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981.
This article presents an inversion-based iterative feedforward-feedback (II-FF/FB) approach to achieve high-speed force load in force measurement of soft materials in liquid using scanning probe microscope (SPM). SPM force measurement under liquid environment is needed to interrogate a wide range of soft materials, particularly live biological samples. Moreover, when dynamic evolution of the sample occurs during the measurement, and/or measuring the rate-dependent viscoelasticity of the sample, the force measurement also needs to be acquired at high-speed. Precision force load in liquid, however, is challenged by adverse effects including the thermal drift effect, the reduction of the signal to noise ratio, the distributive hydrodynamic force effect, and the hysteresis and vibrational dynamics effects of the piezoelectric actuators (for positioning the probe relative to the sample), particularly during high-speed measurement. Thus, the main contribution of the article is the development of the II-FF/FB approach to tackle these challenges. The proposed method is illustrated through an experimental implementation to the force-curve measurement of a poly (dimethylsiloxane) sample in liquid at high-speed. 相似文献
982.
983.
An exact approach for free vibration of an isotropic rectangular plate carrying a line-concentrated mass and with a line-translational spring support or carrying a line-spring-mass system is presented in this paper. The mode shape function of vibration of such a plate is expressed in terms of the four fundamental solutions derived in this paper. The main advantage of the proposed method is that the resulted frequency equation for such a rectangular plate can be conveniently obtained from a second-order determinant. The proposed method is thus computationally efficient due to the significant decrease in the determinant order as compared with previously developed procedures which usually led to an eighth-order determinant for solving the title problem. Two numerical examples are given to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method and to investigate the effects of the location and the magnitude of a line-concentrated mass and elastic line-support as well as the influence of the aspect ratio on the natural frequencies of a rectangular plate. 相似文献
984.
H13钢组织与性能对热锻模使用寿命的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
基于新型热作模具钢H13钢淬透性高、韧性好,建立了经严格控制锻造工艺的热锻模在特定温度等温球化退火、淬火、回火的热处理新工艺,获得了优良的热强性、热稳定性、冷热疲劳性、抗氧化性及综合力学性能。该工艺使H13钢热锻模的使用寿命提高1~2倍。 相似文献
985.
Bouc-Wen model parameter identification for a MR fluid damper using computationally efficient GA 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A non-symmetrical Bouc-Wen model is proposed in this paper for magnetorheological (MR) fluid dampers. The model considers the effect of non-symmetrical hysteresis which has not been taken into account in the original Bouc-Wen model. The model parameters are identified with a Genetic Algorithm (GA) using its flexibility in identification of complex dynamics. The computational efficiency of the proposed GA is improved with the absorption of the selection stage into the crossover and mutation operations. Crossover and mutation are also made adaptive to the fitness values such that their probabilities need not be user-specified. Instead of using a sufficiently number of generations or a pre-determined fitness value, the algorithm termination criterion is formulated on the basis of a statistical hypothesis test, thus enhancing the performance of the parameter identification. Experimental test data of the damper displacement and force are used to verify the proposed approach with satisfactory parameter identification results. 相似文献
986.
Studies using thin boron carbide (B4C) coatings have previously been performed in order to investigate their potential use as finite-life run-in coatings. Such coatings have been shown to polish the mating surface in a relatively short time. The inherent ability of these coatings to polish can potentially allow them to function as finite-life run-in coatings. Employing such coatings requires a thorough understanding of the parameters which directly influence the changes that occur in the coating abrasiveness throughout the duration of the polishing process. In past studies, changes in the coating abrasiveness during dry sliding wear under ambient conditions have been investigated. However, both lubrication and humidity can strongly influence the abrasive wear process. In this study, the influences of the operating environment, namely humidity and lubrication, on the coating abrasiveness are directly investigated. The coating abrasiveness decreases at a slower rate when a lubricant is added and when the humidity decreases. 相似文献
987.
A much more accurate analytical expression of dynamical electron diffraction than the phase object approximation (POA) formula has been derived in this paper which decreases the restriction of sample thickness up to almost one order of magnitude compared to POA theory. The importance of the new expression is twofold. First, a sample with such a thickness that new expression remains valid can be prepared experimentally. Second, the new expression reveals a clear and straightforward relationship between the wave function and crystal potential. In the expression, the effect of dynamical diffraction on wave function can be simply attributed to two factors TP(D) = (sin(lambda pi zg2))/(4pi2g2) and TA(D) = [1 - cos(lambda pi zg2)]/4pi2g2. Compared to the effect of transfer functions of an electron microscope on wave function, we found that TP(d) and TA(d) play the same role as transfer function but are independent of the instrument.For this reason, we here call the former as "extrinsic transfer functions" and the latter as "intrinsic" ones. In principle, one should correct not only extrinsic transfer functions but also intrinsic ones if one desires to achieve higher resolution. 相似文献
988.
989.
990.
Jungang Lu Jie Ma Li Wang Huanxu Zhang Xianli Zou Hui Han 《Petroleum Science and Technology》2016,34(5):464-470
Bitumen's influence on reservoir properties and hydrocarbon accumulation in Santai area was studied by experiment measures and geochemical evidences. The porosity and permeability of the sandstones containing bitumen increased significantly by dissolving experiments, implying that bitumen strongly influences the reservoir properties. The analysis reveals that there were two stages of hydrocarbon accumulation. In the first stage oil migrated into coarse-grained sandstone and then degraded to bitumen, which deteriorated the reservoir properties. The second stage oil had to migrate into fine-grained sandstones, or the residual pores of the bitumen-containing coarse-grained sandstone. Exploration in this area should avoid the bitumen distribution zone. 相似文献