金属多孔材料喷墨制备法的研究与进展

喷墨三维打印作为金属增材制造技术的一种重要方法,已广泛应用于金属多孔材料的制备,具有成本低、操作简单、成型材料范围广、孔结构设计灵活性大,较好的制件精度和结构精细度等优点.系统地总结了钛及钛合金、不锈钢、镍基合金、铝合金等多孔材料喷墨三维打印技术制备工艺与组织结构的国内外最新研究进展、目前存在的问题,以及应用前景.     

饱和尾粉砂动孔隙水压力发展特性试验研究

采用动三轴仪对内蒙古某尾矿库尾粉砂进行了动强度试验,研究了围压、相对密实度及固结比对动荷载作用下尾粉砂中孔隙水压力发展特性的影响。研究结果表明,随着固结比、相对密实度、围压的增大,动荷载作用下饱和尾粉砂孔压增长曲线形状由陡峭转变为平缓。随着围压及固结比增大,试样动力破坏形式从以孔压值为主要表征指标的液化破坏,转化为以动剪应变为主要破坏形式的软化破坏。动荷载作用下发生液化破坏的饱和尾粉砂孔压增长过程分可为初始增长阶段、稳定增长阶段和快速增长至破坏阶段,孔压增长曲线表现为明显的反S型,本文采用双对数函数对该试验孔压增长曲线进行拟合,结果表明该模型可以较好地模拟尾粉砂在动荷载作用下的孔压发展规律。     

Tailoring the electron-blocking layer by addition of YSZ to Ba-containing anode for improvement of ceria-based solid oxide fuel cell

The in-situ fabrication of an electron-blocking layer between the Ba-containing anode and the ceria-based electrolyte is an effective approach in suppressing the internal electronic leakage in ceria-based solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). To improve the thickness of the electron-blocking layer and to research the effect of the layer thickness on the improvement of SOFC, a Ba-containing compound (0.6NiO-0.4BaZr_0.1Ce_0.7Y_0.2O_3-δ) modified by Y stabilized zirconia (YSZ) was employed as a composite anode in this research. SEM analyses demonstrated that the thickness of the interlayer can be simply controlled by regulating the proportion of YSZ at anode. The in-situ formed interlayer in the cell with the anode modified by 20?mol% YSZ possesses a thickness of 0.9?µm which is more suitable for the cell achieving an enhanced performance.     

复合材料在旋转压缩机上的应用分析

文章介绍了目前旋转式压缩机主要零部件的材料状况,详细论述了金属基复合材料、陶瓷基复合材料在旋转压缩机上的应用情况及前景,为复合材料在压缩机领域的应用提供指导。     

A dense and compact laser cladding layer with solid metallurgical bonding significantly improved corrosion resistance of Mg alloy for engineering applications

Although Mg alloy attracts great attention for engineering applications because of high specific strength and low density, low corrosion resistance limits its extensive use. In this study, Mg–Al–Zn–Mn alloy was treated via a laser cladding process to generate a dense and compact laser cladding layer with solid metallurgical bonding on the substrate for improving corrosion resistance, effectively hindering the corrosion pervasion into Mg alloy. The corrosion current density declined from 103 μA/cm² for Mg alloy to 13 μA/cm² for the laser cladding layer in NaCl aqueous solution. Moreover, the laser cladding layer was slightly corroded in comparison with Mg alloy in NaCl aqueous solution. Besides, the microhardness of the cladding layer reached a mean value of 170.5 HV, 3.1 times of Mg alloy (56.8 HV) due to the in situ formation of hardening intermetallic phases. Wear resistance of laser cladding layer was also obviously improved. These results demonstrated that the laser cladding layer obviously enhanced anticorrosion property of Mg alloy for engineering applications.     

Formation of a protective layer against corrosion on Mg alloy via alkali pretreatment followed by vanillic acid treatment

Although Mg alloy possesses high specific strength, low density, and good biocompatibility, poor corrosion resistance hinders its further applications. In the present study, an innovative protective layer against corrosion was prepared on the AZ31 Mg alloy via alkali pretreatment followed by vanillic acid treatment. The alkali pretreatment supplied –OH for the AZ31 Mg alloy surface to react with vanillic acid. The vanillic acid treatment played a crucial role in enhancing the corrosion resistance due to the excellent ability to act as a barrier and retard aqueous solution penetration, which effectively isolated the underlying Mg alloy from the corrosive environment. The corrosion current density of alkali and vanillic acid-treated Mg alloy (AZ31V) almost showed two orders of magnitude lower values in comparison with that of the AZ31 Mg alloy, and the corrosion potential of AZ31V Mg alloy increased from −1.41 to −1.25 V. The immersion tests proved that there was no occurrence of severe corrosion. Hence, the alkali pretreatment and vanillic acid treatment may represent a promising method to improve the corrosion resistance of Mg alloy.     

基于聚类的数据加权优化在犯罪预测中的应用

近年来，我国传统暴力犯罪与成年人犯罪呈下降态势，但是，犯罪案由层出不穷。为有效提升公安实践工作中犯罪预测能力，打击各类违法犯罪事件,本文针对犯罪数据，提出一种新型犯罪预测模型。利用密度聚类分析方法将犯罪数据分类，然后进行数据降维提取关键属性生成特征数据，继而对特征数据进行加权优化并采用机器学习的方式对特征数据进行学习，从而预测犯罪案由。实验结果表明，与传统方法相比，本文方法具有更好的预测效果，为公安实践工作中类似案件的侦破和预防，提供新的路径支撑。     

纳米纤维素的疏水改性及应用研究进展

纳米纤维素作为一种性能优越的可再生纳米材料，应用前景极为广阔。然而，由于纳米纤维素结构上富含羟基，使其具有极强的亲水性，严重影响了纳米纤维素的疏水性能，并且在一定程度上限制了其在复合材料领域的应用。综述了纳米纤维素疏水改性的研究进展，从物理吸附、表面化学修饰（甲硅烷化、烷酰化、酯化等）、聚合物接枝共聚3个方面简述了目前应用较为广泛的疏水化改性方法，并对疏水纳米纤维素在包装材料、造纸、水净化等方面的应用现状进行了总结。最后对疏水改性纳米纤维素的未来发展进行了展望，旨在为疏水纳米纤维素的研究和应用提供参考。     

某露天矿山边坡结构参数优化与支护设计

某露天矿山东帮边坡稳定性较差,已有12个区域出现大面积滑坡或垮塌,导致东帮边坡部分平台不连通,给矿山生产造成了严重的安全隐患。基于此,以边坡安全系数控制值为边坡稳定评判标准,采用极限平衡法、Geo-Slope软件计算边坡安全系数,分析边坡整体与局部的稳定性,并对不稳定区域进行参数优化研究,结果表明:东帮边坡整体滑坡的概率较低,但局部稳定性较差,需采取防护措施;边坡结构参数经优化后,边坡整体处于稳定状态。