by the WB. Also for a non-minimum phase system in presence of noise (SNR = 7 dB), the phase estimation by the new approach has 8.6% lower NSSMSE than that by WB and also it is marginally better than that obtained by applying MMGD in system group delay domain.     

Stimulation of glucose uptake by Musa sp. (cv. elakki bale) flower and pseudostem extracts in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells

BACKGROUND: Glucose uptake study plays a major role in diabetes research. Impaired glucose uptake has been implicated in the development of hyperglycemia during diabetes. Banana plant is known for its anti‐diabetic properties and our earlier report revealed that banana flower and pseudostem of Musa sp. cv. elakki bale is beneficial during diabetes in rat models. The present study was designed to evaluate the potential effect of banana flower and pseudostem extracts on glucose uptake in Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) cells using 2‐[N‐(7‐nitrobenz‐2‐oxa‐1,3‐diazol‐4‐yl)amino]‐2‐deoxy‐D ‐glucose (2‐NBDG), a fluorescent analogue of 2‐deoxyglucose. RESULTS: Methanol and aqueous extracts of banana flower and pseudostem were more potent in promoting glucose uptake in EAT cells, in comparison to acetone and ethanol extracts. At 20 µg dosage, highest net glucose uptake was observed in aqueous extracts of banana flower (18.17 ± 0.43 nmol L^?1) and pseudostem (19.69 ± 0.41 nmol L^?1). Total polyphenol content was higher in methanol (9.031 ± 0.036 g kg^?1) and aqueous (6.862 ± 0.024 g kg^?1) extracts of banana flower compared to pseudostem, which were 0.442 ± 0.006 and 0.811 ± 0.011 g kg^?1, respectively. CONCLUSION: Banana flower and pseudostem extracts are able to promote glucose uptake into the cells, presumably through glucose transporters 1 and 3, which could be beneficial in diabetes. Glucose uptake is likely promoted by phenolic acids besides other bioactives. It can be hypothesized that consumption of nutraceutical‐rich extract of banana flower and pseudostem could replace some amount of insulin being taken for diabetes. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

First Bovine Serum Albumin‐Promoted Synthesis of Enones,Cinnamic Acids and Coumarins in Ionic Liquid: An Insight into the Role of Protein Impurities in Porcine Pancreas Lipase for Olefinic Bond Formation

During studies on exploiting the catalytic promiscuity of crude porcine pancreas lipase (PPL) in ionic liquid for CC bond formations, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was found to be competing for these reactions. After a detailed investigation, we establish that these transformations are possible by unspecific protein catalysis rather than catalytic promiscuity of “PPL” – a first insight into the role of protein impurities in crude enzyme. Thus, a novel and highly efficient, environmentally friendly approach involving synergistic catalysis by bovine serum albumin‐1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bromide (BSA‐[bmim]Br) has been developed for the synthesis of (E)‐α,β‐unsaturated compounds including a one‐pot cascade synthesis of cinnamic acids and coumarins via aldol, Knoevenagel and Knoevenagel–Doebner condensations.     

IOT Assisted Biomedical Monitoring Sensors for Healthcare in Human

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a concept that refers to the deployment of Internet Protocol (IP) address sensors in health care systems to monitor patients’ health. It has the ability to access the Internet and collect data from sensors. Automated decisions are made after evaluating the information of illness people records. Patients’ health and well-being can be monitored through IoT medical devices. It is possible to trace the origins of biological, medical equipment and processes. Human reliability is a major concern in user activity and fitness trackers in day-to-day activities. The fundamental challenge is to measure the efficiency of the human system accurately. Aim to maintain tabs on the well-being of humans; this paper recommends the use of wireless body area networks (WBANs) and artificial neural networks (ANN) to create an IoT-based healthcare framework for hospital information systems (IoT-HF-HIS). Our evaluation system uses a server to estimate how much computing power is needed for modeling, and simulations of the framework have been done using data rate and latency requirements are implementing the energy-aware technology presented in this paper. The proposed framework implements several hospital information system case studies by building a time-saving simulation environment. As the world’s population ages, more and more people suffer from physical and emotional ailments. Using the recommended strategy regularly has been proven user-friendly, reliable, and cost-effective, with an overall performance of 95.2%.     

Investigations on the Influence of Liquid-Assisted Laser Ablation of NiTi Rotating Target to Improve the Formation Efficiency of Spherical Alloyed NiTi Nanoparticles

In this work, the liquid-assisted laser ablation of NiTi rotating target has been used as a promising technique for generating spherical NiTi alloy nanoparticles with higher formation efficiency. Nd: YAG nanosecond laser with three different laser wavelengths (355, 532 and 1064 nm), three different laser fluences (30, 40 and 50 J/cm²) and three different rotational speeds (10 RPM, 20 RPM and 30 RPM) of target has been used to ablate the nitinol (Ni-55%, Ti-45%) target. The influences of different laser parameters (wavelengths and fluences) and different RPMs have been studied on the size, morphology and formation of alloy nanoparticles. It has been observed that the formation efficiency is maximum (39.9 mg/h) for smaller size nanoparticle (~40 nm) at 355 nm wavelength, 50 J/cm² fluence and 10 RPM rotational speed. On the other hand, we find that the formation efficiency (10.5 mg/h) is lowest with a bigger size of nanoparticle (~110 nm) at 1064 nm wavelength, 50 J/cm² fluence and 30 RPM speed. Therefore, this is a promising technique to synthesize spherical alloy nanoparticles with higher ablation efficiency. Thus, the higher ablation of particles helps to improve the optical absorption of the colloidal solution as optical absorption has a direct relation with the particle concentration. The shape and size of particles were characterized through SEM and DLS analysis whereas the crystallinity was confirmed through TEM and XRD analysis, respectively. Moreover, the elemental analysis was done with the help of XPS and EDS and optical absorption through UV–Vis spectrum analysis.