Synthesis of In2O3/GNPs nanocomposites with integrated approaches to tune overall performance of electrochemical devices

The electroactive material with a porous structure, good electrical conductivity, hybrid composition, and a higher surface is considered more suitable for applications as an electrode in the energy storage device. Herein, we report the preparation of In₂O₃ nanoparticles via a simple chemical route and their nanocomposites with 10% (IOG-10), 30% (IOG-30), 50% (IOG-50), 70% (IOG-70), and 100% G-100 graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) via ultra-sonication. The presence of GNPs in the nanocomposite samples was verified by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Raman, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results. The prepared samples were loaded onto the porous 3D nickel foam (NF) substrate to manufacture the working electrode for electrochemical testing. The cyclic voltammetry (CV), as well as galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD), results proposed the IOG-30@NF as a suitable electrode for electrochemical applications. More precisely, the IOG-30@NF electrode shows a specific capacitance of 1768 Fg^-1 at 1 Ag^-1, which is considerably higher than that of either G-100@NF or In₂O₃@NF electrodes. Besides, the IOG-30@NF electrode shows good cyclic stability of 92.2% after 4000 GCD tests completed at 12 Ag^-1. When increasing the current density value from 1 to 4, the IOG-30@NF electrode maintains a specific capability of 81%, ensuring its exceptional rate capability. The higher specific capacity, higher rate-performance, and better cyclic activity of the IOG-30@NF electrode can be ascribed to its hybrid-composition, nanoarchitecture In₂O₃, 3D but porous nickel foam substrate, appropriate graphene content, and interaction between In₂O₃ nanoparticles and GNPs nanosheets.     

基于社会学信任理论的软件可信性概念模型

可信性作为软件的一种复杂的高复合概念，几十年间都未能取得实质性进展和突破.本文在对可信性权威定义分析的基础上，论证了这些定义所涉范围彼此矛盾且不相容，进一步说明从本质出发研究软件可信性概念模型的重要性和必然性."可信"一词源于社会学，所以应该从社会学的信任理论出发来探讨软件可信性的本质.本文在上百篇经典社会学信任理论文献上构建出信任体系模型STM，并与软件的信任体系进行了对比和映射，提出基于社会学信任理论的软件可信性概念模型STCM.在STM和STCM的基础上给出软件可信性概念模型的定义系统.最后通过度量评估实验验证了模型是可行的、有效的，为软件可信性的发展提供了新的研究方向.     

An algorithmic strategy for in-network distributed spatial analysis in wireless sensor networks

A wireless sensor network (WSN) can be construed as an intelligent, largely autonomous, instrument for scientific observation at fine temporal and spatial granularities and over large areas. The ability to perform spatial analyses over sensor data has often been highlighted as desirable in areas such as environmental monitoring. Whilst there exists research on computing topological changes of dynamic phenomena, existing proposals do not allow for more expressive in-network spatial analysis. This paper addresses the challenges involved in using WSNs to identify, track and report topological relationships between dynamic, transient spatial phenomena and permanent application-specific geometries focusing on cases where the geometries involved can be characterized by sets of nodes embedded in a finite 2-dimensional space. The approach taken is algebraic, i.e., analyses are expressed as algebraic expressions that compose primitive operations (such as Adjacent, or AreaInside). The main contributions are distributed algorithms for the operations in the proposed algebra and an empirical evaluation of their performance in terms of bit complexity, response time, and energy consumption.     

Research Progress on Properties and Applications of Polymer/Clay Nanocomposite

This review covers significant properties and applications of nanoclays in polymer-based nanocomposites with special emphasis on future potential. Various strategies have been adopted for nanocomposite synthesis including delamination of nanoclays through melt shearing, in situ polymerization, and sol–gel method. Proper dispersion of nanoclay results in improved properties of bulk polymer (thermal stability, mechanical strength, gas barrier, and flame retardancy). Light weight, low cost, and improved physical properties of polymer/clay materials increase their demand in modern material industries (aerospace, automobile, barrier materials, construction, and biomedical). Due to extensive use of these nanocomposites in technical fields, there are still many stones left unturned.     

The modified control charts for monitoring the shape parameter of weighted power function distribution under classical estimator

Zaka et al provided a new distribution called the Weighted Power function distribution (WPFD), which has application in reliability engineering and survival analysis. They used different estimation methods to estimate the unknown parameters of WPFD and proved that modified maximum likelihood estimator (MMLE) is best to consider for the estimation of parameters. We have constructed the memoryless and memory-based control charts based on the assumption that the distribution of the underlying process does not follow the normal distribution. In this paper, we provide modified control charts using MMLE of the shape parameter for WPFD. We develop control charts to keep the process in control when the distribution of errors of underlying process follows WPFD. We propose the modified memoryless control chart, that is, Shewhart control chart and modified memory-based control chart, that is, Exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) and Hybrid exponentially weighted moving average (HEWMA) control charts. We have made the comparison of the proposed control charts using Monte Carlo simulation and the real-life application for both and the memoryless control charts and memory-based control charts. We see that HEWMA based on MMLE performs better as compared to other proposed control charts.     

An Alkylated Indacenodithieno[3,2‐b]thiophene‐Based Nonfullerene Acceptor with High Crystallinity Exhibiting Single Junction Solar Cell Efficiencies Greater than 13% with Low Voltage Losses

A new synthetic route, to prepare an alkylated indacenodithieno[3,2‐b]thiophene‐based nonfullerene acceptor (C8‐ITIC), is reported. Compared to the reported ITIC with phenylalkyl side chains, the new acceptor C8‐ITIC exhibits a reduction in the optical band gap, higher absorptivity, and an increased propensity to crystallize. Accordingly, blends with the donor polymer PBDB‐T exhibit a power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 12.4%. Further improvements in efficiency are found upon backbone fluorination of the donor polymer to afford the novel material PFBDB‐T. The resulting blend with C8‐ITIC shows an impressive PCE up to 13.2% as a result of the higher open‐circuit voltage. Electroluminescence studies demonstrate that backbone fluorination reduces the energy loss of the blends, with PFBDB‐T/C8‐ITIC‐based cells exhibiting a small energy loss of 0.6 eV combined with a high J_SC of 19.6 mA cm^?2.     

Green fabricated CuO nanobullets via Olea europaea leaf extract shows auspicious antimicrobial potential

In present investigation, copper oxide (CuO) nanostructures have been prepared via green chemistry. Olea europaea leaf extract act as strong chelating agent for tailoring physical as well as bio‐medical characteristics of CuO at the nano‐size. Physical characterisation such as scanning electron microscope analysis depicts the formation of homogenised spherical shape nanoparticles (NPs) with average size of 42 nm. X‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy further confirmed the crystalline pure phase and monoclinic structure. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) testing is performed to evaluate the relative concentration of bioactive molecules in the O. europaea leaf extract. From HPLC results capping action of organic molecules around CuO‐NPs is hypothesised. The antimicrobial potency of biosynthesised CuO‐NPs have been evaluated using colony forming unit (CFU) counting assay and disc diffusion method which shows a significant zone of inhibition against bacterial and fungal strains may be highly potential for future antimicrobial pharmaceutics. Furthermore, reduction of various precursors by plant extract will reduce environmental impact over chemical synthesis.Inspec keywords: copper compounds, antibacterial activity, biochemistry, nanoparticles, nanomedicine, biomedical materials, chromatographyOther keywords: CuO, size 42 nm, chemical synthesis, antimicrobial pharmaceutics, bacterial strain, fungal strain, disc diffusion method, colony forming unit counting assay, biosynthesised CuO‐NP, bioactive molecules, high‐performance liquid chromatography testing, monoclinic structure, crystalline pure phase, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, homogenised spherical shape nanoparticles, scanning electron microscope analysis, CuO biomedical characteristics, chelating agent, green fabricated CuO nanobullets, green chemistry, copper oxide nanostructures, antimicrobial potential, Olea europaea leaf extract