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991.
Arri Priimagi Marco Saccone Gabriella Cavallo Atsushi Shishido Tullio Pilati Pierangelo Metrangolo Giuseppe Resnati 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2012,24(44):OP345-OP352
It is demonstrated that halogen bonding can be used to construct low‐molecular‐weight supramolecular complexes with unique light‐responsive properties. In particular, halogen bonding drives the formation of a photoresponsive liquid‐crystalline complex between a non‐mesogenic halogen bond‐donor molecule incorporating an azo group, and a non‐mesogenic alkoxystilbazole moiety, acting as a halogen bond‐acceptor. Upon irradiation with polarized light, the complex exhibits a high degree of photoinduced anisotropy (order parameter of molecular alignment > 0.5). Moreover, efficient photoinduced surface‐relief‐grating (SRG) formation occurs upon irradiation with a light interference pattern, with a surface‐modulation depth 2.4 times the initial film thickness. This is the first report on a halogen‐bonded photoresponsive low‐molecular‐weight complex, which furthermore combines a high degree of photoalignment and extremely efficient SRG formation in a unique way. This study highlights the potential of halogen bonding as a new tool for the rational design of high‐performance photoresponsive suprastructures. 相似文献
992.
993.
Microcavity-integrated graphene photodetector 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Furchi M Urich A Pospischil A Lilley G Unterrainer K Detz H Klang P Andrews AM Schrenk W Strasser G Mueller T 《Nano letters》2012,12(6):2773-2777
There is an increasing interest in using graphene (1, 2) for optoelectronic applications. (3-19) However, because graphene is an inherently weak optical absorber (only ≈2.3% absorption), novel concepts need to be developed to increase the absorption and take full advantage of its unique optical properties. We demonstrate that by monolithically integrating graphene with a Fabry-Pérot microcavity, the optical absorption is 26-fold enhanced, reaching values >60%. We present a graphene-based microcavity photodetector with responsivity of 21 mA/W. Our approach can be applied to a variety of other graphene devices, such as electro-absorption modulators, variable optical attenuators, or light emitters, and provides a new route to graphene photonics with the potential for applications in communications, security, sensing and spectroscopy. 相似文献
994.
Carrier trapping is one of the main sources of performance degradation in nanocrystal-based devices. Yet the dynamics of this process is still unclear. We present a comprehensive investigation into the efficiency of hole transfer to a variety of trap sites located on the surface of the core or the shell or at the core/shell interface in CdSe nanocrystals with both organic and inorganic passivation, using the atomistic semiempirical pseudopotential approach. We separate the contribution of coupling strength and energetics in different systems and trap configurations, obtaining useful general guidelines for trapping rate engineering. We find that trapping can be extremely efficient in core-only systems, with trapping times orders of magnitude faster than radiative recombination. The presence of an inorganic shell can instead bring the trapping rates well below the typical radiative recombination rates observed in these systems. 相似文献
995.
996.
Chiesa M Cardenas PP Otón F Martinez J Mas-Torrent M Garcia F Alonso JC Rovira C Garcia R 《Nano letters》2012,12(3):1275-1281
A silicon nanowire-based biosensor has been designed and applied for label-free and ultrasensitive detection of the early stage of recombinational DNA repair by RecA protein. Silicon nanowires transistors were fabricated by atomic force microscopy nanolithography and integrated into a microfluidic environment. The sensor operates by measuring the changes in the resistance of the nanowire as the biomolecular reactions proceed. We show that the nanoelectronic sensor can detect and differentiate several steps in the binding of RecA to a single-stranded DNA filament taking place on the nanowire-aqueous interface. We report relative changes in the resistance of 3.5% which are related to the interaction of 250 RecA·single-stranded DNA complexes. Spectroscopy data confirm the presence of the protein-DNA complexes on the functionalized silicon surfaces. 相似文献
997.
998.
999.
The strong anisotropy of unidirectionally-reinforced FRP composites makes it difficult to design an efficient anchorage for measuring the tensile strength and this difficulty increases together with the cross section area of the specimen. To overcome this difficulty a new anchor system was developed for tension testing of large diameter GFRP bars in a universal testing machine. The anchor body designed and tested consists of two shells, pushed one against the other by the jaws of the testing machine, leaving an inner conical hole. The ends of the bar are provided with resin heads having the shape of the hole inside the anchor body. The present paper details the modelling investigation to verify and improve the shape and hence the performances of this anchor system. The approach adopted consists in a parametric numerical analysis that rests on the experimental data already gathered. 相似文献
1000.
Luca Cecchinato Marco Corradi Silvia Minetto 《International Journal of Thermal Sciences》2011,50(12):2483-2495
The prediction of the performances of CO2 transcritical heat pumps demands accurate calculation methods, where a particular effort is devoted to the gas cooler modelling, as the correlation between high pressure and gas cooler outlet temperature strongly affects the cycle performance. The above-mentioned methods require a large amount of input data and calculation power. As a consequence they are often useless for the full characterisation of heat pumps which are sold on the market.A simplified numerical method for the performance prediction of vapour compression heat pumps working in a transcritical cycle is presented, based only on performance data at the nominal rating conditions. The proposed procedure was validated against experimental data of two different tap water heat pumps. For the considered units, simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental ones. The deviations range from −6.4% to +1.7% and from −3.8% to +5.8% for the COPH of the air/water heat pump and the water/water heat pump, respectively. The heating capacity deviations stayed within −5.5% and +1.7% range and within −5.0% and +7.9% range for the same units.The proposed mathematical model appears to be a reliable tool to be used by the refrigeration industry or to be implemented into dynamic building-plant energy simulation codes. Finally, it represents a useful instrument for the definition of tailored approximated optimal high pressure curve considering the operating characteristics of the specific CO2 transcritical unit. It could also be implemented on board of a real unit control system where it could be used as model coupled to computational intelligence algorithms for pressure optimisation. 相似文献