Nonparametric Analysis of the Order-Statistic Model in Software Reliability

In the literature on statistical inference in software reliability, the assumptions of parametric models and random sampling of bugs have been pervasive. We argue that both assumptions are problematic, the first because of robustness concerns and the second due to logical and practical difficulties. These considerations motivate the approach taken in this paper. We propose a nonparametric software reliability model based on the order-statistic paradigm. The objective of the work is to estimate, from data on discovery times observed within a type I censoring framework, both the underlying distribution F from which discovery times are generated and N, the unknown number of bugs in the software. The estimates are used to predict the next time to failure. The approach makes use of Bayesian nonparametric inference methods, in particular, the beta-Stacy process. The proposed methodology is illustrated on both real and simulated data     

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陆虎（Land Rover）G4越野挑战赛．是各大汽车公司彼此互相交流的重大活动。经过三年多的精心准备．2006年G4挑战赛正式拉开了帷幕——一个月时间，18组挑战者．4000公里行程．跨越泰国、老挝、巴西和波利维亚。本届赛事是2003年G4挑战赛的延续．它的前身就是2000年结束的“骆驼杯”越野挑战赛。     

New Product Development and Product Supply within a Network Setting: The Chilled Ready-meal Industry in the UK

This paper analyses inter-organizational networks that link together firms operating in the food processing and distribution industry in the UK. In doing so, the paper draws on insights recently developed by Mark Casson that treat inter-firm networks as an institutional response to the changing costs and opportunities of information management. Detailed analysis of product innovation and supply-chain management issues within the industry, exemplified by the growth of chilled ready-meals, leads to the identification of two distinct but complementary inter-firm networks: a network of control and a network of innovation. In each case, the study finds that the critical information is derived from the retailers' interface with consumers and thus that these information-based networks are effectively controlled by the leading supermarket chains. The study's conclusions are considered in relation to the recent findings of the UK Competition Commission following its investigation into grocery retailing in Britain.     

The influence of morphological information on cataphoric pronoun assignment.

In 3 eye-tracking experiments, the authors investigated the use of morphological information during pronoun resolution. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that disruption occurred when a preferred assignment was inconsistent with gender information. Experiment 2 ensured that this difficulty was not due to the introduction of a new discourse entity. Experiment 3 showed that disruption also occurred when number information was inconsistent with the preferred assignment. The results indicate that the use of morphological information is delayed until after the computation of coreference relations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Parallel associative combinator evaluation II

A new evaluation model for SK combinator expressions is presented and used as a basis for the design of a novel processor. The resulting machine architecture resembles a dataflow ring, but executions are constrained to be fully lazy. An automatic dynamic load sharing mechanism for a distributed multiprocessor architecture is suggested, and initial simulation results are presented.     

Air–steam leakage through cracks in concrete walls

In the context of a severe accident in a PWR nuclear plant, the evaluation of the leakage through the containment wall remains a key point of the safety analysis. Here we calculate the leakage of an air steam mixture through a traversing crack taking into account condensation. A 40 h test has been performed on a representative concrete slab with measurements of crack openings and flow rates. The CAST3M code enables us to simulate this test by making thermo-mechanical calculations and calculation of the leakage flow rate. Thermo-mechanical calculations provide data needed by the leakage calculations which are not measurable in the experiment. These are the internal crack profiles (variation of the opening with the curvilinear coordinate of the crack inside the concrete slab). Thermo-mechanical calculations are difficult to perform because boundary conditions of the test are complicated. Leakage calculations are performed with various hypotheses for the internal cracks profiles. A coefficient is applied on the friction factor to take into account additional complexity of the crack geometry.