Effect of chemical reactions on flow and mass transfer in a liquid film in the presence of surface-active materials

To the thin-film approximation an investigation is made of the effect of surfaceactive materials on the hydrodynamics and mass transfer in liquid films falling under gravity in the presence of surface chemical reactions.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 53, No. 4, pp. 593–600, October, 1987.     

Theoretical study of the thermodynamic properties of nitrogen at high temperatures and pressures

A theoretical analytical equation of state is derived and used to compute new thermodynamic data for nitrogen at high tempratures and pressures.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 53, No. 6, pp. 975–983, December, 1987.     

Morphology of GaSb-based island films

GaSb nanoisland films have been grown via incongruent evaporation of Ga_{1 − x} Sb _x films, and their surface morphology has been studied by atomic force microscopy. The surface density and characteristic dimensions of the islands have been shown to depend on the evaporation temperature. The fractal dimension of the surface of the grown structures has been evaluated.     

Knowledge representation and processing in interacting sensory and language neurosystems

The choice of our topic, which is of both exploratory and applied value, has been determined by the confluence of neurocybernetics and neurophysiology, neuropsychology and cognitology, semiotics and neurobionics (the latter as one of the directions of artificial intelligence). On the whole, the questions considered in this article fall in the domains of cybernetics, in the wide, classical sense of this term [1], and neurophysioiogy, at the system level of information representation and processing. The article relies on previous publications [2–7], which have been generalized and extended. Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 2, pp. 3–11, March–April, 1998.     

Experience with increasing reliability and wear resistance of articles of steam-turbine flow paths

The technologies of strengthening articles of the steam-turbine flow path (working blades, disks, and shafts) that are developed and introduced into practice are considered. These technologies are aimed at increasing reliability and wear resistance. Information is presented on fretting technology for disks and attachment roots of working blades using rolling-out methods, pneumatic shot-blasting strengthening, and diamond smoothing, as well as regarding protective-coating deposition and electric-spark alloying technologies for working parts of the blades. The results from studies conducted at the stage of mastering these technologies and their introduction into practice are given.     

Influence of fine grained structure and superplastic deformation on the strength of aluminium alloys

The influences of fine grained (FG) structure and superplastic deformation on the mechanical properties under quasistatic, impact and cycling loading conditions have been established for the aluminium alloys 1560 (Al-Mg-Mn), 1141 (Al-Cu-Mg-Ni-Fe) and 1960 (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr). FG materials compared with recrystallized coarse grained (CG) ones improve tensile strength and ductility and high-cycle fatigue endurance, but reduce static and impact toughnesses. The effect of grain refinement on crack resistance is directly manifested in the difficulty of crack initiation and in facilitating its growth. Blanks with FG structure, after superplastic processing, are recommended instead of CG recrystallized ones for the production of principal parts whose service life is limited by first crack appearance. In the presence of cracks, higher strength can be obtained by the use of blanks made of CG commercial semifinished products and those manufactured by traditional methods of hot die forging.     

A clinico-laboratory validation of the combined therapy of lichen ruber planus of the oral mucosa

Fifty-two patients with lichen planus were examined over the course of disease using clinical, microbiological, and histological methods. Treatment protocols aimed at normalization of microbiocenosis have been developed, based on the detected microbiological and histological changes.     

Nicotine decreases attentional bias to negative-affect-related Stroop words among smokers

The present study examined the hypothesis that nicotine is associated with reduced attentional bias to affective and smoking-related stimuli in a modified Stroop task. A total of 56 habitual smokers were each tested on 4 days with 14 mg nicotine patches and placebo patches, counterbalanced, as a within-subjects factor in a double-blind design. A modified Stroop using negative-affect words, smoking words, color words, and neutral words was presented via computer in blocked format. As predicted, nicotine, relative to placebo, was associated with decreased attentional bias to negative words. Nicotine speeded performance during smoking-word and color-word blocks to the same degree as during neutral words and thus appeared to also have a nonspecific performance-enhancing effect. In an exploratory analysis, nicotine-attention effects occurred only in the initial presentation of pairs of blocked word pages. Nicotine also was associated with improved mood. The results are discussed in terms of affect-attention and smoking literatures.